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Continuity and Transformation During the Terminal Middle Horizon (A.D. 950–1150): A Bioarchaeological Assessment of Tumilaca Origins within the Middle Moquegua Valley, Peru

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Richard C. Sutter  and
Nicola Sharratt
Richard C. Sutter
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Indiana University Purdue University-Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN 46805 (e-mail: [email protected])
Nicola Sharratt
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607 (e-mail: [email protected])
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Abstract

Previous archaeological studies suggest that terminal Middle Horizon Tumilaca populations (cal A.D. 950–1150) of the middle Moquegua Valley represent direct descendants of earlier Chen Chen-style Tiwankau colonists of the region. This study tests this idea by comparing dentally derived biodistance analyses of Tumilaca, Chen Chen-style, Tiwanaku, and other regional samples. The results indicate that the Tumilaca and Chen Chen-style mortuary samples are similar to one another suggesting that these populations might share an ancestral-descendant relationship. The phenetic relations of the Tumilaca and Chen Chen to other regional samples are also discussed.

Investigaciones arqueológicos anteriores de los Tumilica del Horizonte Medio terminal (cal A.D. 950–1150) indican que los Tumilaca representan descendientes de los colonos Tiwanaku estilo Chen Chen del valle medio de Moquegua. En este trabajo se analizan distancias biológicas obtenidas de rasgos no-métricos dentales extraídas de muestras mortuorias del Horizonte Medio de sur centro Andino—una muestra de paleoindios andinos, otra de Tiwanaku y seis del valle de Moquegua y seis del valle de Azapa—para poner a prueba dos modelos que expliquen las dinámicas prehistóricas poblacionales entre los Tumilaca del valle medio de Moquegua, Peru, mediante análisis de correlación de matrices hipotéticas. Estos modelos incluyen: (1) los Tumilaca de Moquegua representan descendientes de colonos Chen Chen-Tiwanaku del valle medio, (2) y un modelo donde los Tumilaca muestran continuidad genética con las poblaciones indígenas del valle de Moquegua. Los resultados de la prueba de Mantel para cada uno de los modelos indica que el modelo de continuidad genética entre los Tumilaca y las poblaciones indígenas del valle de Moquegua producen resultados significativos, mientras que el modelo de colonización tiwanakoide en el valle medio donde los Tumilaca representan descendientes de colonos Tiwanaku-Chen Chen sí lo hace. Se discuten las consecuencias de estos resultados en relación con publicaciones anteriores.

Type
Research Article
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 21 , Issue 1 , March 2010 , pp. 67 - 86
Copyright
Copyright © 2010 by the Society for American Archaeology.

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