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Historical Archaeology at the Hacienda San Miguel Acocotla, Puebla, Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Elizabeth Terese Newman
Elizabeth Terese Newman*
Affiliation:
Department of History, Stony Brook University, SBS 3-301, Stony Brook, NY 11794-4348 ([email protected])
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Abstract

Since 2004, archaeological, ethnographic, and archival investigations at the ex-hacienda San Miguel Acocotla in Atlixco, Puebla, Mexico, have explored the lives of indigenous workers who toiled at the hacienda from 1577 through the twentieth-century Mexican Revolution. The aim of this project is to understand the ways in which incorporation into an industrial capitalist system impacted individual and community identity. This report presents a summary of the archaeological components of the project. Research focused on the area of worker housing, the calpanería, in an effort to expand our understandings of the conditions of daily life of the hacienda's indigenous workers. I describe the completed fieldwork and summarize the results of studies of nineteenth-century domestic architecture andfoodways. These data challenge assumptions about the quotidian experiences of hacienda laborers, often made using incomplete historical records, and allow us to connect the ethnographic present with the prehispanic past by illuminating the transformative processes at work in rural Mexico during the last quarter of the nineteenth century.

Resumen

Resumen

Desde 2004 se han llevado a cabo investigaciones arqueológicas, etnográficas e históricas que exploran las vidas de los trabajadores indígenas que laboraron en la hacienda de San Miguel Acocotla desde 1577 hasta la Revolutión Mexicana. El objetivo de este trabajo es entender el impacto que la incorporatión al sistema económico capitalista tuvo en la identidad de los individuos y de la comunidad. El presente reporte se enfoca en la parte arqueológica del proyecto. Las excavaciones se concentraron en la calpanería, el área habitacional de los trabajadores de la hacienda, en un esfuerzo por entender sus condiciones de vida cotidiana. Primeramente se describe el trabajo de campo que se ha completado hasta el momento. También se presenta un resumen de los resultados de los estudios sobre alimentación y arquitectura doméstica del siglo XIX. Estos datos ponen en duda las suposiciones tradicionales sobre las experiencias cotidianas de los trabajadores de las haciendas, las cuales frecuentemente se basan en registros historicos incompletos, y también nos permiten conectar el presente etnográfico con el pasado prehispánico al poner de manifiesto los procesos transformacionales que tuvieron lugar en el México rural del último cuarto del siglo XIX.

Type
Reports
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 25 , Issue 1 , March 2014 , pp. 27 - 45
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 2014

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