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Revisiting the Relationship between Justice and Extra-Role Behavior: The Role of State Ownership

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2018

Xi Chen
Xi Chen*
Affiliation:
New York University, USA University of Nottingham NingboChina
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Abstract

State ownership is an important phenomenon in the world economy, especially in transition economies. Previous research has focused on how state ownership influences organizational performance, but few studies have been conducted on how state ownership influences employees. I propose that different ownership structures trigger different relational models among employees who pay attention to organizational justice consistent with their model to guide their extra-role behavior. Specifically, state-owned organizations reinforce employees’ relational concern and direct employees’ attention to procedural justice, whereas privatized organizations highlight employees' instrumental concern and direct their attention to distributive justice. I leverage a sample of organizations in China to explore how different ownership structures activate different relational models among employees and alter the relationship between organizational justice and employees’ extra-role behaviors. I find that state ownership attenuates and even reverses the positive relationship between distributive justice and extra-role behaviors. Conversely, state ownership exaggerates the positive relationship between a critical procedural justice dimension (participation in decision making) and employee extra-role behaviors. Implications for the micro-foundations of corporate governance and institutional change, organizational justice literature, and cross-cultural research are developed. This study also generates new insights for transition economies such as China.

摘要:

摘要:

国有制是世界经济、尤其是转型经济的重要现象。已有研究专注于国有制如何影响组织绩效, 但很少研究探讨国有制如何影响员工。我提出不同的所有制结构激发企业和员工之间不同的关系模式, 员工关注与这些关系模式一致的组织公平从而决定他们的角色外行为。具体而言, 国有企业强化员工的关系导向从而将注意力转向程序公平, 而私有企业强化员工的功利导向从而将注意力转向结果公平。我通过中国转型期的组织样本, 研究不同的所有制结构如何激发以上不同的关系模式, 从而改变组织公平和员工角色外行为的关系。我发现国有制弱化甚至颠覆了结果公平和角色外行为的正向关系。相反, 国有制强化了一个重要的程序公平维度——参与决策——与员工角色外行为的正向关系。本文对于公司治理的微观基础、制度变革、组织公平研究、以及跨文化研究都具有重要意义。本研究还提出了关于中国转型经济的新设想。

न्याय व अतिरिक्त भूमिका व्यवहार के सम्बन्ध का पुनरावलोकन: राज्य स्वामित्व की भूमिका

राज्य स्वामित्व विश्व अर्थव्यवस्था, विशेष तौर पर परिवर्तनशील अर्थव्यवस्थाओं में महत्वपूर्ण संवृति है. यूँ तो पूर्व शोध राज्य स्वामित्व के संगठनीय प्रदर्शन पर प्रभाव पर केंद्रित थे लेकिन कुछ अध्ययन राज्य स्वामित्व का कर्मचारियों पर प्रभाव पर भी केंद्रित थे. मेरा यह प्रस्ताव है कि भिन्न स्वामित्व संरचना कर्मचारियों के बीच भिन्न सम्बन्ध आरेख सक्रिय करती है और कर्मचारी अपने अतिरिक्त भूमिका व्यवहार को प्रेरित करने हेतु अपने संगठनीय न्याय समनुरूप आरेख पर ध्यान देते हैं. विशेषतः राज्य स्वामित्व वाले संगठन कर्मचारी के संबंधपरक प्रयोजन को सुदृढ़ करते हैं और कर्मचारी का ध्यान प्रक्रियात्मक न्याय की ओर केंद्रित करते हैं, जबकि निजी संगठन लाभपरक प्रयोजन उजागर करते हैं और कर्मचारी का ध्यान वितरणपरक न्याय पर केंद्रित करते हैं. चीन के संगठनों के एक प्रतिचयन के आधार पर मैंने यह अनुसंधान किया कि किस प्रकार स्वामित्व स्वरूप कर्मचारियों में भिन्न सम्बन्ध प्रारूप सक्रिय करता है और संगठनात्मक न्याय व कर्मचारियों के अतिरिक्त भूमिका व्यवहार के बीच सम्बन्ध को बदलता है. मैंने यह पाया की राज्य स्वामित्व वितरणपरक न्याय व अतिरिक्त भूमिका व्यवहार के सकारात्मक सम्बन्ध को क्षीण करने के साथ ही विपरीत दिशा में बदल भी देता है. इसके विपरीत, राज्य स्वामित्व निर्णय में भागीदारी के महत्वपूर्ण प्रक्रियात्मक न्याय व कर्मचारी अतिरिक्त भूमिका व्यवहार के बीच सकारात्मक सम्बन्ध को अतिरंजित करता है. वर्तमान अध्ययन में कॉर्पोरेट प्रशासन के सूक्ष्म मूलाधार और संस्थागत परिवर्तन, संगठनात्मक न्याय शोध साहित्य, व पार सांस्कृतिक शोध पर आशय का विस्तार किया गया है. यह अध्ययन चीन जैसी परिवर्तनशील अर्थव्यवस्थाओं पर नया परिज्ञान भी देता है.

Sumário:

SUMÁRIO:

Revisitando a relação entre a justiça e o comportamento extrafuncional: o papel da propriedade estatal

SUMÁRIO: A propriedade estatal é um fenômeno importante na economia mundial, especialmente nas economias em transição. Pesquisas anteriores se concentraram em como a propriedade estatal influencia o desempenho organizacional, mas poucos estudos foram conduzidos sobre como a propriedade estatal influencia os empregados. Proponho que distintas estruturas de propriedade desencadeiam esquemas relacionais entre os funcionários que prestam atenção a uma justiça organizacional consistente com seu modelo para orientar seu comportamento extrafuncional. Especificamente, as organizações estatais reforçam a preocupação relacional dos funcionários e direcionam a atenção dos funcionários para a justiça processual, enquanto as organizações privadas destacam a preocupação instrumental e direcionam a atenção dos funcionários para a justiça distributiva. Utilizo uma amostra de organizações na China para explorar como diferentes estruturas de propriedade incitam diferentes modelos relacionais entre funcionários e alteram a relação entre a justiça organizacional e os comportamentos extrafuncionais dos funcionários. Concluo que a propriedade estatal atenua e até inverte a relação positiva entre justiça distributiva e comportamentos extrafuncional. Por outro lado, a propriedade estatal amplia a relação positiva entre uma dimensão crítica da justiça processual (participação na tomada de decisões) e comportamentos extrafuncionais do empregado. Implicações para as micro fundações de governança corporativa e mudança institucional, literatura sobre justiça organizacional e pesquisa transcultural são desenvolvidas. Este estudo também gera novos insights para economias em transição, como a China.

Аннотация:

АННОТАЦИЯ:

К вопросу о взаимосвязи между справедливостью и внеролевым поведением: Роль государственной формы собственности

АННОТАЦИЯ: Государственная форма собственности – это важное явление в мировой экономике, особенно в странах с переходной экономикой. Предыдущие исследования были сосредоточены на том, как государственная форма собственности влияет на эффективность организации, но существует мало исследований о том, как государственная форма собственности влияет на сотрудников. Я предполагаю, что различные формы собственности создают разные схемы отношений среди сотрудников, которые уделяют внимание организационной справедливости, которая согласуется с их схемами внеролевого поведения. В частности, государственные организации усиливают социальную озабоченность сотрудников и направляют их непосредственное внимание на процессуальную справедливость, тогда как частные организации выявляют инструментальную озабоченность и обращают внимание сотрудников на распределительную справедливость. Я провожу выборку из организаций в Китае для того, чтобы изучить, каким образом разные формы собственности активируют различные социальные схемы среди сотрудников и изменяют взаимосвязь между организационной справедливостью и внеролевым поведением сотрудников. Я устанавливаю, что государственная форма собственности ослабляет и даже полностью меняет положительную взаимосвязь между распределительной справедливостью и внеролевым поведением. Напротив, государственная форма собственности еще более увеличивает положительную взаимосвязь между критически важным аспектом процессуальной справедливости (участие в принятии решений) и внеролевым поведением сотрудников. В статье делается ряд выводов, которые имеют особое значение для базовых оснований корпоративного управления и институциональных изменений, а также в области организационной справедливости и межкультурных исследований. Данное исследование также предлагает новые идеи для стран с переходной экономикой, как, например, для Китая.

Resumen:

RESUMEN:

Revisando la relación entre justicia y el comportamiento extra-rol: El rol de la propiedad Estatal

RESUMEN: La propiedad Estatal es un fenómeno importante en la economía mundial, especialmente en economías en transición. La investigación previa se ha enfocado en cómo la propiedad estatal influye en el desempeño organizacional, pero se han realizado pocos estudios sobre cómo la propiedad estatal influye a los empleados. Propongo que una estructura de propiedad diferente desencadena diferentes esquemas relacionales entre los empleados, quienes prestan atención a la justicia organizacional consistente con su esquema para guiar su comportamiento a asumir funciones adicionales (extra-rol). Específicamente, las organizaciones de propiedad estatal refuerzan la preocupación relacional de los empleados y direccionan la atención de los empleados a la justicia procesal, mientras que las organizaciones privatizadas destacan la preocupación instrumental y dirigen la atención de los empleados hacia la justicia distributiva. Aprovecho una muestra de organizaciones en China para explorar como una estructura de propiedad diferente activa diferentes esquemas relacionales entre los empleados y altera la relación entre la justicia organizacional y los comportamientos de los empleados a asumir funciones adicionales (extra-rol). Encuentro que la propiedad estatal atenúa e incluso reversa la relación positiva entre la justicia distributiva y los comportamientos extra-rol. Por el contrario, la propiedad estatal exagera la relación positiva entre una dimensión procesal crítica de la justicia (participación en la toma de decisiones) y los comportamientos extra-rol de los empleados. Se desarrollan las implicaciones para los micro-fundamentos del gobierno corporativo y cambio institucional, la literatura de justicia organizacional, y la investigación intercultural. Este estudio también genera nuevos conocimientos para las economías en transición como China.

Keywords

distributive justiceextra-role behaviorprocedural justicerelational modelstate ownership结果公平程序公平国有制角色外行为关系模式वितरणपरक न्यायअतिरिक्त भूमिका व्यवहारप्रक्रियात्मक न्यायसंबंधपरक प्रारूपराज्य स्वामित्वjustiça distributivacomportamento extrafuncionaljustiça proceduralesquema relacionalPropriedade estatalраспределительная справедливостьвнеролевое поведениепроцессуальная справедливостьсоциальная схемагосударственная форма собственностиjusticia distributivacomportamiento extra-roljusticia procesalesquema relacionalpropiedad estatal
Type
Article
Information
Management and Organization Review , Volume 14 , Issue 3 , September 2018 , pp. 607 - 639
Copyright
Copyright © The International Association for Chinese Management Research 2018 

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