In 1967 Segal introduced the Dirichlet convolution (, h(n)), generalizing a method of Ingham developed in studies on the Prime Number Theorem. In this paper we establish necessary and sufficient conditions on the sequence h(n) in order that the convolution method (, h(n)) be conservative. Further conditions are established for the method to be absolutely conservative.

1. Given a sequence an of positive integers, one expects to obtain information on the distribution of these numbers by examining the Dirichlet series

In this paper we are going to show how such a series arises from Fröhlich's Galoismodule theory and the use the Thue–Siegel–Roth–Schmidt Theorem as one of the tools in the study of its singularities.

In [6], p. 80, Serre showed that the group SL2(Z[1/p]) is a free product of two copies of SL2(Z) amalgamated along a sub-group of index p + 1 in both components. This result was obtained from the structure theory of groups acting on trees and the construction of a tree on which SL2 over a field with discrete valuation acts in a natural way. This result can be extended to other SL2 examples. Using the above description, Serre [6] also gave presentations for the groups SL2(Z[1/p]) where p = 2, 3.

In this paper we prove that for any odd prime p, a Moufang loop of order 2p2 is a group and there is exactly one non-associative right Bol loop of order 2p2.

Let be the class of groups which can be presented in the form

where u, v are positive words on the generators g, h, …, k and where each generator appears in uv−1 with zero exponent sum. Let be the class of groups which can be presented in the form

where u, v are words (not necessarily positive) on the disjoint sets of generators c1, …, cm and d1, …, dn and where [u, v] = u−1v−1uv.

The notion of fibre product in a category is quite basic and has been studied by many authors. Also in ring theory, it is known that the fibre product is useful in the construction of examples. (See for example [3], [4] and references of [1].) Unfortunately, most such examples are non-noetherian and so are unsatisfactory from the viewpoint of commutative algebra.

In this paper we study small cancellation quotients of free products. In particular we calculate their cohomology and, via a theorem of Serre, classify their finite subgroups. The results obtained are the natural analogues of the corresponding results for small cancellation quotients of free groups obtained in Huebschmann [6] (but see also Collins-Huebschmann[3]). They also generalize results of McCool[9] on elements of finite order in quotients of free products and similar conclusions have been obtained by Howie [5] for one-relator quotients of free products of locally indicable groups.

The requirement that the graph of a function be invariant under a linear map is equivalent to a functional equation of f. For area preserving maps M(det (M) = 1), the functional equation is equivalent to an (easily solved) linear one, or to a quadratic one of the form

for all Here 2C = Trace (M). It is shown that (Q) admits continuous solutions ⇔ M has real eigenvalues ⇔ (Q) has linear solutions f(x) = λx ⇔ |C| ≥ 1. For |c| = 1 or C < – 1, (Q) only admits a few simple solutions. For C > 1, (Q) admits a rich supply of continuous solutions. These are parametrised by an arbitrary function, and described in the sense that a construction is given for the graphs of the functions which solve (Q).

It is known [14] that every topological complex vector bundle on a smooth rational surface admits an algebraic structure. In [10] one constructs algebraic vector bundles of rank 2 on with arbitrary Chern classes c1, c2 subject to the necessary topological condition c1 c2 = 0 (mod 2). However, in dimensions greater than 2 the Chern classes don't determine the topological type of a vector bundle. In [2] one classifies the topological complex vector bundles of rank 2 on and one proves that any such bundle admits an algebraic structure.

In 1956 Toda [5] introduced two fibrations localized at p > 2:

where is a subcomplex of the James construction . The construction of H′ was somewhat difficult and was discussed by Moore (see [3]). Moore's definition however is not natural (in the sense of Theorem 1 (b) below). It is our purpose to give another definition, closer to Toda's original definition, which is natural, is an H map* and behaves well with respect to the Dyer-Lashof map λ: BΣp → Q(So). We use this to settle an unanswered question in [2].

Let be the 3-dimensional sphere and let be a smooth knot, i.e. K is the image of a regular diffeomorphism . We say that K is unknotted if there exists a diffeomorphism of onto the unit sphere of , that brings K to the equatorial circle otherwise we say that K is knotted.

The purpose of this article is to extend certain results which are known to hold for convex bodies to a class of non-convex bodies occurring in the theory of topological vector spaces. In the first section after this introduction an analogue of F. John's Theorem on the distance of a finite dimensional space from Euclidean space is obtained, and the result is shown to be best possible. The Dvoretzky-Rogers Lemma on the points of contact of a symmetric convex body with the ellipsoid of maximum volume contained within it is discussed for certain non-convex bodies. In the next part the Dvoretzky Theorem on the existence of ellipsoidal sections is shown to hold with the best possible estimate for the dimension of the sections. It follows from estimates involving cotype constants that the finite dimensional subspaces of Lp (0 < p < 1) possess large almost Hilbertian subspaces. The final section extends the theorem of S. Szarek relating the volume of a body to the existence of ellipsoidal sections.

Let X be a complex Banach space and T a bounded operator on X. The numerical range of T is defined by

Our main purpose is to give criteria for determining which subsets of Rn+1 are polar relative to the heat equation

We consider the following two-person zero-sum game on the closed interval [0,1]. The hider chooses any real number h in [0,1]. The searcher successively chooses real numbers ξ1ξ2… in [0,1], where at each choice ξi he is told whether h = ξih < ξ1 or h > ξi and he may choose ξi+1 in the light of this information. The payoff (to the hider) is the sum of the distances of the searcher from the hider at each of the moves, that is .

Let (S, ρ) be a separable metric space and G a group of transformations of S. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a distribution on S to be invariant under G are derived in terms of the behaviour of the convolution of a random transformation from G and a random element of S.

In this paper we study the asymptotic behaviour of large deformations of nonlinearly elastic, noncircular rings under internal hydrostatic pressure. These rings can undergo flexure, extension, and shear. Their governing equations are the same as those for the inflation of cylindrical shells.