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Gas Phase Electrodeposition: A Programmable Localized Deposition Method for Rapid Combinatorial Investigation of Nanostuctured Devices and 3D Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2012

En-Chiang Lin ,
Jun Fang  and
Heiko O. Jacobs
En-Chiang Lin
Affiliation:
Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Jun Fang
Affiliation:
Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Heiko O. Jacobs
Affiliation:
Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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Abstract

This article applies a recently discovered gas phase nanocluster electrodeposition process to the formation and combinatorial improvement of 3D bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells. The gas phase deposition process used here is a single reactor system that forms charged nanoclusters (gold, silver, tungsten, and platinum) at atmospheric pressure. The clusters deposit onto selected surface areas with sub 100 nm lateral resolution using a programmable concept similar to liquid phase electrodeposition such that biased electrodes turn ON or OFF deposition in selected areas. Continued deposition of the nanoparticles results in a tower array with different lengths and density on a single substrate which is used as contacts to the active organic layer of 3D bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells. Applying a combinatorial approach identifies in a massively parallel way electrode designs and topologies that improve light scattering, absorption, and minority carrier extraction. We report photovoltaic cells with higher and denser nanocluster tower arrays that improve the power conversion efficiency of bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells by approximately 47.7%.

Keywords

electrodepositionnanostructurephotovoltaic
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1439: Symposium N/AA – Nanowires and Nanotubes—Synthesis, Properties, Devices, and Energy Applications of One-Dimensional Materials , 2012 , pp. 57 - 62
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2012

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