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In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Studies of the Solid–Liquid Interface

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

James M. Howe  and
Hiroyasu Saka
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Abstract

In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies allow one to determine the structure, chemistry, and kinetic behavior of solid–liquid (S–L) interfaces with subnanometer spatial resolution. This article illustrates some important contributions of in situ TEM to our understanding of S–L interfaces in Al-Si alloys and liquid In particles in Al and Fe matrices.Four main areas are discussed:ordering in the liquid at a S–L interface, compositional changes across the interface, the kinetics and mechanisms of interface migration, and the contact angles and equilibrium melting temperature of small particles.Results from these studies reveal that (1)partially ordered layers form in the liquid at a Si{111} S–L interface in an Al–Si alloy, (2)the crystalline and compositional changes occur simultaneously across an Al S–L interface, (3)the Al interface is diffuse and its growth can be followed at velocities of a fewnm/s at extremely low undercoolings, and (4)the melting temperature of In particles less than ~ 10 nm in diameter can be raised or lowered in Al or Fe, depending on the contact angle that the S–L interface makes at the three-phase junction. These results illustrate the benefits of in situ TEM for providing fundamental insight into the mechanisms that control the behavior of S–L interfaces in materials.

Keywords

crystal growthkineticsphase transformationpowderssolid–liquid interfacestransmission electron microscopy.
Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 29 , Issue 12: Solid–Liquid Interfaces: Molecular Structure, Thermodynamics, and Crystallization , December 2004 , pp. 951 - 957
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2004

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