Hostname: page-component-6587cd75c8-gglxz Total loading time: 0.001 Render date: 2025-04-24T03:34:34.540Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Behavior of Polyelectrolyte Gels in Concentrated Solutions of Highly Soluble Salts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 January 2020

Jessica L. Sargent ,
Xunkai Chen ,
Mitchell C. Brezina ,
Sebastian Aldwin ,
John A. Howarter  and
Kendra A. Erk
Jessica L. Sargent
Affiliation:
School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
Xunkai Chen
Affiliation:
School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
Mitchell C. Brezina
Affiliation:
School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
Sebastian Aldwin
Affiliation:
School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
John A. Howarter
Affiliation:
School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
Kendra A. Erk*
Affiliation:
School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
*
*(Email: erk@purdue.edu)
Get access

Abstract

Ionic hydrogels are an abundant class of materials with applications ranging from drug delivery devices to high performance concrete to baby diapers. A more thorough understanding of interactions between polyelectrolyte networks and ionic solutes is critical as these materials are further tailored for performance applications in highly targeted ionic environments. In this work, we seek to develop structure-property relationships between polyelectrolyte gels and environments containing high concentrations of multivalent ions. Specifically, this work seeks to elucidate the causes behind differences in hydrogel response to divalent ions of main group metals versus transition metals. PANa-co-PAM hydrogels containing low and high fractions of ionic groups are investigated in solutions of DI water, NaCl, CaCl2, and CuSO4 at concentrations ranging from 5 to 100 mM in order to understand 1) the transient or permanent nature of crosslinks produced in these networks by divalent counter-ions, 2) the role of polymer ionic content in these interactions, and 3) how these interactions scale with salt concentration. Gravimetric swelling and mechanical compression testing are employed to characterize water and salt-swollen hydrogels in order to develop guiding principles to control and manipulate material properties through polymer-counter-ion interactions. The work presented here confirms the formation of permanent crosslinks by transition metal ions, offers explanation for the behavioral discrepancy observed between ionic hydrogels and main group versus transition metal ions, and illustrates how such hydrogel properties scale with counter-ion concentration.

Keywords

polymerwaterbondingelastic propertiesresponsive
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 5 , Issue 17: Soft Materials and Biomaterials , 2020 , pp. 907 - 915
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

References:

Peppas, N. A., Bures, P., Leobandung, W. and Ichikawa, H., Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 50, 27-46 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nayak, S. and Lyan, L. A., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 44, 7686-7708 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rybtchinski, B., ACS Nano 5 (9), 6791-6818 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, Q., Barney, C. W. and Erk, K. A., Mater. Struct. 48, 2261-2276 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cui, H., Zhao, Q., Wang, Y. and Du, X., Chem. - Asian J. 14, 2369-2387 (2019).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ricka, J. and Tanaka, T., Macromolecules 17, 2916-2921 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muthukumar, M., Macromolecules 50 (24), 9528-9560 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De, S. K., Aluru, N. R., Johnson, B., Crone, W. C., Beebe, D. J. and Moore, J., J. Microelectromech. Syst. 11 (5), 544-555 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, H., Ng, T. Y., Yew, Y. K. and Lam, K. Y., Biomacromolecules 6, 109-120 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sing, C. E., Zwanikken, J. W. and de la Cruz, M. O., Macromolecules 46, 5053-5065 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chremos, A. and Douglas, J. F., Gels 4 (20) (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horkay, F. and Douglas, J. F., in Gels and Other Soft Amorphous Solids, edited by Horkay, F., Douglas, J. F. and Del Gado, E. (Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1296, Washington, D.C., 2018) pp. 1-13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horkay, F., Tasaki, I. and Basser, P. J., Biomacromolecules 2, 195-199 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gemeinhart, R. A., Chen, J., Park, H. and Park, K., J. Biomater. Sci., Polym. Ed. 11 (12), 1371-1380 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bajpai, S. K. and Johnson, S., React. Funct. Polym. 62, 271-283 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mudiyanselage, T. K. and Neckers, D. C., Soft Matter 4, 768-774 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laftah, W. A., Hashim, S. and Ibrahim, A. N., Polym.-Plast. Technol. Eng. 50 (14), 1475-1486 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krafcik, M. J. and Erk, K. A., Mater. Struct. 49, 4765-4778 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krafcik, M. J., Macke, N. D. and Erk, K. A., Gels 3 (46) (2017).Google Scholar
Davis, C. R., Kelly, S. L. and Erk, K. A., J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 135 (14) (2017).Google Scholar
ASTM Standard D1193, 1951 (2018), “Standard Specification for Reagent Water,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2018, DOI: 10.1520/D1193-06R18, www.astm.org.Google Scholar
Shull, K. R., Mater. Sci. Eng., R 36, 1-45 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horkay, F., Tasaki, I. and Basser, P. J., Biomacromolecules 1, 84-90 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Millero, F. J., Feistel, R., Wright, D. G. and McDougall, T. J., Deep Sea Res., Part I 55, 50-72 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vollpracht, A., Lothenbach, B., Snellings, R. and Haufe, J., Mater. Struct. 49, 3341-3367 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aakeroy, C. B. and Beatty, A. M., in Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry II: From Biology to Nanotechnology, edited by McCleverty, J. A. and Meyer, T. J. (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2003).Google Scholar