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Goldhillite, Cu5Zn(AsO4)2(OH)6⋅H2O, a new mineral species, and redefinition of philipsburgite, Cu5Zn[(AsO4)(PO4)](OH)6⋅H2O, as an As–P ordered species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 May 2022

Rezeda M. Ismagilova Open the ORCID record for Rezeda M. Ismagilova [Opens in a new window] ,
Branko Rieck ,
Anthony R. Kampf Open the ORCID record for Anthony R. Kampf [Opens in a new window] ,
Gerald Giester Open the ORCID record for Gerald Giester [Opens in a new window] ,
Elena S. Zhitova Open the ORCID record for Elena S. Zhitova [Opens in a new window] ,
Christian L. Lengauer ,
Sergey V. Krivovichev Open the ORCID record for Sergey V. Krivovichev [Opens in a new window] ,
Andrey A. Zolotarev ,
Justyna Ciesielczuk  and
Julia A. Mikhailova Open the ORCID record for Julia A. Mikhailova [Opens in a new window]
...Show all authors
Rezeda M. Ismagilova*
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Branko Rieck
Affiliation:
Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Austria
Anthony R. Kampf
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007, United States of America
Gerald Giester
Affiliation:
Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Austria
Elena S. Zhitova
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Boulevard Piip 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia
Christian L. Lengauer
Affiliation:
Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Austria
Sergey V. Krivovichev
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia Nanomaterials Research Centre, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman Street 14, Apatity 184209, Russia
Andrey A. Zolotarev
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Justyna Ciesielczuk
Affiliation:
Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, Będzińska 60, 41–200 Sosnowiec, Poland
Julia A. Mikhailova
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman Street 14, Apatity 184209, Russia
Dmitry I. Belakovsky
Affiliation:
Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 18-2, Moscow 119071, Russia
Vladimir N. Bocharov
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Vladimir V. Shilovskikh
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Natalia S. Vlasenko
Affiliation:
St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
Barbara P. Nash
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States of America
Paul M. Adams
Affiliation:
Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007, United States of America
*
*Author for correspondence: Rezeda M. Ismagilova, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Philipsburgite has been redefined as the intermediate member of the goldhillite–philipsburgite–kipushite isomorphous series with the ideal formula Cu5Zn[(AsO4)(PO4)](OH)6⋅H2O due to the site-selective As–P substitution. The new mineral goldhillite, ideally Cu5Zn(AsO4)2(OH)6⋅H2O [or Cu5Zn(AsO4)(AsO4)(OH)6⋅H2O], is the arsenate end-member of this series. Goldhillite occurs on fracture surfaces in a rock comprised mostly of quartz with iron hydroxides in association with mixite, cornwallite and conichalcite. Goldhillite forms transparent, bright emerald-green, tabular crystals with vitreous lustre, flattened on {100}, up to 1 mm across and in rosettes up to 1.5 mm. The mineral is brittle with uneven fracture and perfect cleavage on {100}; the Mohs hardness is 3.5. The calculated density for the holotype is 4.199 g cm–3. The Raman spectrum is consistent with the presence of H2O-molecules, OH-groups, AsO4 tetrahedra and traces of PO4. Electron microprobe analyses of goldhillite (H2O content based on the crystal structure) provided: CuO 48.91, ZnO 13.18, As2O5 26.06, P2O5 3.25, H2O 8.97, total 100.37 wt.%. The empirical formula for goldhillite based on O = 15 apfu is (Cu4.69Zn1.23)Σ5.92(As0.86P0.18O4)2(OH)5.61⋅H2O. The crystal structures of goldhillite and philipsburgite were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and refined to R1 = 0.054 (for 2365 I > 2σI reflections) and 0.052 (for 2308 I > 2σI reflections), respectively. Goldhillite is monoclinic, P21/c, a = 12.3573(5), b = 9.2325(3), c = 10.7163(4) Å, β = 97.346(4)°, V = 1212.59(8) Å3 and Z = 4. Philipsburgite is monoclinic, P21/c, a = 12.3095(9), b = 9.2276(3), c = 10.7195(3) Å, β = 97.137(7)°, V = 1208.16(10) Å3 and Z = 4. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of goldhillite [d, Å (I, %)(hkl)] are: 4.09 (28)(300), 3.41 (23)(12$\bar{2}$, 221, 311), 2.57 (100)(132, 11$\bar{4}$, 20$\bar{4}$), 2.17 (18)(42$\bar{3}$, 332), 1.95 (22)(432) and 1.54 (20)(13$\bar{6}$, 060). Goldhillite is named after its type locality, the Gold Hill mine, Tooele County, Utah, USA.

Keywords

goldhillitenew mineralphilipsburgitekipushiteAs–P orderingcrystal structureRaman spectroscopyGold Hill mineBlack Pine mineKamariza minesSilver Coin mine
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , Volume 86 , Issue 3 , June 2022 , pp. 436 - 446
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Juraj Majzlan

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