Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T08:28:02.506Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Energy Dissipation in Interfacial Friction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2013

Mark O. Robbins  and
Jacqueline Krim
Get access

Extract

In order to gain a fundamental understanding of friction, one must understand how the energy associated with work performed to overcome the frictional force is converted into heat at the molecular level. One of the simplest possible geometries in which friction can occur, and thus be studied, is that of a fluid or crystalline layer adsorbed on the surface of an ideal, atomically flat crystal. This system is ideal for studies of “interfacial” friction—that is, friction attributable to atoms and molecules immediately adjacent to the plane along which sliding occurs. Moreover it is directly accessible to experiments with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) and to theoretical studies through analytic calculations or molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations. The geometry is vastly simpler than that of contact between macroscopic objects in which the friction necessarily reflects the collective behavior of a multitude of buried contacts. (See the article by T. Baumberger and C. Caroli in this issue.) It is also far simpler than a case in which shear occurs within the bulk of a material rather than being confined to an interface. (See the article by D.A. Rigney and J.E. Hammerberg in this issue.) Nonetheless even in this simple geometry, friction can be far from negligible. A remarkable range of shear stresses, from 10−2 to 1010 N/m2, have been measured by a variety of techniques for wear-free geometries involving contact between crystalline interfaces.

Type
Fundamentals of Friction
Information
MRS Bulletin , Volume 23 , Issue 6 , June 1998 , pp. 23 - 26
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Krim, J., Sci. Am. 275 (1996) p. 74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Cieplak, M., Smith, E.D., and Robbins, M.O., Science 265 (1994) p. 1209; E.D. Smith, M.O. Robbins, and M. Cieplak, Phys. Rev. B 54 (11) (1996) p. 8252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Persson, B.N.J., Science 44 (1991) p. 3277.Google Scholar
4.Sokoloff, J.B., Science 52 (1995) p. 5318; M.S. Tomassone and A. Widom, Science. 56 (1997) p. 4938.Google Scholar
5.Dowson, D., History of Tribology (Longman, London, 1979).Google Scholar
6.Daly, C. and Krim, J., Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 (1996) p. 803.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Mak, C. and Krim, J., Phys. Rev. B in press.Google Scholar
8.Krim, J. and Widom, A., Phys. Rev. B. 38 (1988) p. 12184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Krim, J., Solina, D.H., and Chiarello, R., Phys. Rev. Lett. 66 (1991) p. 181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Bruch, L.W., Cole, M.W., and Zaremba, E., Physical Adsorption: Forces and Phenomena (Oxford University Press, New York, 1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Braun, J., Fuhrmann, D., Siber, A., Gumhalter, B., and Wöll, Ch., Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 (1998) p. 125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Hirano, M. and Shinjo, K., Phys. Rev. B 41 (1990) p. 11837; M. Hiranox, K. Shinjo, R. Kaneko, and Y. Murata, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 (1997) p. 1448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Tomassone, M.S., Sokoloff, J.B., Widom, A., and Krim, J., Rev. Lett. 79 (1997) p. 4798.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.Persson, B.N.J. and Nitzan, A., Surf. Sci. 367 (1996) p. 261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Dayo, A., Alnasrallah, W., and Krim, J., Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 (1998) p. 1690.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Robbins, M.O. and Smith, E.D., Langmuir 12 (1996) p. 4543.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Gee, M.L., McGuiggan, P.M., Israelachvili, J.N., and Homola, A.M., J. Chem. Phys. 93 (1991) p. 1895; S. Granick, Science 253 (1991) p. 1374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Thompson, P.A., Grest, G.S., and Robbins, M.O., Phys. Rev. Lett. 68 (1992) p. 3448; P.A. Thompson, M.O. Robbins, and G.S. Grest, Israel J. Chem. 35 (1995) p. 93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar