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Ideology, Chiefly Power, and Material Culture: An Example from the Greater Antilles

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

L. Antonio Curet
L. Antonio Curet*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Campus Box 103, P.O. Box 173364, Denver, CO 80217-3364
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Abstract

Temporal changes in material culture normally have been used by archaeologists to reconstruct the cultural history of an area or site. In the case of the Caribbean, shifts in artifactual style have been used to trace prehistoric migrations and interactions between different cultural groups. Unfortunately, there have been few attempts to explain these changes in terms of the social structures of these cultures. This paper reviews the archaeological evidence for cultural change in eastern Puerto Rico and proposes a model to explain it. Basically, the model suggests that changes in material culture in Puerto Rican prehistory are related to the development of social complexity. Shifts in decoration and types of artifacts are seen as an attempt by elite groups to have greater control over the symbolism represented in the artifacts in order to acquire and maintain their power. These changes are not abrupt, but gradual, as social organization evolves from simple to more complex chiefdoms.

Cambios en la cultura material a través del tiempo han sido normalmente utilizados por los arqueólogos para reconstruir la historia cultural de un sitio o región. En el caso del Caribe, los cambios en los estilos de los artefactos han sido usados para delinear las migraciones prehistóricas y las interacciones entre los distintos grupos culturales. Desafortunadamente, son pocos los estudios que han intentado explicar estos cambios en términos de las estructuras sociales de estas culturas. Este trabajo examina la evidencia arqueológica de cambio cultural para el este de Puerto Rico y propone un modelo para explicar dichos cambios. Básicamente, el modelo sugiere que los cambios en la cultura material en la prehistoria puertorriqueña están relacionados con el desarrollo de la complejidad social. Cambios en la decoración y los tipos de artefactos son considerados como un intento de parte de los grupos elitistas de conseguir un mayor control sobre el simbolismo representado en los artefactos lo que a su vez les permite obtener y mantener su poder político. Estos cambios no son abruptos pero graduales y envuelven la evolución de la organización social de unos cacicazgos simples a unos más complejos.

Type
Articles
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 7 , Issue 2 , June 1996 , pp. 114 - 131
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 1996

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