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The Eurozone crisis and Italian corporate governance: the end of blockholding?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 May 2016

Fabio Bulfone*
Affiliation:
Department of Political and Social Sciences, European University Institute, Florence, Italy
*

Abstract

This article explains the process of change in domestic corporate governance. An actor-centred coalitional approach is applied to the Italian case to show how the main features of domestic corporate governance are a product of behavioural patterns (i.e. informal institutions), rather than formal legislation. Leveraging their superior financial means, business elites act as institutional incumbents shaping these informal institutions according to their preferences. It is argued that a change in corporate practices is more likely to be triggered by a socio-economic crisis, which weakens the domestic elite's influence, rather than a legal reform. These findings call into question the excessively formalistic approach of many corporate governance scholars, and are confirmed by the Italian trajectory. After having resisted 20 years of liberalising legal reforms aimed at eroding their power, Italian blockholders are now being forced, as a consequence of the Eurozone sovereign debt crisis, to dismantle their cross-shareholding networks.

Il presente articolo si propone di analizzare le dinamiche di cambiamento delle pratiche di corporate governance domestiche. Mediante l'applicazione di un ‘modello coalizionale focalizzato sugli attori’ si dimostra come le principali pratiche di corporate governance domestiche siano determinate da modelli comportamentali, altrimenti detti istituzioni informali, piuttosto che dalla legislazione formale. Le ingenti risorse di cui dispongono hanno consentito alle elite finanziarie di avere un ruolo decisivo nella creazione di istituzioni informali che rispondessero ai propri interessi. Verrà dimostrato come sia più probabile che un cambiamento radicale delle pratiche di corporate governance avvenga a seguito di una profonda crisi socio-economica, tale da indebolire le elite finanziare, piuttosto che a causa di riforme legislative. Tali risultati mettono in discussione l'approccio eminentemente formalistico di molti studi di corporate governance, e trovano conferma nel caso italiano. Dopo essersi opposti con successo a due decenni di riforme di corporate governance volte a erodere il loro potere, le grandi famiglie del capitalismo italiano sono ora costrette dalla crisi dell'Eurozona a smantellare le loro reti di partecipazioni incrociate.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © 2015 Association for the study of Modern Italy 

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