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The La Tolita—Tumaco Culture: Master Metalsmiths in Gold and Platinum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

David A. Scott
David A. Scott*
Affiliation:
Department of Art History, Interdepartmental Program in Archaeological and Ethnographic Conservation, Room A410, the Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California-Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095 ([email protected])
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Abstract

The archaeological setting of the La Tolita—Tumaco culture is briefly discussed as a framework for the examination of the metallurgy of the area, in particular the gold—platinum alloys used to make platinum-coated gold objects, platinum—gold sintered alloys, and platinum—gold foil—plated objects. The sophisticated approach to the manipulation of metallic materials resulted in several notable advances being made by the La Tolita—Tumaco culture: the production of extremely fine rectangular wire, bimetallic tumbaga alloys, small lead spheres inlaid with platinum, soldering, granulation, and a degree of sophistication to metalworking that is very impressive and, in some cases, unique in the world. Some selected examples are discussed, and the microstructure of a representative selection of the La Tolita material, bimetallic tumbaga construction, the initial sintered gold—platinum product, platinum-plated gold, and heavily worked gold—platinum composite artifacts are presented.

Resumen

Resumen

Se discute brevemente el panorama arqueológico de la cultura La Tolita-Tumaco como una introducción para el examen de la metalurgia del área, en particular, las aleaciones de oro-platino usadas para hacer revestimientos de platino en objetos de oro, las mezclas para aleaciones de oro-platino, y objetos de oro-platino laminados. La sofisticada manipulación de materiales metálicos resultó en varios avances notables hechos por la cultura La Tolita-Tumaco: la producción de alambre rectangular muy fino, las aleaciones bimétalicas de tumbaga, las pequeñas esferas de plomo incrustadas con platino; el soldado; la granulación y el grado de sofisticación del trabajo en metal es muy impresionante y algunas veces representan casos únicos en el mundo. Se discuten algunos ejemplos seleccionados, y se presenta aquí una muestra representativa de la microestructura del material de La Tolita, la estructura bimetálica de tumbaga, las mezclas iniciales producidas en oro-platino, el platino-enchapado en oro, y artefactos sumamente elaborados compuestos en oro-platino.

Type
Articles
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 22 , Issue 1 , March 2011 , pp. 65 - 95
Copyright
Copyright ©2011 by the Society for American Archaeology

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