Hostname: page-component-669899f699-qzcqf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-25T13:01:53.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

An Archaeological Classification of Culture Contact Situations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2018

Gordon R. Willey ,
Charles C. Di Peso ,
William A. Ritchie ,
Irving Rouse ,
John H. Rowe  and
Donald W. Lathrap
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The authors of this paper met at Harvard University in July, 1955, to discuss the theoretical problems which arise in the study of culture contact situations in archaeology. The subject of contacts between cultures is one in which ethnologists have long been interested, and there is a substantial body of literature, both descriptive and theoretical, on contemporary and recent historic situations of this kind. Archaeological interest in the subject is somewhat more recent, but a few excellent reports on specific examples have appeared which we could use as a basis for our discussions. We believe that this paper is only the second attempt to contribute something to this field by generalization from archaeological data (Willeyl953).

Type
Research Article
Information
Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology , Volume 11: Seminars in Archaeology: 1955 , 1955 , pp. 2 - 30
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 1955

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

References Cited

Armillas, Pedro 1951 Teotihuacán, Tula, y los Toltecas. Runa, Vol. 3, pp. 37-70. Buenos Aires.Google Scholar
Bagby, Philip H. 1953 Culture and the Causes of Culture. American Anthropologist, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 535-54. Menasha.Google Scholar
Beardsley, Richard K. 1955 Japan Before History: A Survey of the Archaeological Record. The Far Eastern Quarterly, Vol. 14, pp. 317-46. Ann Arbor.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, Mark F., Smith, Hale G., and Griffin, John W. 1951 Here They Once Stood. University of Florida Press, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Brackett, Oliver 1925 Thomas Chippendale. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.Google Scholar
Bradfield, Wesley 1931 Cameron Creek Village: A Site in the Mimbres Area in Grant County, New Mexico. Monographs of the School of American Research, No. 1. Santa Fe.Google Scholar
Butler, Mary 1940 A Pottery Sequence from the Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. I. The Maya and Their Neighbors, edited by Hay, C. L. and others, pp. 250-67. D. Appleton-Century, New York.Google Scholar
Cosgrove, H. S. and Cosgrove, C. B. 1932 The Swarts Ruin: A Typical Mimbres Site in Southwestern New Mexico. Papers of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University. Vol. 15, No. 1. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Cram, Ralph Adams 1905 Impressions of Japanese Architecture and the Allied Arts. Baker and Taylor, New York.Google Scholar
Danson, Edward B. and Wallace, Robert M. 1956 A Petrographic Study of Gila Polychrome. American Antiquity, Vol. 22, No. 2. Salt Lake City. (In Press.)Google Scholar
Dillon, Edward 1904 Porcelain. G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Di Peso, Charles C. 1951 The Babocomari Village Site on the Babocomari River, Southeastern Arizona. The Amerind Foundation, No. 5. Dragoon.Google Scholar
Di Peso, Charles C. 1953 The Sobaipuri Indians of the Upper San Pedro Valley, Southeastern Arizona. The Amerind Foundation, No. 6. Dragoon.Google Scholar
Di Peso, Charles C. 1956 The Upper Pima of San Cayetano del Tumacacori: An Archaeohistorical Reconstruction of the Ootam of Pimeria Alta. The Amerind Foundation, No. 7. Dragoon.Google Scholar
Entwisle, E. A. 1954 Th. Book of Wallpaper. A History and an Appreciation. Arthur Baker, London.Google Scholar
Fairbanks, Charles H. 1950 A Preliminary Segregation of Etowah, Savannah, and Lamar. American Antiquity, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp 142-51. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Fairbanks, Charles H. 1952 Creek and Pre-Creek. I. Archaeology of Eastern United States, edited by Griffin, James B., pp. 285–300. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Fenton, William N. 1940 Problems Arising from the Historic Northeastern Position of the Iroquois. In “Essays in Historical Anthropology of North America.”. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 100, pp. 159-257. Washington.Google Scholar
Ford, James A. 1951 Greenhouse: A Troyville-Coles Creek Period Site in Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. 44, Pt. 1. New York.Google Scholar
Ford, James A. 1952 Measurements of Some Prehistoric Design Developments in the Southeastern States. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. 44, Pt. 3. New YorkGoogle Scholar
Frankfort, Henri 1951 The Birth of Civilization in the Near East. Indiana University Press, Bloomington.Google Scholar
Frankfort, Henri 1955 The Art and Architecture of the Ancient Orient. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth.Google Scholar
Gabb, William M. 1881 On the Topography and Geology of Santo Domingo. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, n.s., Vol. 15, pp. 49-259. Philadelphia.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gladwin, H. S. and Others 1937 Excavations at Snaketown: Material Culture. Medallion Papers, No. 25. Globe.Google Scholar
Groot, Gerard J. 1951 The Prehistory of Japan. Columbia University Press, New York.Google Scholar
Harada, Yoshito 1930 Lo Lang: A Report of the Excavation of Wang Hsu's Tomb in the “Lo-Lang” Province, an Ancient Chinese Colony in Korea. Toko Shoin, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Harada, Yoshito 1939 The Interchange of Eastern and Western Cultures as Evidence in the Shosoin Treasures. Memoirs of the Research Department of the Tokyo Bunko, No. 11, pp. 55–78. Tokyo.Google Scholar
Harrington, M. R. 1921 Cuba Before Columbus. Part I. 2 vols. Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, Indian Notes and Monographs, Misc. 17. New York.Google Scholar
Hatt, Gudmund 1953 Early Intrusion of Agriculture in the North Atlantic, Subarctic Region. Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 51–100. College.Google Scholar
Haury, Emil W. 1945 The Excavation of Los Muertos and Neighboring Ruins in the Salt River Valley, Southern Arizona. Papers of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Vol. 24, No. 1. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Heizer, Robert F. 1944 Artifact Transport by Migratory Animals and Other Means. American Antiquity, Vol. 9, pp. 395-400. Menasha.Google Scholar
Kantor, Helene J. 1952 Further Evidence for Early Mesopotamian Relations with Egypt. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 239-50. Chicago.Google Scholar
Kelly, A. R. 1938 A Preliminary Report on Archeological Exploration at Macon, Georgia. In “Anthropological Papers,”. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 119, pp. 1–68. Washington.Google Scholar
Kidder, A. V., Jennings, Jesse D., and Shook, Edwin M. 1946 Excavations at Kaminaljuyu, Guatemala. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 561, Washington.Google Scholar
Krieger, Herbert W. 1929 Archeological and Historical Investigations in Samana, Dominican Republic. United States National Museum, Bulletin 147. Washington.Google Scholar
Kroeber, A. L., and Strong, William Duncan 1924a The Uhle Collections from Chincha. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 1–54. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Kroeber, A. L., and Strong, William Duncan 1924b The Uhle Pottery Collections from lea. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 95–133. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Longyear, John M. III 1940 The Ethnological Significance of Copan Pottery. I. The Maya and Their Neighbors, edited by Hay, C. L. and others, pp. 268-71. D. Appleton Century, New York.Google Scholar
MacNeish, Richard S. 1952 Iroquois Pottery Types: A Technique for the Study of Iroquois Prehistory. National Museum of Canada, Bulletin 124. Ottawa.Google Scholar
Mathiassen, Therkel 1930 Inugsuk: A Mediaeval Eskimo Settlement in Upernivik, West Greenland. Meddelelser om Greenland, Vol. 77. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Mathiassen, Therkel 1937 The Eskimo Archaeology of Greenland. Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1936, pp. 397–400. Washington, D. C.Google Scholar
Mathiassen, Therkel and Holtved, Erik 1936 The Eskimo Archaeology of Julianehaab District. Meddelelser om Grønland, Vol. 118, No. 1. Copenhagen.Google Scholar
Menzel, Dorothy 1954 The Late lea Pottery of Ancient Peru. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Merwin, Raymond E. and Vaillant, George C. 1932 The Ruins of Holmul, Guatemala. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Vol. 3. No. 2. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Morss, Noel 1954 Clay Figurines of the American Southwest. Papers of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Vol. 44, No. 1. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Oberman, Hugo and Kuhn, Herbert 1930 Bushman Art. Humphrey Milford, London.Google Scholar
Osgood, Cornelius 1942 The Ciboney Culture of Cayo Redondo, Cuba. Yale Publications in Anthropology, No. 25. New Haven.Google Scholar
Parker, Arthur C. 1926 An Analytical History of the Seneca Indians. Researches and Transactions of the New York State Archeological Association, Vol. 6, Nos. 1–5. Rochester.Google Scholar
Phillips, Philip 1939 Introduction to the Archaeology of the Mississippi Valley. Ph.D. Dissertation, Harvard University, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Phillips, Philip, Ford, James A., and Griffin, James B. 1951 Archaeological Survey in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley, 1940-1947. Papers of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Vol. 25. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Preston, Richard S., Person, Elaine, and Deevey, E. S. 1955 Yale Natural Radiocarbon Measurements II. Science, Vol. 122, pp. 954-60. Washington.Google Scholar
Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. 1933 The Andaman Islanders. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rainey, Froelich G. 1940 Porto Rican Archaeology. Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands, Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 18, Pt. 1. New York.Google Scholar
Reischauer, Robert Kar 1937 Early Japanese History, Part A. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Ritchie, William A. 1932 The Lamoka Lake Site: The Type Station of the Archaic Algonkin Period in New York. Researches and Transactions of the New York State Archeological Association, Vol. 7, No. 4. Rochester.Google Scholar
Ritchie, William A. 1936 New Evidence Relating to the Archaic Occupation of New York. Researches and Transactions of the New York State Archeological Association, Vol. 8, No. 1. Rochester.Google Scholar
Ritchie, William A. 1940 Two Prehistoric Village Sites at Brewerton, New York: Type Components of the Brewerton Focus, Laurentian Aspect. Research Records of the Rochester Museum of Arts and Sciences, No. 5. Rochester.Google Scholar
Ritchie, William A. 1945 An Early Site in Cayuga County, New York: Type Component of the Frontenac Focus, Archaic Pattern. Research Records of the Rochester Museum of Arts and Sciences, No. 7. Rochester.Google Scholar
Ritchie, William A. 1951 A Current Synthesis of New York Prehistory. American Antiquity, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 130-6. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Ritchie, William A. 1952 The Chance Horizon, an Early Stage of Mohawk Iroquois Cultural Development. New York State Museum, Circular 29. Albany.Google Scholar
Ritchie, William A. 1954 Dutch Hollow, an Early Historic Period Seneca Site in Livingston County, New York. Researches an. Transactions of the New York State Archeological Association, Vol. 13, No. 1. Albany.Google Scholar
Ritchie, William A. 1955 Recent Discoveries Suggesting an Early Woodland Burial Cult in the Northeast. New York State Museum and Science Service, Circular 40. Albany.Google Scholar
Ritzenthaler, Robert E. and Scholz, Paul 1946 The Osceola Site, an “Old Copper” Site near Potosi, Wisconsin. Wisconsin Archeologist, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 53–70. Milwaukee.Google Scholar
Robinson, Fredericks 1905 English Furniture. G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Rouse, Irving 1941 Culture of the Ft. Liberte Region, Haiti. Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 24. New Haven.Google Scholar
Rouse, Irving 1942 Archaeology of the Maniabon Hills, Cuba. Yale University Publications in Anthropology, No. 26. New Haven.Google Scholar
Rouse, Irving 1948 The Ciboney. In “Handbook of South American Indians,” edited by J. H. Steward. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 143, Vol. 4, pp. 497-503. Washington.Google Scholar
Rouse, Irving 1949 The Southeast and the West Indies. I. The Florida Indian and His Neighbors, edited by Griffin, John W., pp. 117-37. Winter Park.Google Scholar
Rouse, Irving 1951 Areas and Periods of Culture in the Greater Antilles. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 248-65. Albuquerque.Google Scholar
Rouse, Irving 1952 Porto Rican Prehistory: Introduction; Excavation in the West and North. Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands, Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, Vol. 18, Pt. 3, pp. 307–460. New York.Google Scholar
Sayles, E. B. 1945 The San Simon Branch: Excavations at Cave Creek and in the San Simon Valley: I: Material Culture. Medallion Papers, No. 34. Globe.Google Scholar
Sears, William H. 1950 Preliminary Reports on the Excavation of an Etowah Valley Site. American Antiquity, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 137-42. Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Smith, William 1952 Ancient Egypt, as Represented in The Museum of Fine Arts, 3rd ed. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.Google Scholar
Snow, Charles E. 1948 Indian Knoll Skeletons of Site Oh 2, Ohio County, Kentucky. The University of Kentucky Reports in Anthropology, Vol. 4. No. 3, Pt. 2. Lexington.Google Scholar
Speck, Frank 1945 The Iroquois: A Study in Cultural Evolution. Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bulletin 23. Bloomfield Hills.Google Scholar
Thompson, J. Eric 1935 Maya Chronology: The Correlation Question. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 456. Washington.Google Scholar
Thompson, J. Eric 1939 Excavations at San Jose, British Honduras. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 506. Washington.Google Scholar
Thompson, Raymond H. 1956 Modern Yucatecan Maya Pottery: A Study of the Nature of Archaeological Inference. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology, No. 13. Salt Lake City. (In press.)Google Scholar
Tsunoda, Bun-EI 1952 Imperial Treasures of the Shosoin. Archaeology, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 211-15. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Uhle, Max 1924 Explorations at Chincha. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 55–94. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Wheeler, R. E. M. 1943 Maiden Castle, Dorset. Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London, No. 12. Oxford.Google Scholar
Wheeler, R. E. M. and Wheeler, T. V. 1936 Verulamium: A Belgic and Two Roman Cities. Reports of The Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London, No. 11, Oxford.Google Scholar
Willey, Gordon R. 1945 The Weeden Island Culture: A Preliminary Definition. American Antiquity, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 225-54. Menasha.Google Scholar
Willey, Gordon R. 1949 Archeology of the Florida Gulf Coast. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 113. Washington.Google Scholar
Willey, Gordon R. 1953 A Pattern of Diffusion-Acculturation. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 369-84. Albuquerque.Google Scholar
Wittry, Warren L. 1951 A Preliminary Study of the Old Copper Complex. Wisconsin Archeologist, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 1-18. Milwaukee.Google Scholar
Woodward, Arthur 1931 The Grewe Site. Los Angeles Museum of History, Science, and Art, Occasional Papers, No. 1. Los Angeles.Google Scholar