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The Built Environment and the Development of Intermediate Socio-Spatial Units at Los Guachimontones, Jalisco, Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 March 2021

Verenice Y. Heredia Espinoza Open the ORCID record for Verenice Y. Heredia Espinoza [Opens in a new window]
Verenice Y. Heredia Espinoza*
Affiliation:
Centro de Estudios Arqueológicos, El Colegio de Michoacán, Cerro de Nahuatzen 85, Fracc. Jardines del Cerro Grande, La Piedad, Michoacán59379, Mexico
*
([email protected], corresponding author)
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Abstract

Intermediate socio-spatial units (ISUs), materialized as neighborhoods and districts, were important elements in the ordering of the built environment in large ancient settlements. They are indicative of an increasing vertical and horizontal complexity because they lie between households and the governing authority. Collective action theory holds that ISUs can take many forms and can be created through bottom-up, top-down, or top-down/bottom-up processes. The distribution of ISUs in the context of other architectural elements illuminates the degree to which collective policies shaped urban landscapes. This article identifies districts and neighborhoods, two types of ISUs, at the site of Los Guachimontones (Jalisco, Mexico) through a study of its internal spatial organization. Intensive survey and mapping have identified thousands of architectural elements, including the circular complexes known as guachimontones. Thiessen polygon analysis reveals that guachimontones are an important feature of the site's spatial organization, as well as to the materialization of ISUs and other socio-spatial units. Broadly speaking, the organization of these built spaces reveals that their growth can be attributed to collectively oriented political strategies.

Unidades intermedias socioespaciales (ISUs por sus siglas en inglés) materializadas como barrios y distritos fueron elementos importantes en la organización del entorno construido en asentamientos antiguos. Éstas indican una creciente complejidad vertical y horizontal porque se encuentran entre los hogares y las autoridades gobernantes. La teoría de la acción colectiva sostiene que las ISUs pueden adoptar muchas formas y surgir por procesos de abajo hacia arriba, de arriba hacia abajo o de arriba abajo–de abajo hacia arriba. La distribución de ISUs en el contexto de otros elementos arquitectónicos ilumina el grado en que las políticas colectivas se emplearon en un paisaje urbano. Este artículo se centra en la identificación de ISUs en forma de barrios y distritos en el sitio de Los Guachimontones (Jalisco, México) por medio de su organización espacial interna. El recorrido intensivo y mapeo identificó miles de elementos arquitectónicos, incluyendo complejos circulares conocidos como guachimontones. El análisis de polígonos Thiessen reveló que los guachimontones fueron centrales en la organización del espacio y en la materialización de ISUs y otras configuraciones a nivel sitio. En términos generales, la organización del espacio construido revela que su crecimiento puede atribuirse a estrategias políticas colectivas.

Keywords

intermediate socio-spatial unitscollective action theorypublic goodsLos Guachimontonesbuilt environmentcircular architecturesocial complexityunidades intermedias socioespacialesteoría de acción colectivabienes públicosLos Guachimontonesentorno construidoarquitectura circularcomplejidad social
Type
Article
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , June 2021 , pp. 385 - 404
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Society for American Archaeology

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