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Kerimasite, Ca3Zr2(Fe23+Si)O12, a new garnet from carbonatites of Kerimasi volcano and surrounding explosion craters, northern Tanzania

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2018

A. N. Zaitsev ,
C. T. Williams ,
S. N. Britvin ,
I. V. Kuznetsova ,
J. Spratt ,
S. V. Petrov  and
J. Keller
A. N. Zaitsev*
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, Faculty of Geology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
C. T. Williams
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
S. N. Britvin
Affiliation:
Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Geology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
I. V. Kuznetsova
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg University of Technology and Design, Bolshaya Morskaya ul. 18, St. Petersburg 191186, Russia
J. Spratt
Affiliation:
Department of Mineralogy, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
S. V. Petrov
Affiliation:
Department of Mineral Deposits, Faculty of Geology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
J. Keller
Affiliation:
Institut für Geowissenschaften, Mineralogie-Geochemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 23b, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Kerimasite, ideally is a new calcium zirconium silicate-ferrite member of the garnet group from the extinct nephelinitic volcano Kerimasi and surrounding explosion craters in northern Tanzania. The mineral occurs as subhedral crystals up to 100 μm in size in calcite carbonatites, and as euhedral to subhedral crystals up to 180 μm in size in carbonatite eluvium. Kerimasite is light to dark-brown in colour and transparent with a vitreous lustre. No cleavage or parting was observed and the mineral is brittle. The calculated density is 4.105(1) g/cm3. The micro-indentation, VHN25, ranges from 1168 to 1288 kg/mm2. Kerimasite is isotropic with n = 1.945(5). The average chemical formula of the mineral derived from electron microprobe analyses (sample K 94-25) and calculated for O = 12 and all Fe as Fe2O3 is (Ca3.00Mn0.01Ce0.01Nd0.01)Σ3.03(Zr1.72Nb0.14Ti0.08Mg0.02Y0.02)Σ1.98(Ti0.09)Σ3.00O12. The largest Fe content determined in kerimasite is 21.6 wt.% Fe2O3 and this value corresponds to 1.66 a.p.f.u. in the tetrahedral site. Kerimasite is cubic, space group with a = 12.549(1) Å, V = 1976.2(4) Å3 and Z = 8. The five strongest powder-diffraction lines [d in Å, (I/Io), hkl] are: 4.441 (49) (220), 3.140 (91) (400), 2.808 (70) (420), 2.564 (93) (422) and 1.677 (100) (642). Single-crystal structure refinement revealed the typical structure of the garnet-group minerals. The name is given after the locality, Kerimasi volcano, Tanzania.

Keywords

kerimasitekimzeyitegarnetnew mineralcarbonatitechemical compositioncrystal structureKerimasiLoluniKiseteLoolmurwakTanzania
Type
Research Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 74 , Issue 5 , October 2010 , pp. 803 - 820
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2010

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