Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T19:18:15.005Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Nanometer-Scale Metal Dispersions in Polymeric Matrices

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

K. R. Shull ,
D. H. Cole ,
L. E. Rehn  and
P. Baldo
K. R. Shull
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
D. H. Cole
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
L. E. Rehn
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
P. Baldo
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439
Get access

Abstract

We have investigated the diffusive properties of model metal nanoparticle dispersions in polymeric matrices of several different molecular weights. Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry was used to measure the depth distribution of gold nanoparticles within thin layers of poly(t-butyl acrylate) (PTBA). The gold nanoparticles were created by evaporation of a discontinuous gold layer onto a thin film of PTBA. A second PTBA film was placed onto these samples to create “sandwiches” in which the gold existed between two PTBA films. Gold particle diffusion coefficients were obtained from measured gold particle depth distributions in annealed samples for which the molecular weights of the two PTBA layers were identical. The experiments revealed that particle mobility was decreased by two to three orders of magnitude compared with the predictions of the Stokes-Einstein model of particle diffusion. These results are attributed to bridging interactions between particles arising from slow exchange kinetics of polymer segments at the polymer/metal interface. Experiments for which the molecular weights of the two polymer films are different are sensitive to the ability of polymer molecules to pass through the gold particle layer. Experiments done with thermally evaporated particles are consistent with a picture in which polymer molecules are able to freely pass through the gold particle layer. Results obtained with gold deposited by electron-beam evaporation are strikingly different. The gold in this case is not able to diffuse, and polymer molecules are not able to penetrate the gold layer. These results, in addition to preliminary results from optical absorption experiments, indicate that much smaller particles are obtained by electron-beam evaporation than by thermal evaporation.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 461: Symposia BB – Morphological Control in Multiphase Polymer Mix… , 1996 , 147
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Chan, Y.N.C., Schrock, R.R. and Cohen, R.E., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 114, 7295 (1992).Google Scholar
2. Chan, Y.N.C., Schrock, R.R. and Cohen, R.E., Chem. Mater. 4, 24 (1992).Google Scholar
3. Chan, Y.N.C., Craig, G.S.W., Schrock, R.R. and Cohen, R.E., Chem. Mater. 1992, 885 (1992).Google Scholar
4. Morkved, T.L., Wiltzius, P., Jaeger, H.M., Grier, D.G. and Witten, T.A., Applied Physics Letters 64, 422(1994).Google Scholar
5. Spatz, J.P., Roescher, A. and Möller, M., Adv. Mater. 8, 337 (1996).Google Scholar
6. Kunz, M.S., Shull, K.R. and Kellock, A.J., J. Appl. Phys. 72, 4458 (1992).Google Scholar
7. Kunz, M.S., Shull, K.R. and Kellock, A.J., J. Coll. Int. Sci. 156, 240 (1993).Google Scholar
8. Shull, K.R. and Kellock, A.J., J. Poly. Sci., Polym. Phys. 33, 1417 (1995).Google Scholar
9. Varshney, S.K., Jacobs, C, Hautekeer, J.-P., Bayard, P., Jérôme, R., Fayt, R. and Teyssié, P., Macromolecules 24, 4997(1991).Google Scholar
10. Ho, P.S.B., Haight, R.A., White, R.C., Sanda, P.N. and Rossi, A.R., IBM Journal of Research and Development 32, 658(1988).Google Scholar
11. Fayt, U.R., Forte, R., Jacobs, C, Jérôme, R., Ouhadi, T., Teyssié, P. and Varshney, S.K., Macromolecules 20, 1442 (1987).Google Scholar
12. Cherkezyan, V.O. and Litmanovich, A.D., European Polymer Journal 21, 623 (1991).Google Scholar
13. Chu, W., Mayer, J.W. and Nicolet, M., Backscattering Spectrometrv. (Academic Press, New York, 1978).Google Scholar
14. Batchelor, G.K., Journal of Fluid Mechanics 74, 1(1976).Google Scholar
15. Polymer Handbook (3rd. Edition) Brandrup, J. and Immergut, E.H., Ed. Wiley: New York, 1989.Google Scholar
16. Green, P.F., Palmstrøm, C.J., Mayer, J.W. and Kramer, E.J., Macromolecules 18, 501 (1985).Google Scholar
17. Graessley, W.W., Adv. Polym. Sci. 47, 67 (1982).Google Scholar
18. Ferry, J.D., Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers. (J. Wiley and Sons, New York, 1980).Google Scholar
19. Pearson, D.S., Fetters, L.J., Graessley, W.W., Ver Strate, G. and Von Meerwall, E., Macromolecules 27, 711(1994).Google Scholar
20. Andersson, T. and Granqvist, C.G., J. Appl. Phys. 48, 1673 (1977).Google Scholar
21. Kreibig, U. and Cenzel, L., Surf. Sci. 156, 678 (1985).Google Scholar