Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T17:27:36.900Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Active Stiffening of Composite Materials by Embedded Shape-Memory-Alloy Fibres

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 February 2011

J.-E. Bidaux ,
J.-A. E. Månson  and
R. Gotthardt
J.-E. Bidaux
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Technologie des Composites et Polymères
J.-A. E. Månson
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Technologie des Composites et Polymères
R. Gotthardt
Affiliation:
Institut de Génie Atomique Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Get access

Abstract

The use of shape-memory-alloy (SMA) fibres to actively changethe stiffness of a composite beam is investigated on a model system composed of an epoxy matrix with a series of embedded pre-strained NiTi fibres. Stiffness changes are detected through shifts in the natural vibration frequency of the beam. When electrically heated, the pre-strained NiTi fibres undergo a phase transformation. Since the shape recovery associated with the transformation is restrained by the constraints of both the matrix and the clamping device, a force is generated. This force leads to an increase in the natural vibration frequency of the composite beam. Depending on the degree of fibre pre-strain, either ordinary martensite, R-phase or a mixture of the two can be stress-induced. It is found that the R-phase gives rise to the largest change in vibration frequency for a given temperature increase and the most reversible behaviour. Its low transformation strain is also more favourable for fibre-matrix adhesion. The effect of stress relaxation in the polymer matrix on the composite response is discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 459: Symposium Y – Materials for Smart Systems II , 1996 , 107
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1997

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1. Duerig, T.W., Melton, K.N., Stöckel, D., Wayman, C.M., Engineering aspects of shape memory alloys, Butterworth-Heinemann, London, 1990 Google Scholar
2. Gandhi, M. V., Thompson, B. S., Smart materials and structures, Chapman and Hall, London, 1992 Google Scholar
3. Escher, K., Hornbogen, E., “Aspects of two-way shape memory in NiTi-Silicon composite materials”, J. de Physique, 1, C4-pp. 427–432, 1991 Google Scholar
4. Friend, C.M., Morgan, N., “The actuation response of model SMA hybridlaminates”, J. de Physique IV, 5, C2-pp. 415–420, 1995 Google Scholar
5. Yoshida, H., “Creation of environmentally responsive composites with embedded Ti-Ni alloy as effectors”, Adv. Composite Mater., 5, pp. 1–16, 1995 Google Scholar
6. Hebda, D. A., Whitlock, M. E., Ditman, J. B. and White, S. R., “Manufacturing of adaptive graphite/epoxy structures with embedded Nitinol wires”, J. of Intell. Materials Systems and Structures, 6, pp. 220–228, 1995 Google Scholar
7. Rogers, C. A., Liang, C., Barker, D.K., “Dynamic control concepts using shape memory alloy-reinforced plates”, U.S. Army Research Office Workshop on Smart Mat., Struct., and Mam. Issues, Virginia Polytechnic Inst.and State Univ. Blacksburg, Virginia, p. 39, 1988 Google Scholar
8. Mooi, H. G., “Active control of structural parameters of a composite strip using embedded shape memory alloy wires”, Master Thesis, University of Twente, 1992 Google Scholar
9. Baz, A., Ro, J., “Thermodynamic characteristics of Nitinol-reinforced composite beams”, Comp. Engineering, 2, Nos 5–7, pp. 527–542, 1992 Google Scholar
10. Venkatesh, A., Hilborn, J., Bidaux, J.-E., Gotthardt, R., “Active vibration control of flexible linkage mechanisms using shape memory alloy fibre-reinforced composites”, Proc. First European Conf. on Smart Structures and Materials, Glasgow, pp. 185–188, 1992 Google Scholar
11. Chandra, R., “Active strain energy tuning of composite beams usingshape memory alloy actuators”, SPIE vol. 1917, Smart Structures and Intelligent Systems, pp. 267–284, 1993 Google Scholar
12. Bidaux, J.-E., Bernét, N., Sarwa, C., Månson, J.-A. E., Gotthardt, R., “Vibration frequency control of a polymer beam using embedded shape-memory-alloy fibres”, J. de Physique IV, 5, C8–1177, 1995 Google Scholar
13. Bidaux, J.-E., Månson, J.-A., Gotthardt, R., “Active modification of the vibration frequncy of a polymer beam using shape-memory-alloy fibres, Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Intell. Materials, Lyon, 1996, pp. 517–522 Google Scholar
14. Weisshaar, T. A., Sadlowski, M., “Panel flutter supression with active micro-actuators”, Proc. AAAF Int. Forum on aeroelasticity and structural dynamics, Strasbourg, pp. 118–129, 1993 Google Scholar
15. Bidaux, J.-E., Bataillard, L., Månson, J.-A., Gotthardt, R., “Phase transformation behaviour of thin shape memory alloy wires embedded in a polymer matrix composite”, J. de Physique IV, 3, C7-p. 561–564,. 1993 Google Scholar
16. Bidaux, J.-E., Månson, J.-A., Gotthardt, R., “Dynamic mechanical properties and phase transformation in polymer-based shape memory alloy composites”, Proc. of the First Int. Conf. on Shape Memory and Superelastic Technologies, Asilomar, Pacific Grove, 1994, Pelton, A. R., Hodgson, D. and Duerig, T. Eds., pp. 37–42, 1994 Google Scholar
17. Sun, G., Sun, C. T., “One dimensional constitutive relation for shape-memory alloy-reinforced composite lamina”, J. of Materials Science, 28, pp. 6323–6328, 1993 Google Scholar
18. Brinson, L. C., Lammering, R., “Finite element analysis of the behavior of shape memory alloys and their applications”, Int. J. Solids Structures, 30, pp. 3261–3280, 1993 Google Scholar
19. Bidaux, J.-E., Yu, W.J., Gotthardt, R., Månson, J.-A.E., “Modelling of the martensitic transformation in shape memory alloy composites”, J. de Physique IV, 5, C2-pp. 543–548, 1995 Google Scholar
20. Stalmans, R., Van Humbeeck, J., Delaey, L., “Modelling of the thermomechanical behaviour of shape memory wires embedded in matrix materials”, Proc. of 3rd Int. Conf. on Intell. Materials, Lyon, 1996, pp. 511–516 Google Scholar
21. Tobushi, H., Lin, P. H., Tanaka, K., Lexcellent, C. and Ikai, A., “Deformation properties of NiTi shape memory alloy”, J. de Physique IV, 5, C2–409, 1995 Google Scholar
22. Stachowiak, G., McCormick, P. G., “Shape memory behaviour associated with the R and martensitic transformations in a NiTi alloy”, Acta Metall., 36, pp. 291–297, 1988 Google Scholar
23. Ling, H. C. and Kaplow, R., “Stress-induced shape memory changes and shape memory in the R and martensitic transformations in equiatomic NiTi”, Metall. Trans. A, 12A, pp. 2101–2111, 1981 Google Scholar
24. Miyazaki, S., Liu, Y., Otsuka, K., McCormick, P. G., “Electrical resistance change in a NiTi alloy during a thermal cycle under constant load”, Proc. of the Int. Conf. on Mart. Transf. (ICOMAT-92), MontereyGoogle Scholar