Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-04T09:26:40.088Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Municipal Corporate Security, Legal Knowledges, and the Urban Problem Space

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 December 2018

Abstract

Previous sociolegal research has neglected how the work of corporate security agents is enabled and constrained by legal knowledges. This article explores how legal knowledges shape the work of municipal corporate security (MCS) agents in Canadian cities. MCS offices are a new development in municipal governments. By drawing on analysis of freedom of information requests and interviews with MCS managers and staff, we investigate how legal knowledges shape MCS practices in Canadian cities, with a focus on trespass law, licensing law, litigation, labor law, privacy law, and workplace violence legislation that converge in MCS offices. MCS agents must interpret, translate, and apply these laws in their municipal jurisdiction or urban problem space to confront the defining element of the urban milieu—nuisance—but also to mitigate the risks. Interpretation and use of numerous laws by MCS staff constitute a distinctively urban way of governing through legal knowledge.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © American Bar Foundation, 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bernstein, A. 2008. The Social Life of Regulation in Taipei City Hall: The Role of Legality in the Administrative Bureaucracy. Law & Social Inquiry 33 (4): 925954.Google Scholar
Blomley, N. 2004. Unsettling the City. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Blomley, N. 2011. Rights of Passage: Sidewalks and the Regulation of Public Flow. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Button, M. 2003. Private Security and the Policing of Quasi‐Public Space. International Journal of the Sociology of the Law 31 (3): 227237.Google Scholar
Button, M. 2007. Assessing the Regulation of Private Security across Europe. European Journal of Criminology 4 (1): 109128.Google Scholar
City of London. 2011. Letter to Mr. Mike Roy and Occupiers of Victoria Park. November 3.Google Scholar
City of Toronto. 2009. City of Toronto City‐Wide Corporate Security Policy. Toronto: City of Toronto.Google Scholar
Collier, S. 2009. Topologies of Power: Foucault's Analysis of Political Government Beyond “Governmentality.” Theory, Culture and Society 26 (6): 78108.Google Scholar
Cooper, D. 1995. Local Government Legal Consciousness in the Shadow of Juridification. Journal of Law and Society 22 (4): 506526.Google Scholar
Cooper, D. 2002. Far Beyond “The Early Morning Crowing of a Farmyard Cock”: Revisiting the Place of Nuisance Within Legal and Political Discourse. Social and Legal Studies 11 (1): 535.Google Scholar
Davis, M. 1992. City of Quartz. New York: Vintage.Google Scholar
Ericson, R. 2007. Crime in an Insecure World. London: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Foucault, M. 2007. Security, Territory, Population: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1977–78. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan.Google Scholar
Gill, M., and Hart, J. 1999. Private Security: Enforcing Corporate Security Policy Using Private Investigators. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 7 (2): 245261.Google Scholar
Golder, B., and Fitzpatrick, P. 2009. Foucault's Law. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hogg, P. 2006. Constitutional Law of Canada, 5th ed. Toronto: Carswell.Google Scholar
Hunt, A., and Wickham, G. 1994. Foucault and Law: Toward a Sociology of Law as Governance. Boulder, CO: Pluto Press.Google Scholar
Koch, R., and Latham, A. 2013. On the Hard Work of Domesticating a Public Space. Urban Studies 50 (1): 621.Google Scholar
Levi, R. 2009. Gated Communities in Law's Gaze: Material Forms and the Production of a Social Body in Legal Adjudication. Law & Social Inquiry 34 (3): 635669.Google Scholar
Levi, R., and Valverde, M. 2001. Knowledge on Tap: Police Science and Common Knowledge in Legal Regulation of Drunkenness. Law & Social Inquiry 26 (4): 819846.Google Scholar
Levi, R., and Valverde, M. 2006. Freedom of the City: Canadian Cities and the Quest for Governmental Status. Osgoode Hall Law Journal 44 (3): 409459.Google Scholar
Lippert, R. 2006. Sanctuary, Sovereignty, Sacrifice: Canadian Sanctuary Incidents, Power, and Law. Vancouver: UBC Press.Google Scholar
Lippert, R. 2007. Urban Revitalization, Security, and Knowledge Transfer: The Case of Broken Windows and Kiddie Bars. Canadian Journal of Law and Society 22 (2): 2953.Google Scholar
Lippert, R. 2012. Governing Condominiums and Renters Through Legal Knowledge Flows and External Institutions. Law and Policy 34 (3): 263290.Google Scholar
Lippert, R., Walby, K., and Steckle, R. 2013. Multiplicities of Corporate Security: Identifying Emerging Types and Trends. Security Journal 26 (3): 206221.Google Scholar
Miles, M., and Huberman, M. 1994. Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Mitchell, D., and Staeheli, L. 2008. The People's Property?: Power, Politics and the Public. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Novak, W. 1996. The People's Welfare: Law and Regulation in Nineteenth‐Century America. Chapel Hill, NC: University of Chapel Hill Press.Google Scholar
Ontario. 2012. Investigation into Whether the City of London's Committee of the Whole Improperly Discussed “Occupy London” in Camera on November 7, 2011. Toronto: Ombudsman of Ontario.Google Scholar
Prenzler, T., Sarre, R., and Earle, K. 2008. Developments in the Australian Private Security Industry. Flinders Journal of Law Reform 10:403417.Google Scholar
Rigakos, G. 2002. The New Parapolice: Risk Markets and Commodified Social Control. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
Rigakos, G., and Greener, D. 2000. Bubbles of Governance: Private Policing and the Law in Canada. Canadian Journal of Law and Society 15 (1): 145185.Google Scholar
Rose, N., and Valverde, M. 1998. Governed by Law? Social and Legal Studies 7 (4): 539551.Google Scholar
Rose, N., O'Malley, P., and Valverde, M. 2006. Governmentality. Annual Review of Law and Social Science 2:83104.Google Scholar
Silbey, S. 2005. After Legal Consciousness. Annual Review of Law and Social Science 1:323368.Google Scholar
Stenning, P. 2000. Powers and Accountability of Private Police. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 8 (3): 325352.Google Scholar
Valverde, M. 2001. Governing Security, Governing Through Security. In The Security of Freedom: Essays on Canada's Anti‐Terrorism Bill, ed. Daniels, R., Macklem, P., and Roach, K., 8392. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
Valverde, M. 2008. Jurisdiction and Scale: Legal “Technicalities” as Resources for Theory. Social & Legal Studies 18 (2): 139157.Google Scholar
Valverde, M. 2009. Laws of the Street. City & Society 21 (2): 163181.Google Scholar
Valverde, M. 2011a. Questions of Security: A Framework for Research. Theoretical Criminology 15 (1): 322.Google Scholar
Valverde, M. 2011b. Seeing Like a City: The Dialectic of Modern and Premodern Ways of Seeing in Urban Governance. Law & Society Review 45 (2): 277312.Google Scholar
Valverde, M., Levi, R., and Moore, D. 2005. Legal Knowledges of Risk. In Law and Risk, ed. Law Commission of Canada, 86120. Vancouver: UBC Press.Google Scholar
Walby, K., and Larsen, M. 2012. Access to Information and Freedom of Information Requests: Neglected Means of Data Production in the Social Sciences. Qualitative Inquiry 18 (1): 3142.Google Scholar
Walby, K., and Lippert, R. 2012. The New Keys to the City: Uploading Corporate Security and Threat Discourse into Canadian Municipal Governments. Crime, Law and Social Change 58 (4): 437455.Google Scholar