Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T18:30:51.187Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Spin-Polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (SPSTM)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2011

R. Wiesendanger
Affiliation:
University of Basel, Dept. of Physics, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
D. Buergler
Affiliation:
University of Basel, Dept. of Physics, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
G. Tarrach
Affiliation:
University of Basel, Dept. of Physics, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
I.V. Shvets
Affiliation:
University of Basel, Dept. of Physics, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
H.-J. Guentherodt
Affiliation:
University of Basel, Dept. of Physics, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
Get access

Abstract

We report on a novel promising technique for the investigation of magnetic structures at surfaces at high spatial resolution, ultimately down to the atomic scale. This technique is based on the observation of vacuum tunneling of spin-polarized electrons by means of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). We discuss appropriate probe tips for the spin-polarized STM (SPSTM) and describe initial experimental results. We further focus on the information obtained by SPSTM. Finally, the perspectives of SPSTM will be discussed.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

[1] Hembree, G.G., Unguris, J., Celotta, R.J., and Pierce, D.T., Scanning Microscopy Suppl. 1, 229 (1987).Google Scholar
[2] Rugar, D., Mamin, H.J., Guethner, P., Lambert, S.E., Stern, J.E., McFadyen, I., and Yogi, T., J.Appl.Phys. 68, 1169 (1990). C. Schoenenberger and S.F. Alvarado, Z.Phys. B80, 373 (1990)Google Scholar
[3] Wiesendanger, R., Gintherodt, H.-J., Giintherodt, G., Gambino, R.J., and Ruf, R., Phys.Rev.Lett. 65, 247 (1990).Google Scholar
[4] Tedrow, P.M. and Meservey, R., Phys.Rev.Lett. 26, 192 (1971). P.M. Tedrow and R. Meservey, Phys.Rev. B7, 318 (1973). R. Meservey, Phys.Scr. 38, 272 (1988).Google Scholar
[5] Moodera, J.S., Hao, X., Gibson, G.A., and Meservey, R., Phys.Rev.Lett. 61, 637 (1988).Google Scholar
[6] Slonczewski, J.C., J. de Physique C 8, 1629 (1988). J.C. Slonczewski, Phys.Rev. B39, 6995 (1989).Google Scholar
[7] Pierce, D.T. and Meier, F., Phys.Rev. B 13, 5484 (1976).Google Scholar
[8] Pierce, D.T., Phys.Scr. 38, 291 (1988).Google Scholar
[9] Groot, R.A. de, Mueller, F.M., Engen, P.G. van, and Buschow, K.H.J., Phys.Rev.Lett. 50, 2024 (1983). R.A. de Groot and K.H.J. Buschow, J.Magn.Magn.Mat. 54-57, 1377 (1986). R.A. de Groot, Physica B, (1991), in press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[10] Kübler, J., Physica 127B, 257 (1984).Google Scholar
[11] Horikawa, J.J., Hamajima, T., Ogata, F., Kambara, T., and Gondaira, K.I., J.Phys. C 15, 2613 (1982).Google Scholar
[12] Yanase, A. and Siratori, K., J.Phys.Soc.Jpn. 53, 312 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[13] Schwarz, K., J.Phys. F16, L211 (1986).Google Scholar
[14] Albers, R.C., Boring, A.M., Daalderop, G.H.O., and Mueller, F.M., Phys.Rev. B 36, 3661 (1987).Google Scholar
[15] Dijkstra, J., Bruggen, C.F. van, Haas, C., and Groot, R.A. de, Phys.Rev. B 40, 7973 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[16] Kèmper, K.P., Schmitt, W., Gintherodt, G., Gambino, R.J., and Ruf, R., Phys.Rev.Lett. 59,2788 (1987).Google Scholar
[17] Wiesendanger, R., Birgler, D., Tarrach, G., Wadas, A., Brodbeck, D., Gintherodt, H.-J., Gintherodt, G., Gambino, R.J., and Ruf, R., J.Vac.Sci.Technol. B, (1991), in press.Google Scholar
[18] Minakov, A.A. and Shvets, I.V., Surf.Sci.Lett. 236, L377 (1990).Google Scholar
[19] Johnson, M. and Clarke, J., J.Appl.Phys. 67, 6141 (1990).Google Scholar
[20] Blügel, S., Pescia, D., and Dederichs, P.H., Phys.Rev. B 39, 1392 (1989).Google Scholar
[21] Wiesendanger, R. and Gintherodt, H.-J., Surf.Sci. 235, 1 (1990).Google Scholar
[22] Allan, G., Surf.Sci. 74, 79 (1978).Google Scholar
[23] Hamers, R.J., Annu.Rev.Phys.Chem. 40, 531 (1989). R.M. Tromp, J.Phys.: Condens.Matter 1, 10211 (1989).Google Scholar
[24] First, P.N., Stroscio, J.A., Dragoset, R.A., Pierce, D.T., and Celotta, R.J., Phys.Rev.Lett. 63, 1416 (1989).Google Scholar
[25] Parkin, S.S.P., More, N., and Roche, K.P., Phys.Rev.Lett. 64, 2304 (1990).Google Scholar
[26] Staufer, U., Scandella, L., and Wiesendanger, R., Z.Phys. B 77, 281 (1989). D.D. Awschalom, M.A. McCord, and G. Grinstein, Phys.Rev.Lett. 65, 783 (1990).Google Scholar