Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T23:55:07.836Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of Scaffold Composition on Gene Expression and Cellular Organization in Tissue-engineered Middle Phalanx Models of Human Digits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

William Landis ,
Yoshitaka Wada ,
Mitsuhiro Enjo ,
Robin Jacquet ,
Elizabeth M. Lowder  and
Noritaka Isogai
William Landis
Affiliation:
[email protected], Northeastern Ohio Universities Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Integrative Medical Sciences, Rootstown, Ohio, United States
Yoshitaka Wada
Affiliation:
[email protected], Kinki University Medical School, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka, Japan
Mitsuhiro Enjo
Affiliation:
[email protected], Kinki University Medical School, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka, Japan
Robin Jacquet
Affiliation:
[email protected], Northeastern Ohio Universities Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Integrative Medical Sciences, Rootstown, Ohio, United States
Elizabeth M. Lowder
Affiliation:
[email protected], Northeastern Ohio Universities Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Integrative Medical Sciences, Rootstown, Ohio, United States
Noritaka Isogai
Affiliation:
[email protected], Kinki University Medical School, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka, Japan
Get access

Abstract

To augment or replace defective, diseased, or impaired human digits, the design and development of tissue-engineered phalanges are important and include a middle phalanx model. This construct consists in part of two square-shaped biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffolds (1 x 1 x 0.2 cm in length, width and thickness, respectively) seeded with cartilage cells (chondrocytes) obtained from young calves. One such seeded scaffold is sutured to each end of a rectangular-shaped scaffold (˜2 x 0.7 x 0.5 cm in length, width and thickness) serving as the midshaft of the model. To examine the biological regenerative capacity of these biomimetic composites, midshafts were left uncovered or wrapped with periosteum, a tissue from calves giving rise to cartilage and bone. Midshafts were composed of poly(L-lactide-ε-caprolactone) [P(LA-CL)] or one of two ceramics, hydroxyapatite (HA) or β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), admixed with P(LA-CL). When engineered middle phalanx models were implanted and grown for up to 20 weeks under dorsal skin flaps of athymic (nude) mice, resulting constructs varied in their midshaft bone and end plate cartilage composition and structure. Harvested from mice at 20 weeks, all constructs (n = 3 for each type) without periosteum developed viable end plate cartilage as determined by Safranin-O staining for chondrocyte-secreted proteoglycans but cells were not organized as in normal growth plate cartilage of human digits. Midshafts remained devoid of cells and mineral. Implanted for the same time 20 week period, constructs of P(LA-CL) (n = 3), HA-P(LA-CL) (n = 3), or β-TCP-P(LA-CL) (n = 3) and enclosed by periosteum each developed viable end plate cartilage whose chondrocytes were organized into columns resembling normal growth plate cartilage of digits. Midshafts mineralized through the normal process of endochondral ossification. While these features were common to all periosteum-wrapped composites, specific differences occurred between them, apparently depending on midshaft copolymer composition. In particular after 10 or 20 weeks of implantation, gene expression of end plate chondrocytes varied in their levels of type II collagen, aggrecan (proteoglycan), or bone sialoprotein, all markers for development of normal cartilage extracellular matrix and mineralization. These results indicate that the composition of midshaft scaffolds comprising middle phalanx models of human digits affects the composition and structure of both midshaft bone and end plate cartilage of constructs. Continuing studies are defining more completely the relationships between structure and composition of bone and cartilage tissues developed and properties of their underlying copolymer scaffolds in these biomineralized models.

Keywords

biomimetic (assembly)bonebiological synthesis (assembly)
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1187: Symposium KK – Structure-Property Relationships in Biomineralized and Biomimetic Composites , 2009 , 1187-KK01-10
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Isogai, N., Landis, W.J., Kim, T.H., Gerstenfeld, L.C., Upton, J. and Vacanti, J.P., J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 81A, 306 (1999).10.2106/00004623-199903000-00002Google Scholar
2 Isogai, N. and Landis, W.J., “Phalanges and small joints,” Methods of Tissue Engineering, eds. Atala, A. and Lanza, R. (Academic Press, 2001) pp. 1041–1047.Google Scholar
3 Chubinskaya, S., Jacquet, R., Isogai, N., Asamura, S. and Landis, W.J., Tissue Eng. 10, 1204 (2004).10.1089/ten.2004.10.1204Google Scholar
4 Landis, W.J., Jacquet, R., Hillyer, J., Zhang, J., Siperko, L., Chubinskaya, S., Asamura, S. and Isogai, N., Orthop. Clin. North Am. 36, 97 (2005).10.1016/j.ocl.2004.06.006Google Scholar
5 Landis, W.J., Jacquet, R., Hillyer, J., Lowder, E., Yanke, A., Siperko, L., Asamura, S., Kusuhara, H., Enjo, M., Chubinskaya, S., Potter, K. and Isogai, N., Orthod. Craniofacial Res. 8, 303 (2005).10.1111/j.1601-6343.2005.00353.xGoogle Scholar
6 Potter, K., Sweet, D.E., Anderson, P., Isogai, N., Asamura, S., Kusuhara, H. and Landis, W.J., Bone 38, 350 (2006).10.1016/j.bone.2005.08.025Google Scholar
7 Landis, W.J., Jacquet, R., Lowder, E., Enjo, M., Wada, Y. and Isogai, N., Cells, Tissues Organs 189, 241 (2009).Google Scholar
8 Yaszemski, M.J., Payne, R.G., Hayes, W.C., Langer, R. and Mikos, A.G., Biomaterials 17, 175 (1996).10.1016/0142-9612(96)85762-0Google Scholar
9 Metsger, D.S., Driskell, T.D. and Paulsrud, J.R., J. Am. Dent. Assoc. 105, 1035 (1982).10.14219/jada.archive.1982.0408Google Scholar
10 Hollinger, J.O., Brekke, J., Gruskin, E. and Lee, D., Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. 324, 55 (1996).10.1097/00003086-199603000-00008Google Scholar
11 Helm, G.A., Clin. Neurosurg. 52, 142 (2004).Google Scholar
12 Ozawa, M., J. Jpn. Soc. Biomater. 13, 167 (1995).Google Scholar
13 Glimcher, M.J., “Composition, structure and organization of bone and other mineralized tissues and the mechanism of calcification,” Handbook of Physiology 7. Endocrinology, eds. Greep, R.O. and Astwood, E.B. (American Physiological Society, 1976) pp. 25–116.Google Scholar
14 Dong, J., Uemura, T., Shirasaki, Y. and Tateishi, T., Biomaterials 23, 4493 (2002).10.1016/S0142-9612(02)00193-XGoogle Scholar
15 Chazono, M., Tanaka, T., Komaki, H. and Fujii, K., J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 70, 542 (2004).10.1002/jbm.a.30094Google Scholar
16 Kitsugi, T., Yamamuro, T., Nakamura, T., Kotani, S., Kokubo, T. and Takeuchi, H., Biomaterials 14, 216 (1993).10.1016/0142-9612(93)90026-XGoogle Scholar
17 Jacquet, R., Hillyer, J. and Landis, W.J., Anal. Biochem. 337, 22 (2005).10.1016/j.ab.2004.09.033Google Scholar
18 Scharschmidt, T., Jacquet, R., Weiner, D., Lowder, E., Schrickel, T. and Landis, W.J., J. Bone Joint Surg. 91, 366 (2009).10.2106/JBJS.G.00039Google Scholar
19 Wada, Y., Enjo, M., Isogai, N., Jacquet, R., Lowder, E., and Landis, W.J., Tissue Eng. (2009), in press.Google Scholar