Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T23:42:22.644Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Contextualized violence: politics and terror in Dagestan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2018

Magomed-Rasul Ibragimov
Affiliation:
Institute of History, Ethnography, and Anthropology, Dagestan Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Dagestan, Russia
Kimitaka Matsuzato*
Affiliation:
Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
*
* Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

Abstract

Despite the escalating terrorist actions, there is no polarized constellation in the Islamic politics of Dagestan. Russia's Federal Security Service (FSB) officers regard the corrupt Dagestan authorities to be significantly responsible for the massive conversion of youths to terrorism, and began to contact with moderate Salafis to isolate the “forest brothers” (armed Salafis) in 2010. Exploiting the FSB's soft strategy, secular intellectuals requested to reform the Muslim Spiritual Board of Dagestan by electing a legitimate mufti. Having seen the incompetence of intra-Sufi opposition (non-Avar sheikhs) in the War on Terror, the Spiritual Board jumped on the bandwagon of dialog strategy in 2012. The secular authorities of Dagestan, indifferent to intra-Muslim politics, limit their activities to the call for dialog between the secular authorities and the forest brothers. In this way, political actors hijack the master narrative of the “War on Terror” and these narratives are imported to local politics.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © 2014 Association for the Study of Nationalities 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abdulagatov, Z. M. 2007. “Poslanie prezidenta RD: Novyi vzglyad na problem terrorizma.” Aktual'nye problemy protivodeistviya religiozno-politicheskomu ekstremizmu: Materialy Vserossiiskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii. Makhachkala 6 iyunya 2007. Makhachkala: Izd-vo “Lotos”, 269273.Google Scholar
Abdulagatov, Z. M. 2011a. “Problema umerennosti v dagestanskom salafizme.” Dagestanskii sotsiologicheskii sbornik – 2011. Makhachkala: ALEF.Google Scholar
Abdulagatov, Z. M. 2011b. Osobennosti sotsializatsii sovremennoi molodezhi i sotsial'nye deformatsii v molodezhnoi srede (na primere Respubliki Dagestan). Makhachkala: IIAE DNTs RAN.Google Scholar
Aliev, M. 2009. “Vakhkhabizm—ideologiya voiny: Otryvok iz interv'yu (ot 17 aprelya 2009 g.) prezidenta Dagestana Mukhu Alieva s korrespondentami Romanon Badaninym (Gazeta.ru) i Georgiem Shvedovym (Kavkazskii uzel).” As-Salam 9 (334): 13.Google Scholar
“Aminat Kurbanova (Saprykina Alla Andreevna).” Kavkazskii uzel, August 30, 2012. Accessed December 4, 2013. www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/211915/ Google Scholar
“Bor'ba s terrorizmom, ekstremizmom dolzhna stat’ beskompromissnoi – president Dagestana.” RIA Novosti, March 30, 2006. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://ug.ria.ru/dagestan/20060330/81468376.html Google Scholar
Borisov, Timofei. 2006. “Gory raboty zhdut prezidenta Dagestana Mukhu Alieva.” Rossiiskaya Gazeta, February 4. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.rg.ru/2006/02/21/alievdagestan.html Google Scholar
“Dvoinoi vzryv v Makhachkale.” Vesti, May 4-19, 2012. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.vesti.ru/theme.html?tid=97534 Google Scholar
“Ekspert ob ubiistve Maksuda Sadikova. Ruslan Kurbanov.” Ansar, June 9, 2011. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.ansar.ru/society/2011/06/09/16914 Google Scholar
“Eksperty ob ubiistve Maksuda Sadikova. Suleiman Uladiev.” Ansar, June 9, 2011. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.ansar.ru/society/2011/06/09/16916 Google Scholar
Federal'nyi zakon RF ot 7 fevralya 2011 g. N3-FZ “O politsii,” Rossiiskaya gazeta – Dokumenty. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.rg.ru/2011/02/07/police-dok.html Google Scholar
Gadzhiev, Abdulmumin. 2012. “Bespoleznaya ‘idzhma'.” Chrnovik. June 1. Accessed December 5, 2013. http://chernovik.net/content/monotheos/bespoleznaya-idzhma-0 Google Scholar
Gamzatova, Patimat. “‘Khudaibiiskii’ ‘mirnyi’ dogovor.” islam.ru. September 2, 2012. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.islam.ru/content/analitics/5140 Google Scholar
Hahn, Gordon M. 2007. Russia's Islamic Threat. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Ibragimov, M.-R., and Matsuzato, Kimitaka. 2005. “Alien but Loyal: Reasons for the ‘Unstable Stability’ of Dagestan, an Outpost of Slavic Eurasia.” In Emerging Meso-Areas in the Former Socialist Countries: Histories Revived or Improvised? edited by Matsuzato, K., 221244. Sapporo: Slavic Research Center.Google Scholar
“Islamskaya doktrina protiv radikalizma,” Live Journal. Accessed December 5, 2013. http://ru-news-politic.livejournal.com/15453.html Google Scholar
Kadiev, Rasul. 2011. “Primirenie.” Mysli idealista. Yurist – eto prognoz, April 26, 2011. Accessed January 13, 2014. http://kadievrasul.livejournal.com/146434.html Google Scholar
Kadiev, Rasul. 2012. “Zachem oni ubivayut.” Mysli idealista. Yurist – eto prognoz, January 21, 2012. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://kadievrasul.livejournal.com/256544.html Google Scholar
Kisriev, E. F. 2004. Islam i vlast’ v Dagestane. Moscow: OGI.Google Scholar
“Komissiya po adaptatsii … general-maiora Savrulina.” Chernovik. April 27, 2012. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://chernovik.net/content/respublika/komissiya-po-adaptacii-general-mayora-savrulina-0 Google Scholar
Latynina, Yuliya. 2006. “Odin den’ prezidenta: Glava Dagestana Mukhu Aliev prinimal posetitelei v prisutstvii obozrevatelya ‘Novoi'.” Novaya gazeta. August 10. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://2006.novayagazeta.ru/nomer/2006/60n/n60n-s00.shtml Google Scholar
“Lesnaya al'ternativa? Chto zastavlyaet dagestanskuyu molodezh’ brat'sya za oruzhie.” Dosh. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.doshdu.ru/novosti/lesnaya-alternativa-chtozastavlyaet-dagestanskuyu-molodezh-bratsya-za-oruzhie Google Scholar
“Magomedsalam Magomedov: s'ezd narodov Dagestana dolzhen stat’ soderzhatel'nym i pomoch’ vyrabotat’ pravil'nye resheniya.” RIA Dagestan. November 3, 2010 (republished by DogMarket.ru). Accessed December 5, 2012. http://dagmarket.ru/news/magomedsalam_magomedov:_syezd_narodov_dagestana_doljen_stat_soderjatelnyim_i_pomoch_vyirabotat_pravilnyie_resheniya/Google Scholar
“Magomedsalam Magomedov naznachen zamestitelem Rukovoditelya Administratsii Prezidenta, vremenno ispolnyayushchim obyazannosti Prezidenta Dagestana naznachen Ramazan Abdulatipov.” Prezident Rossii. Novosti. January 28, 2013. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://news.kremlin.ru/news/17383 Google Scholar
“Magomedov Magomedsalam. Prezident Respubliki Dagestan.” Lenta.ru, updated on March 16, 2012. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://lenta.ru/lib/14203198/ Google Scholar
Makarov, D. V. 2000. Ofitsial'nyi i neofitsial'nyi Islam v Dagestane. Moscow: Institut vostokovedeniya RAN.Google Scholar
Makarov, D. V. 2008. “Nesostoyavsheesya vozrozhdenie umerennogo islamizma v Dagestane.” Islam.ru. April 24. Accessed December 4, 2013. www.islamrf.ru/news/library/islam-word/2585 Google Scholar
Makarov, D. 2005. “Dagestan's Approach to the Islamic Mega-Area? The Potentials and Limits of Jihadism.” In Emerging Meso-Areas in the Former Socialist Countries: Histories Revived or Improvised? edited by Matsuzato, Kimitaka, 195220. Sapporo: Slavic Research Center.Google Scholar
Makarov, Dmitrii., and Mukhametshin, Rafik. 2003. “Official and unofficial Islam.” In Islam in Post-Soviet Russia: Public and private faces, edited by Pilkington, H. and Yamelianova, G., 117163. London-New York: RoutledgeCurzon.Google Scholar
Malashenko, Aleksei. 2001. Islamskie orientiry Severnogo Kavkaza. Moscow: Gendal'f.Google Scholar
Matsuzato, Kimitaka, and Ibragimov, Magomed-Rasul. 2005. “Islamic Politics at the Subregional Level of Dagestan: Tariqa Brotherhoods, Ethnicities, Localism and the Spiritual Board.” Europe-Asia Studies 57 (5): 753779.Google Scholar
Mel'nikov, Andrei. 2011. “Dialog zaglushili vystrely: V Dagestane putem primireniya islamskikh techenii pytayutsya dostich’ grazhdanskogo soglasiya.” Nezavisimaya gazeta, June 15, 2011. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.ng.ru/events/2011-06-15/1_dagestan.html Google Scholar
“Muftii Dagestana zayavil, chto imamy ne vydayut boevikov i vstupilsya za lyudei s dlinnymi borodami.” Newsru.com. April 2, 2012. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.newsru.com/religy/02apr2012/muftiy.html Google Scholar
“Na mitinge protiv pokhishchenii lyudei i proizvola silovikov v Makhachkale vystupil Rizvan Kurbanov.” Kavkazskii uzel. November 25, 2011. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/196458/ Google Scholar
“Poyavilos’ podtverzhdenie informatsii o tom, chto Saida Chirkeiskogo likvidirovali modzhakhedy Dagestana.” KavkazCenter.com. September 20, 2012. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.kavkazcenter.com/russ/content/2012/09/20/93190.shtml Google Scholar
“Prezidentskii sovet zakhotel sozdat’ Federal'nuyu komissiyu dlya adaptatsii boevikov k mirnoi zhizni.” Newsru.com. July 10, 2012. Accessed December 4, 2013. www.newsru.com/russia/10jul2012/fedcomm.html Google Scholar
Priimak, Artur. 2013. “Panatseya ot ukhoda v ‘les'?” Nastoyashchee vremya. March 7, 2013. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://gazeta-nv.info/content/view/44698/ Google Scholar
Proekt predlozhenii dlya Programmy po preodoleniyu krizisa v Dagestane” (Archival source kindly presented to the authors by Abbas Kebedov).Google Scholar
“Provokatsionnoe ubiistvo Maksuda Sadikova mozhet prervat’ dialog religioznykh obshchin.” Novoe delo. June 10, 2011. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.arhiv.ndelo.ru/one_stat.php?id=5010 Google Scholar
“Razgovor Safonova s Imperatorom Nikolaem Pavlovichem.” 1892. Arkhiv Knyazya Vorontsova. Vol. 38. Moscow: Tip. A. I. Mamontova i ko.Google Scholar
Real'nye deistviya po ob'edineniyu musul'man.” YouTube. Accessed November 27, 2012. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xr9oWbmfStI Google Scholar
Roshin, Mikhail. 2003. “Fundamentalism v Dagestane i Chechne.” Otechestvennye zaposki 5 (14). Accessed December 4, 2012. http://www.strana-oz.ru/2003/5/fundamentalizm-v-dagestane-i-chechne Google Scholar
S'ezd narodov Dagestana. 15 dekabrya 2010 goda. Makhachkala: Izdatel'stvo “Lotos.” 2011.Google Scholar
“Sovetnik FSB raskryl tainye operatsii natsistov.” Vesti.kz. May 27, 2011. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://vesti.kz/fragment/86672/ Google Scholar
“Strategiya sotsial'no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya Severo-Kavkazskogo federal'nogo okruga do 2025 goda.” Kavkazskii uzel. October 6, 2010. Accessed December 4, 2013. www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/175166/ Google Scholar
“Ubiistvo M. Sadikova – popytka sorvat’ mirnyi protsess na Kavkaze – M. Shevchenko,” Ansar, June 9, 2011. Accessed December 5, 2013. http://www.ansar.ru/person/2011/06/09/16936 Google Scholar
Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 15 fevralya 2006 g. No. 116, ‘O merakh po protivodeistviyu terrorizmu’ (s izmeneniyami ot 2 avgusta 2006 g.).” Accessed December 5, 2013. http://nak.fsb.ru/nac/documents/ord_law.htm Google Scholar
“Ukazom Prezidenta obrazovan novyi federal'nyi okrug.” Prezident Rossii, April 19, 2010. Accessed December 4, 2013. www.kremlin.ru/acts/6666 Google Scholar
“V Dagestane musul'manskie organizatsii prinyali rezolyutsiyu grazhdanskogo dialoga.” Ansar, April 29, 2011. Accessed December 4, 2013. http://www.ansar.ru/rfsng/2011/04/29/14969 Google Scholar
“V Dagestane vozvrashchat’ byvshikh boevikov k mirnoi zhizni budet spetsial'naya komissiya.” Kavkazskii uzel, November 2, 2010. Accessed December 4, 2013. www.kavkaz-uzel.ru/articles/176413/ Google Scholar
“Vlast’ i islam: nesostoyavshayasya vstrecha. Interv'yu Z. Uvaisova.” Novoe delo, November 4, 2010. Accessed December 4, 2013. www.ndelo.ru/one_stat.php?id=3672 Google Scholar
Vystuplenie Evgeniya Petrovicha Il'ina na Vserossiiskom soveshchanii po voprosam obespecheniya kompleksnoi bezopasnosti VUZov.” YouTube. December 5, 2013. www.youtube.com/watch?v=sxJOoHw9po Google Scholar
Vystuplenie Stalina I. V. Na s'ezde narodov Dagestana. 13 noyabrya 1920 g.” Accessed December 5, 2013. http://grachev62.narod.ru/stalin/t4/t4_85.htm Google Scholar
Zubairuev, Z. 2012. (Head of the Department of Information Policy and Press Service of the President of Dagestan.) Coauthor B's personal interview. April 24, Makhachkala.Google Scholar