Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T07:34:33.749Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The system Pd–Ag–S: phase relations and mineral assemblages

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2020

Anna Vymazalová Open the ORCID record for Anna Vymazalová [Opens in a new window] ,
František Laufek ,
Alexandr V. Kristavchuk  and
Dmitriy A. Chareev
Anna Vymazalová*
Affiliation:
Czech Geological Survey, Geologická 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
František Laufek
Affiliation:
Czech Geological Survey, Geologická 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
Alexandr V. Kristavchuk
Affiliation:
Institute of Experimental Mineralogy (IEM RAS), 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia
Dmitriy A. Chareev
Affiliation:
Institute of Experimental Mineralogy (IEM RAS), 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg620002, Russia Kazan Federal University, Kazan420008, Russia
*
*Author for correspondence: Anna Vymazalová, Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Phase equilibria in the system Pd–Ag–S were studied using the silica-glass tube method at 400°C and 550°C. In the system we synthesised three ternary phases: coldwellite (Pd3Ag2S), kravtsovite (PdAg2S) and a new phase Pd13Ag3S4. At 400°С, coldwellite forms a stable association with vysotskite (PdS) and vasilite (Pd16S7); vysotskite and kravtsovite; phase Pd4S and a Ag–Pd alloy; it also coexists with a new phase Pd13Ag3S4. Kravtsovite is stable up to 507°C; the presence of kravtsovite in the mineral assemblage reflects its formation below this temperature. The occurrence of coldwellite, vysotskite and Ag2S together in equilibrium reflects the formation of this mineral assemblage above this temperature (507°C). Coldwellite is stable up at 940°С. Mineral assemblages defined in this study can be expected in Cu–Ni–PGE mineral deposits, associated with mafic and ultramafic igneous rocks, in particular in mineralisations with known silver–palladium sulfides.

Keywords

Pd–Ag–S systemphase relationsphase diagramplatinum-group mineralscoldwellitekravtsovitevysotskitevasilitephase Pd13Ag3S4
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 84 , Issue 1 , February 2020 , pp. 125 - 130
Copyright
Copyright © Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor: David Hibbs

References

Ames, D.E., Kjarsgaad, I.M., McDonald, A.M. and Good, D.J. (2017) Insights into the extreme PGE enrichment of the W Horizon, Marathon Cu–Pd deposit, Coldwell Alkaline Complex, Canada: Platinum-group mineralogy, compositions and genetic implications. Ore Geology Reviews, 90, 723–747.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anatasov, A.V. (1990) Vasilite, (Pd,Cu)16(S,Te)7, a new mineral species from Novoseltsi, Bulgaria. The Canadian Mineralogist, 28, 687–689.Google Scholar
Augé, T. and Legendre, O. (1992) Pt–Fe nuggets from alluvial deposits in Eastern Madagascar. The Canadian Mineralogist, 30, 983–1004.Google Scholar
Cabri, L.J., Laflamme, J.H.G., Turner, K. and Skinner, B.J. (1978) On cooperite, braggite, and vysotskite. American Mineralogist, 63, 832–839.Google Scholar
El-Boragy, M. and Schubert, K. (1971) Kristallstrukturen einiger ternaerer Phasen in T–B–B''–Systemen. Zeitschrift für Metallkunde, 62, 667–675.Google Scholar
Emmons, R.C., Stockwell, C.H. and Jones, R.H.B. (1926) Argentite and acanthite. American Mineralogist, 11, 326–328.Google Scholar
Gaskell, T.F. (1937) The structure of braggite and palladium sulphide. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Kristallgeometrie, Kristallphysik, Kristallchemie, 96, 203–213.Google Scholar
Genkin, A.D. and Zvyagintsev, O.E. (1962) Vysotskite, a new sulfide of palladium and nickel. Zapiski Vsesoyuznogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva, 91, 718–725.Google Scholar
Good, D.J., Cabri, L.J. and Ames, D.E. (2017) PGM Facies variations for Cu–PGE deposits in the Coldwell Alkaline Complex, Ontario, Canada. Ore Geology Reviews, 90, 748–771.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grønvold, F. and Rost, E. (1957) The crystal structure of PdSe2 and PdS2. Acta Crystallographica, 10, 329–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grønvold, F. and Rost, E. (1962) The crystal structure of Pd4Se and Pd4S. Acta Crystallographica, 15, 11–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karakaya, I. and Thompson, W.T. (1988) The Ag–Pd (silver–palladium) system. Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams, 9, 237–243.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, S-J., Miller, G.J. and Corbett, J.D. (2010) Zigzag chains of alternating atoms in A2AuBi (A = Na, K) and K2AuSb. Synthesis, structure, and bonding. Zeitschrift für Anorganishe und Allgemeine Chemie, 636, 67–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matković, P., El-Boragy, M. and Schubert, K. (1976) Kristallstruktur von Pd16S7. Journal of Less-Common Metals, 50, 165–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDonald, A.M, Cabri, L.J., Stanley, C.J., Good, D.J., Redpath, J. and Spratt, J. (2015) Coldwellite, Pd3Ag2S, a new mineral species from the Marathon deposit, Coldwell Complex, Ontario, Canada. The Canadian Mineralogist, 53, 845–857.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Okamoto, H. (1992) Pd–S (palladium–sulfur). Journal of Phase Equilibria, 13, 106–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raub, E., Wullhorst, B. and Plate, W. (1954) Über die Reaktion von Silber–Palladium–Legierungen mit Schwefel bei erhöhter Temperatur. Zeitschrift für Metallkunde, 45, 533–537.Google Scholar
Rodríguez-Carvajal, J. (2006) FullProf.2k Rietveld Profile Matching & Integrated Intensities Refinement of X-ray and/or Neutron Data (powder and/or single-crystal). Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Centre d´Etudes de Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.Google Scholar
Rost, E. and Vestersjoe, E. (1968) The crystal structure of the high temperature phase Pd3S. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, 22, 819–826.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seversen, M.J. and Hauck, S.A. (2003) Platinum group elements (PGEs) and platinum group minerals (PGMs) in the Duluth Complex. Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Technical Report, NRRI/TR–2003/37.Google Scholar
Sharma, R.C. and Chang, Y.A. (1986) The Ag–S (silver–sulfur) system. Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams, 7, 263–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sluzhenikin, S.F. and Mokhov, A.V. (2015) Gold and silver in PGE–Cu–Ni and PGE ores of the Noril`sk deposit, Russia. Mineralium Deposita, 50, 465–492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sluzhenikin, S.F., Kozlov, V.V., Stanley, C.J., Lukashova, M.I. and Dicks, K. (2018) Vymazalováite, Pd3Bi2S2, a new mineral from Noril'sk–Talnakh deposit, Krasnoyarskiy region, Russia. Mineralogical Magazine, 82, 367–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sluzhenikin, S.F. (2011) Platinum–copper–nickel and platinum ores of Noril'sk region and their ore mineralization. Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 81, 1288–1301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Subbotin, V.V., Korchagin, A.U. and Savchenko, E.E. (2012) Platinum mineralization of the Fedorova–Pana ore node: types of ores, mineral compositions and genetic features. Pp. 54–65 in: Vestnick of the Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Apatity, 2012 [in Russian].Google Scholar
Tolstykh, N., Sidorov, E. and Kozlov, A. (2009) Platinum-group minerals from the Olkhovaya-1 placers related to the Karaginsky ophiolite complex, Kamchatskiy Mys peninsula, Russia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 47, 1057–1074.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vymazalová, A., Chareev, D.A., Kristavchuk, A.V., Laufek, F. and Drábek, M. (2014) The system Ag–Pd–Se: Phase relations involving minerals and potential new minerals. The Canadian Mineralogist, 52, 77–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vymazalová, A., Laufek, F., Drábek, M., Kistavchuk, A.V. and Chareev, D.A. (2015 a) An overview on silver–palladium chalcogenides. Pp. 987–989 in: Mineral Resources in a Sustainable World (Andre Mayer, A.-S., editor). Proceedings of the 13th Biennial SGA Meeting, Nancy, France. Vol. 3.Google Scholar
Vymazalová, A., Laufek, F., Kristavchuk, A.V., Chareev, D.A. and Drábek, M. (2015 b) The system Ag–Pd–Te: phase relations and mineral assemblages. Mineralogical Magazine, 79, 1813–1832.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vymazalová, A., Laufek, F., Sluzhenikin, S.F., Kozlov, V.V., Stanley, C.J., Plášil, J., Zaccarini, F., Garuti, G. and Bakker, R. (2018) Thalhammerite, Pd9Ag2Bi2S4, a new mineral from the Talnakh and Oktyabrsk deposits, Noril'sk region, Russia. Minerals, 8, 339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vymazalová, A., Laufek, F., Sluzhenikin, S.F., Stanley, C.J., Kozlov, V.V., Chareev, D.A. and Lukashova, M.L. (2017) Kravtsovite, PdAg2S, a new mineral from Noril`sk–Talnakh deposit, Russia. European Journal of Mineralogy, 29, 597–602.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weibke, F. and Laar, J. (1935) Über die niederen Sulfide des Palladiums Das Zustandsdiagramm des Systems Pd–PdS. Zeitschrift für Anorganishe und Allgemeine Chemie, 224, 49–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar