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End of War or End of State? 1918 in the Public Memories of Post-Communist Croatia and Serbia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2021

Tea Sindbæk Andersen Open the ORCID record for Tea Sindbæk Andersen [Opens in a new window]  and
Ismar Dedović
Tea Sindbæk Andersen*
Affiliation:
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Ismar Dedović
Affiliation:
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

This article investigates the role of 1918, the end of the First World War, and the establishment of the Yugoslav state in public memories of post-communist Croatia and Serbia. Analysing history schoolbooks within the context of major works of history and public discussion, the authors trace the developments of public memory of the end of the war and 1918. Drawing on the concepts of public memory and historical narrative, the authors focus on the ways in which history textbooks create historical narratives and on the types of lessons from the past that can be extracted from these narratives. While Serbia and Croatia have rather different patterns of First World War memory, the authors argue that both states have abandoned the Yugoslav communist narrative and now publicly commemorate 1918 as a loss of national statehood. This is somehow paradoxical, since the establishment of the South Slav State in 1918 was supposedly an outcome of the Wilsonian principle of national self-determination. In Serbia, the story of loss is packed in a fatalistic narrative of heroism and victimhood, while in Croatia the story of loss is embedded in a tale of necessary evils, which nevertheless had a positive outcome in a sovereign Croatian state.

Keywords

Southeastern Europecollective memoryhistorical narrativeWorld War I1918
Type
Special Issue Article
Information
Nationalities Papers , Volume 49 , Issue 4: Special Issue on 1918 and the Ambiguities of “Old-New Europe” , July 2021 , pp. 646 - 661
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Association for the Study of Nationalities

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