Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T22:46:37.181Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Grazing damage in the old forest lichen Lobaria pulmonaria increases with gastropod abundance in deciduous forests

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2010

Steinar VATNE ,
Torstein SOLHØY ,
Johan ASPLUND  and
Yngvar GAUSLAA
Steinar VATNE
Affiliation:
Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O.Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway.
Torstein SOLHØY
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of Bergen, P.O.Box 7803, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway.
Johan ASPLUND
Affiliation:
Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O.Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway.
Yngvar GAUSLAA*
Affiliation:
Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O.Box 5003, NO-1432 Ås, Norway.
*
Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Gastropod abundance was quantified in forest litter around 33 trees harbouring Lobaria pulmonaria in southern Norway. In total, 1709 snails representing 28 species were found, and the number of snail species strongly increased with the total number of specimens found. Number of snail species, as well as snail abundance, was highest around trees on high pH soils. There was a positive relationship between number of snail specimens and cover of grazing traces on L. pulmonaria, presumably because calcareous soils facilitate both litter dwelling and climbing gastropods. The results suggest that gastropods may limit the distribution of L. pulmonaria in calcareous broad-leaved forests.

Keywords

epiphytesherbivoryleaf litterpHsnails
Type
Research Article
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 42 , Issue 5 , September 2010 , pp. 615 - 619
Copyright
Copyright © British Lichen Society 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Asplund, J. & Gauslaa, Y. (2008) Mollusc grazing limits growth and early development of the old forest lichen Lobaria pulmonaria in broadleaved deciduous forests. Oecologia 155: 93–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Asplund, J., Larsson, P., Vatne, S. & Gauslaa, Y. (2010) Gastropod grazing shapes the vertical distribution of epiphytic lichens in forest canopies. Journal of Ecology 98: 218–225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baur, B., Fröberg, L. & Baur, A. (1995) Species diversity and grazing damage in a calcicolous lichen community on top stone walls in Öland, Sweden. Annales Botanici Fennici 32: 239–250.Google Scholar
Cameron, R. A. D. (1973) Some woodland mollusc faunas from southern England. Malacologia 14: 355–370.Google Scholar
Coker, P. D. (1967) Damage to lichens by gastropods. Lichenologist 3: 428–429.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, P. (2008) Snails: Archaeology and Landscape Change. Oxford: Oxbow Books.Google Scholar
Englund, S. R., O'Brien, J. J. & Clark, D. B. (2000) Evaluation of digital and film hemispherical photography and spherical densiometry for measuring forest light environments. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30: 1999–2005.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fröberg, L., Baur, A. & Baur, B. (1993) Differential herbivore damage to calcicolous lichens by snails. Lichenologist 25: 83–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gärdenfors, U., Waldén, H. W. & Wäreborn, I. (1995) Effects of soil acidification on forest land snails. Ecological Bulletins 44: 259–270.Google Scholar
Gauslaa, Y. (1985) The ecology of Lobarion pulmonariae and Parmelion caperatae in Quercus dominated forests in south-west Norway. Lichenologist 17: 117–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gauslaa, Y. (1995) The Lobarion, an epiphytic community of ancient forests, threatened by acid rain. Lichenologist 27: 59–76.Google Scholar
Gauslaa, Y. (2005) Lichen palatability depends on investments in herbivore defence. Oecologia 143: 94–105.Google Scholar
Gauslaa, Y. (2008) Mollusc grazing may constrain the ecological niche of the old forest lichen Pseudocyphellaria crocata. Plant Biology 10: 711–717.Google Scholar
Gauslaa, Y., Holien, H., Ohlson, M. & Solhøy, T. (2006) Does snail grazing affect growth of the old forest lichen Lobaria pulmonaria? Lichenologist 38: 587–593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, M. O., Mountford, J. O., Roy, D. B. & Bunce, R. G. H. (1999) ECOFACT 2a Technical Annex – Ellenberg's Indicator Values for British Plants. UK, ITE, Natural Environment Research Council.Google Scholar
Jaremovic, R. & Rollo, C. D. (1979) Tree climbing by the snail Cepaea nemoralis (L.): a possible method for regulating temperature and hydration. Canadian Journal of Zoology-Revue Canadienne de Zoologie 57: 1010–1014.Google Scholar
Kerney, M. P. & Cameron, R. A. D. (1979) Land Snails of Britain and North-West Europe. London: Collins.Google Scholar
Lawrey, J. D. (1980) Correlations between lichen secondary chemistry and grazing activity by Pallifera varia. Bryologist 83: 328–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Millar, A. J. & Waite, S. (1999) Molluscs in coppice woodland. Journal of Conchology 36: 25–48.Google Scholar
Nybakken, L., Helmersen, A. M., Gauslaa, Y. & Selås, V. (2010) Secondary compounds restrain lichen feeding by bank voles (Myodes glareolus). Journal of Chemical Ecology 36: 298–304.Google Scholar
Peake, J. F. & James, P. W. (1967) Lichens and Mollusca. Lichenologist 3: 425–428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pöykkö, H., Hyvärinen, M. & Backor, M. (2005) Removal of lichen secondary metabolites affects food choice and survival of lichenivorous moth larvae. Ecology 86: 2623–2632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solhaug, K. A. & Gauslaa, Y. (2001) Acetone rinsing - a method for testing ecological and physiological roles of secondary compounds in living lichens. Symbiosis 30: 301–315.Google Scholar
Solhøy, T., Skartveit, J., Johannessen, L. E., Myrseth, E. W., Sivertsen, B. & Carter, C. (2002) Snails. In Biodiversity in Norwegian Forests. Main Report (in Norwegian) (Gjerde, I. & Baumann, C., eds): 67–74. Ås, Norway: Norwegian Institute of Forest Research.Google Scholar
Stahl, G.E. (1904) Die Schutzmittel der Flechten gegen Tierfrass. Festschrift zum sibezigsten Geburtstage von Ernst Haeckel pp. 357–375. Jena: Gustav Fischer.Google Scholar
von Proschwitz, T. (1996) Markfaunainventeringen. In Sveriges Nationalatlas: Växter och djur. Nya kunskapar växer fram (Gustafsson, L. & Ahlén, I., eds) 150–151. Stockholm: Sveriges Nationalatlas.Google Scholar
Waldén, H. W. (1981) Communities and diversity of land molluscs in Scandinavian woodlands. 1. High diversity communities in taluses and boulder slopes in SW Sweden. Journal of Conchology 30: 351–372.Google Scholar
Waldén, H. W. (1983) Göteborgs Naturhistoriska Museums markfaunainventering 1921-1981. Göteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum. Årstryck 69–86.Google Scholar
Wäreborn, I. (1970) Environmental factors influencing distribution of land molluscs of an oligotrophic area in southern Sweden. Oikos 21: 285–291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zukal, H. (1895) Morphologische und biologische Untersuchungen über die Flechten II. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften.Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe 104: 1303–1395.Google Scholar