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Mazepa's Title: Prince of the Holy Roman Empire

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Theodore Mackiw
Theodore Mackiw*
Affiliation:
Soviet Area Studies, University of Akron
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Extract

On September 1, 1707, Hetman Ivan Mazepa was granted the title of Prince (Reichsfürst) of the “Holy Roman Empire” by the Emperor Joseph I.

Type
Articles
Information
Nationalities Papers , Volume 7 , Issue 1 , Spring 1979 , pp. 95 - 100
Copyright
Copyright © 1979 by the Association for the Study of the Nationalities (USSR and East Europe) Inc. 

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References

Notes

1. Hetman literally translated meant “Head Man,” the official title of the chief executive of the autonomous military republic, better known as the Hetman-State; for details, see Hans Schumann. “Der Hetmanstaat 1654–1764,” Ph.D. dis., U. of Breslau, 1936. Ivan Mazepa-Koledynsky was born of a noble Ukrainian family at his ancestral seat at Mazepyntsi on March 20, 1639; for details, see O. Ohloblyn. Het'man Ivan Mazepa ta ioho doba, Zapysky Naukovoho Tovarystva im. Shevchenka (thereafter ZNTS) (New York, Paris, and Toronto, 1960), 170:21. Mazepa died on October 2, 1709, in Varnytsia, a suburb of Bendery; for details, see B. Krupnycky, “Miscellanea Mazepiana,” Pratsi Ukrains'koho Naukovoho Instytutu (thereafter PUNI) (Warsaw, 1939), 47:90-92. It is widely accepted that Mazepa's name is spelled with a double “pp.” Already James Millington has noted it in his The True Story of Mazepa (London, 1884), pp. 95-96, stating: “I follow the orthography of Western Europe, but the name ought to be strictly written with one “p” — Mazepa …” For details see my article “Mazepa or Mazeppa?,” The Ukrainian Review, vol 10, no. 4, (1963), pp. 42–45.Google Scholar

2. Baluse's letter was discovered by Elias Borshchak in the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris under “Fonds Baluse,” vol. 351, and was published in a Ukrainian translation as an appendix to his paper, “Mazepa — Liudyna i istorychnyi diiach,” ZNTS, 152:28–30 (Lviv, 1933).Google Scholar

3. Defoe, Daniel, An Impartial History of the Life and Actions of Peter Alexowitz … Czar of Muscovy, etc. (London, 1729), p. 208.Google Scholar

4. Kostomarov, N., Mazepa i mazepintsy: Polnoie sobraniie sochinenii (St. Petersburg, 1905), 6:422.Google Scholar

5. de la Neuville, Foy, Relation curieuse et nouvelle de Moscovie, etc. (The Hague, 1699); I used the English translation: An Account of Muscovy as it was in the year 1689 (London, 1699), p. 43.Google Scholar

6. Haus, Hof, and Staatsarchiv (thereafter HHS), Russica 1–20; cf. Ustrialov, N., Istoriia Tsarstvovaniia Petra Velikogo (St. Petersburg, 1858–1863), vol. 4, Part 2, p. 573.Google Scholar

7. Kostomarov, Mazepa i mazepintsy, p. 567; The Tsar expressed his refusal in these words: “… I can give you neither ten thousand nor even ten men. Defend yourself as you can.”Google Scholar

8. To mention a few such as Leipziger Post- und Ordinar Zeitung, no. 39 (1687); Berliner Sonntag-Postillion, no. 38 (1687); Berliner Dienstag Fama, no. 37 (1687); Berliner Dienstag-Mercurius, no. 38 (1687).Google Scholar

9. For details see Mackiw, T., Mazepa im Lichte der zeitgenoessischen deutschen Quellen, ZNTS, vol. 174 (Munich, 1963).Google Scholar

10. In America, a weekly, The Boston News-Letter, no. 41, of Jan. 22-29, 1705, copying the London semi-weekly, The Post-Man, of Aug. 22, 1704, verbatim reported that “… the Cosacks Commanded by the famous Mazeppa, consisting of 19,000 choice men, with a Train of Artillery of 36 Pieces of Cannon, have join'd King Augustus near Jaworow …”Google Scholar

11. For details see Mackiw, T., Prince Mazepa: Hetman of Ukraine, in Contemporary English Publications, 1687–1709 (Chicago, 1967).Google Scholar

12. Archiv für Kulturgeschichte, vol. 44, no. 3 (1962), pp. 350–356.Google Scholar

13. van Haven, P., Nye og forbedrede Efterraetininger om det russiske Rige (New Improved Accounts About the Russian Empire), 2 Vols. (Copenhagen, 1747). I used the German translation: Unterschiedene Abschnitte aus neuen verbesserten Nachrichten, publ. by A. Buesching in Magazin fuer die neue Historie und Geographie, 10:319 (Halle, 1776).Google Scholar

14. Vozniak, M., “Benderska komisija po smerti Mazepy,” PUNI, 46:127, 131.Google Scholar

15. HHS, Russica I-20; The full text of Huyssen's letter was published in my book Mazepa im Lichte, p. 101.Google Scholar

16. Tomashivsky, S., “Mazepa i avstrijska polityka,” ZNTS, 92:245; Krupnycky, B., Hetman Mazepa und seine Zeit 1687–1709 (Leipzig, 1942), p. 159; Ohloblyn, O., Hetman Ivan Mazepa, p. 301.Google Scholar

17. HHS, Russica I-20; cf. Tomashivsky, “Mazepa i avstrijska polityka,” p. 245.Google Scholar

18. Tomashivsky, “Mazepa i avstrijska polityka,” p. 245.Google Scholar

19. Kostomarov, Mazepa i mazepintsy, p. 550; see also Pricak, O., “Ivan Mazepa i kniahynia Anna Dolska,” PUNI, 47:102–117.Google Scholar

20. Kostomarov, Mazepa i mazepintsy, p. 550.Google Scholar

21. Siebmacher, F., Grosses und allgemeines Wappenbuch, bearbeitet von M. Gritzner (Nuremberg, 1887), 1:161; cf. Tokarzewski-Karaszewicz, J., “Pochodzennia i herb Hetmana Mazepy,” PUNI, 46:62-63.Google Scholar