Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T06:10:09.409Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

One Pot Synthesis of Multifunctional Aramid Aerogels

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2012

Chakkaravarthy Chidambareswarapattar ,
Dhairyashil P. Mohite ,
Zachary J. Larimore ,
Hongbing Lu ,
Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis  and
Nicholas Leventis
Chakkaravarthy Chidambareswarapattar
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, U.S.A. ([email protected], [email protected])
Dhairyashil P. Mohite
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, U.S.A. ([email protected], [email protected])
Zachary J. Larimore
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, U.S.A.
Hongbing Lu
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, U.S.A.
Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, U.S.A. ([email protected], [email protected])
Nicholas Leventis
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, U.S.A. ([email protected], [email protected])
Get access

Abstract

Aerogels are quasi-stable, low-density, three-dimensional assemblies of nanoparticles, but they are commonly associated with poor mechanical properties. The most successful efforts to improve their mechanical properties involve cross-linking of the skeletal nanoparticles with polymers. However, post gelation cross-linking is time-consuming. Hence, it is reasonable to seek robust all-polymer aerogels among polymers known for their high mechanical strength. As a result, here we report the facile one-pot synthesis of a new class of Kevlar-like aerogels based on the rather underutilized reaction of multifunctional isocyanates and carboxylic acids. The resulting materials are up to 84% v/v porous with surface areas as high as 380 m2 g-1. The ultimate compressive strength per unit density is within 10% equal to that of Kevlar 49. The high specific energy absorption (37 J g-1) and Styrofoam-like thermal conductivity (0.028 W m-1 K-1) combined with thermal stability up to 350 °C render aramid aerogels multifunctional materials suitable for defense, civil and transportation related applications. Upon pyrolysis at 800 °C they can be converted to 80% (v/v) porous, electrically conducting carbons with surface areas as high as 474 m2 g-1.

Keywords

aerogelinsulatornanostructure
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1403: Symposium V – Multifunctional Polymer-Based Materials , 2012 , mrsf11-1403-v17-36
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Pierre, A. C. and Pajonk, G. M., Chem. Rev. 102, 4243–4265 (2002).Google Scholar
2. Kistler, S. S., J. Phys. Chem. 36, 52–63 (1932).Google Scholar
3. Carothers, W. H., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 51, 2548–2559 (1929).Google Scholar
4. Ahmad, Z., Sarwar, M. I. and Mark, J. E., J. Mater. Chem. 7, 259–263 (1997).Google Scholar
5. Odian, G., Principles of Polymerization (Wiley, New York), pp 97–101 (2004).Google Scholar
6. (a) Chidambareswarapattar, C., Larimore, Z., Sotiriou-Leventis, C., Mang, J. T. and Leventis, N., J. Mater. Chem. 20, 9666–9678 (2010). (b) N. Leventis, C. Sotiriou-Leventis, N. Chandrasekaran, S. Mulik, Z. J. Larimore, H. Lu, G. Churu and J. T. Mang, Chem. Mater. 22, 6692–6710 (2010).Google Scholar
7. (a) Furukawa, I., Hashiyama, M. and Hashimoto, S., J. Macromol. Sci.-Chem. A26, 761–771 (1989). (b) K. Onder and A. T. Chen, Polym. Eng. Sci. 25, 942–946 (1985).Google Scholar
8. Wei, Y., Jia, X., Jin, D. and Davis, F. A., Macromol. Rapid Commun. 17, 897–903 (1996).Google Scholar
9. (a) Sorensen, W. R., J. Org. Chem. 24, 978–980 (1959). (b) C. L. Agre, G. Dinga and R. Pflaum, J. Org. Chem. 20, 695–699 (1955). (c) H. Xiao, H. X. Xiao, K. C. Frisch and N. Malwitz, High. Perform. Polym. 6, 235–239 (1994).Google Scholar
10. Leventis, N., Chidambareswarapattar, C., Mohite, D. P., Larimore, Z. J., Lu, H. and Sotiriou-Leventis, C., J. Mater. Chem. 21, 11981–11986 (2011).Google Scholar