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Mantle Heterogeneity and Evolution: The Role of Fluids and Melts


This special issue aims to provide a platform for researchers to share their latest findings and insights on the topics addressed at the European Mineralogical Conference EMC 2024 (https://emc-2024.org/) under the theme : “Mantle mineralogy and mantle melting (petrology, geochemistry and mineral physics)” [sessions 26-28]. 

Researchers who were unable to attend the meeting and work in related fields, are very welcome to offer papers. 

We welcome contributions from a wide range of researchers, including field studies, experimental work and modelling. Potential topics may include but are not limited to:

Session 26/28 : Origin and composition of CO2-bearing fluids and melts as transport agents between mantle and crust:

  • COH fluids, volatile-rich silicate and carbonatitic melts are key agents transporting heat and mass between mantle and crust, producing the geochemical differentiation of Earth, triggering the genesis of ores, and controlling the deep cycle of volatiles such as CO2 and H2O through geologic time. Such fluids and melts play a profound role in various tectonic settings. For instance, fluids released from the subducted slab metasomatize the mantle wedge to eventually produce arc magmas, which let continental crust grow. Thus, subduction zones are considered as the main locus for the growth of continental crust. In addition, magmatism in collisional orogens and anorogenic intraplate settings are important for the growth and differentiation of continental crust. Fluids also modulate the exchange and recycling of material, such as carbon, between Earth’s mantle reservoirs and surface. As an example, carbonatitic melts are often associated with continental rift-related settings. All these processes triggered by COH fluid and melts are strongly dependent on their chemical and physical properties. Over the last years much progress has been made to characterize the origin and main properties of deep, CO2 bearing fluids and melts, such as their volatile and trace element content, to better link surface observations to processes at depth. This session aims to bring together scientists from a broad range of disciplines to discuss the origin, nature and processes involving COH fluids and volatile-rich silicate and carbonatitic melts. We welcome contributions based on, but not limited to, field observation, petrology, geochemistry, experimental petrology, and numerical and thermodynamic modelling. In particularly, we invite discussion on (i) major and trace element composition of deep fluids, (ii) petrological records of CO2 bearing fluids and melts (e.g. melt/fluid inclusions, metasomatized xenoliths, and multicomponent mineral fluid/melt systems), (iii) implications on crustal growth and differentiation, ore deposit genesis, and deep volatile cycles; and (iv) the establishment and applications of novel analytical techniques, computational models, and interdisciplinary approaches.


  • In subduction environments fluids produced by mineral decomposition can contain variable proportions of C, H, S, halogens and other volatile species. These compounds play a pivotal role in regulating the mass transfers between the crust and the mantle: They are responsible for a variety of geological processes that include metamorphism, metasomatism, metal mobilization, redox transformations, and production of volcanic gaseous emissions. Feedback between these processes control the extent to which volatiles are released, exchanged and stored between Earth’s geochemical reservoirs on geologic timescales. Addressing these points is critical to quantifying fluid-mediated tectonometamorphic processes, the distribution and resource potential of arc-related ore deposits, and evolution of Earth’s climate. In this session contributions providing multi-scale insights on the cycle of C, H, S, halogens and other volatile species through field studies, experiments and modeling are equally encouraged.


Session 27. All change: subsolidus, melting, volatile and redox reactions in the upper mantle :

  • Changes in these parameters, and the reactions by which they occur, are critical for understanding mantle heterogeneity and evolution. In this session, we invite contributions that provide insight into reactions in the lithospheric mantle, convecting mantle and transition zone from the Archaean to the present day. This includes, but is not limited to, geochemical analysis of mantle derived samples and mantle-derived melts, as well as experimental studies and thermodynamic modelling. Particular topics of interest include: (1) solid state diffusion and metasomatism in the upper mantle; (2) processes at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary; (3) assimilation and reaction during magma ascent; (4) mantle melting and differentiation; and (5) redox reactions in the deep mantle. We also welcome contributions that address the question of how and why these processes have varied over time.


Further information about the journal is available here.

Don't hesitate to contact us if you have any questions.

Caterina Melai and Michele Rinaldi

[email protected]; [email protected]

Guest Editors, Mineralogical Magazine


The Mineralogical Magazine is published by the Mineralogical Society of the UK and Ireland, a not-for-profit society in partnership with CUP.  To support OA publishing, CUP offer a variety of waivers and discounts which means you may not have to pay an APC, including agreements negotiated by your institution. To check your eligibility, please visit: https://www.cambridge.org/core/eligibility-checker

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