Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T02:39:41.946Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Historical Archaeology at the Hacienda San Miguel Acocotla, Puebla, Mexico

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Elizabeth Terese Newman
Elizabeth Terese Newman*
Affiliation:
Department of History, Stony Brook University, SBS 3-301, Stony Brook, NY 11794-4348 ([email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Since 2004, archaeological, ethnographic, and archival investigations at the ex-hacienda San Miguel Acocotla in Atlixco, Puebla, Mexico, have explored the lives of indigenous workers who toiled at the hacienda from 1577 through the twentieth-century Mexican Revolution. The aim of this project is to understand the ways in which incorporation into an industrial capitalist system impacted individual and community identity. This report presents a summary of the archaeological components of the project. Research focused on the area of worker housing, the calpanería, in an effort to expand our understandings of the conditions of daily life of the hacienda's indigenous workers. I describe the completed fieldwork and summarize the results of studies of nineteenth-century domestic architecture andfoodways. These data challenge assumptions about the quotidian experiences of hacienda laborers, often made using incomplete historical records, and allow us to connect the ethnographic present with the prehispanic past by illuminating the transformative processes at work in rural Mexico during the last quarter of the nineteenth century.

Resumen

Resumen

Desde 2004 se han llevado a cabo investigaciones arqueológicas, etnográficas e históricas que exploran las vidas de los trabajadores indígenas que laboraron en la hacienda de San Miguel Acocotla desde 1577 hasta la Revolutión Mexicana. El objetivo de este trabajo es entender el impacto que la incorporatión al sistema económico capitalista tuvo en la identidad de los individuos y de la comunidad. El presente reporte se enfoca en la parte arqueológica del proyecto. Las excavaciones se concentraron en la calpanería, el área habitacional de los trabajadores de la hacienda, en un esfuerzo por entender sus condiciones de vida cotidiana. Primeramente se describe el trabajo de campo que se ha completado hasta el momento. También se presenta un resumen de los resultados de los estudios sobre alimentación y arquitectura doméstica del siglo XIX. Estos datos ponen en duda las suposiciones tradicionales sobre las experiencias cotidianas de los trabajadores de las haciendas, las cuales frecuentemente se basan en registros historicos incompletos, y también nos permiten conectar el presente etnográfico con el pasado prehispánico al poner de manifiesto los procesos transformacionales que tuvieron lugar en el México rural del último cuarto del siglo XIX.

Type
Reports
Information
Latin American Antiquity , Volume 25 , Issue 1 , March 2014 , pp. 27 - 45
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 2014

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References Cited

Alexander, Rani T. 1999 Mesoamerican House Lots and Archaeological Site Structure: Problems of Inference in Yaxcabá, Yucatán, Mexico,1750-1847. In The Archaeology of Household Activities, edited by Penelope M. Allison, pp. 78–100. Routledge, New York.Google Scholar
Alexander, Rani T. 2004 Yaxcabá and the Caste War of Yucatán: An Archaeological Perspective. 1st ed. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.Google Scholar
Alexander, Rani T. 2012 Prohibido tocar este cenote: The Archaeological Basis for the Titles of Ebtun . International Journal of Historical Archaeology 16(1): 1–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alston, Lee J., Mattiace, Shannan, and Nonnenmacher, Tomas 2009 Coercion, Culture, and Contracts: Labor and Debt on Henequen Haciendas in Yucatán, Mexico, 1870–1915. The Journal of Economic History 69(01): 104–137.Google Scholar
Bauer, Arnold J. 1979 Rural Workers in Spanish America: Problems of Peonage and Oppression. Hispanic American Historical Review 59(1):34–63.Google Scholar
Bazant, Jan 1964 Industria algodonera poblana de 1800-1843 en números. Historia Mexicana 14(1):131–143.Google Scholar
Becker, Marshall Joseph 2001 Houselots at Tikal Guatemala: It’s What’s Out Back that Counts. In Reconstruyendo la ciudad Maya: el urbanismo en las sociedades antiguas, edited by Andrés Cuidad Ruiz, María Josefa Iglesias Ponce de León, and María del Carmen Martínez Martínez, pp. 427–460. Socíedad Española de Estudios Mayas, Madrid.Google Scholar
Benavides Castillo, Antonio 1985 Notas sobre la arquelología histórica de la Hacienda Tabi, Yucatán. Revista Mexicana de estudios antropológicos 31:45–58.Google Scholar
Benavides, O. Hugo 2001 Returning to the Source: Social Archaeology as Latin American Philosophy. Latin American Antiquity 12(4):355–370.Google Scholar
Binford, Lewis R. 1978 Nunamiut Ethnoarchaeology. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Blackman, M. James, Fournier, Patricia, and Bishop, Ronald 2006 Complejidad e interactiín social en México colonial: la productión, intercambio y consumo de cerámicas vidriadas y esmaltadas con base en análisis de activatión neutrónica. Cuicuilco 36:203–222.Google Scholar
Blanton, Richard E. 1994 Houses and Households: a Comparative Study. Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology. Plenum Press, New York.Google Scholar
Bortz, Jeffrey 2000 The Revolution, the Labor Regime and Conditions of Work in the Cotton Textile Industry in Mexico. Journal of Latin American Studies 32:671–703.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bracamonte, y Sosa, Pedro 1993 Amos y sirvientes: las haciendas de Yucatán, 1789-1860. Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida.Google Scholar
Brass, Thomas 1990 The Latin American Enganche System: Some Revisionist Reinterpretations Revisited. Slavery & Abolition 11(1):74–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Villanueva, Burgos, Rafael, Francisco 1995 El olimpo: un predio colonial en el lado poniente de la Plaza Mayor de Mérida, Yucatán, y análisis cerámico comparativo. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Castro Morales, Oliva 2003 La fábrica de loza fina de puebla. In Cerámica inglesa en México, edited by Jones Barclay, Olivia, Oliva Castro Morales, and Ana Paulina Gámez, pp. 39–17. Museo Franz Mayer, Artes de México, British Council, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Charlton, Thomas H. 1969 Ethnohistory and Archaeology: Post-Conquest Aztec Sites. American Antiquity 34(3):286–294.Google Scholar
Charlton, Thomas H. 2003 On Agrarian Landholdings in Post-Conquest Rural Mesoamerica. Ethnohistory 50(1):221–230.Google Scholar
Charlton, Thomas H., and Foumier, Patricia 1993 Urban and Rural Dimensions of the Contact Period: Central Mexico, 1521-1620. In Ethnohistory and Archaeology: Approaches to Postcontact Change in the Americas, edited by J. Daniel Rogers and Samuel M. Wilson, pp. 210–220. Plenum Press, New York.Google Scholar
Charlton, Thomas H., Foumier, Patricia, and Charlton, Cynthia Otis 2002 La cerámica del período colonial temprano en la Cuenca de México: permanencia y cambio en la cultural material. In La Producción alfarera en México antiguo, edited by Beatriz Leonor Merino Carrión and Angel García Cook, pp. 429–296. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Charlton, Thomas H., and Katz, Roberta 1979 Tonalá Brañida Ware, Past and Present. Archaeology 32(1):45–53.Google Scholar
Chevalier, François 1963 Land and Society in Colonial Mexico: The Great Hacienda. University of California Press, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Cross, Harry E. 1979 Debt Peonage Reconsidered: A Case Study in Nineteenth-Century Zacatecas, Mexico. The Business History Review 53:473–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cutting, Marion 2006 More than One Way to Study a Building: Approaches to Prehistoric Household and Settlement Space. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 25(3):225–246.Google Scholar
Deagan, Kathleen A 1983 Spanish St. Augustine: The Archaeology of a Colonial Creole Community. Academic Press.Google Scholar
deFrance, Susan D., and Hanson, Craig A. 2008 Labor, Population Movement, and Food in Sixteenth-Century Ek Balam, Yucatán. Latin American Antiquity 19(3):299–316.Google Scholar
Delle, James 2009 The Governor and the Enslaved: An Archaeology of Colonial Modernity at Marshall’s Pen, Jamaica. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 13(4):488–512.Google Scholar
Delle, James A., Mrozowski, Stephen A., and Paynter, Robert 2000 Lines that Divide: Historical Archaeologies of Race, Class, and Gender. 1st ed. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.Google Scholar
Emery, Kitty F. 1999 Continuity and Variability in Postclassic and Colonial Animal Use at Lamanai and Tipu, Belize. In Reconstructing Ancient Maya Diet, edited by Christine D. White, pp. 61–83. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Fennell, Christopher 2011 Early African America: Archaeological Studies of Significance and Diversity. Journal of Archaeological Research 19(1):1–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernández Dávila, Enrique, and Serafín, Susana Gómez 1998 Primer congreso nacional de arqueología histórica. Memoria: Oaxaca, 1996. Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Foumier, Patricia 1990 Evidencias arqueológicas de la importatión de cerámica en México, con base en los materiales del ex-con-vento de San Jerónimo. Colección Científica No. 213, serie Arqueología. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Foumier, Patricia 1998 La cerámica colonial del Templo Mayor. Arqueología Mexicana 31:52–59.Google Scholar
Foumier, Patricia 1999 La arqueología social latinoamericana: caracterización de una posición teórica marxista. In Sed non satiata. Teoria social en la arqueología latinoamericana contemporanea, edited by Andrés Zarankin and Félix A. Acuta, pp. 17–32. Ediciones de Tridente, Buenos Aires.Google Scholar
Foumier, Patricia 2003a Historical Archaeology in Mexico: A Reappraisal. The SAA Archaeological Record 3(4): 18–19.Google Scholar
Foumier, Patricia 2003b The Mayolica of Guanajuato. In Cerámica y Cultura: The Story of Spanish and Mexican Mayolica, edited by Robin Farwell Gavin, Donna Pierce, and Alfonso Pleguezuelo, pp. 296–313. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.Google Scholar
Foumier, Patricia, and Charlton, Thomas H. 1998 La tradición de mayólica en México (siglos XVI al XIX). Proceedings of the Primer Congreso Nacional de Arqueologia Histdrica, Memoria, 419-426. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e História, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Foumier García, Patricia 1997 Tendencias de consumo en méxico durante los períodios Colonial e Independiente. In Approaches to the Historical Archaeology of Mexico, Central and South America, Vol. 38, edited by Janine Gasco, Greg Charles Smith, and Patricia Foumier Garcia, pp. 49–58. Institute of Archaeology, University of California Press, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Foumier García, Patricia, and Mondragon, Lourdes 2003 Haciendas, Ranchos, and the Otomi Way of Life in the Mezquital Valley, Hidalgo, Mexico. Ethnohistory 50(1):47–68.Google Scholar
Franklin, Maria, and McKee, Larry 2004 Introduction to African Diaspora Archaeologies: Present Insights and Expanding Discourses. Historical Archaeology 38(1):1-9.Google Scholar
Funari, Pedro Paulo A. 1997 Archaeology, History, and Historical Archaeology in South America. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 1(3): 189–206.Google Scholar
Funari, Pedro Paulo A. 2006 Conquistadors, Plantations, and Quilombo: Latin America in Historical Archaeological Context. In Historical Archaeology, edited by Martin Hall and Stephen W. Silliman, pp. 209–229. Blackwell, Maiden, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Gage, Thomas 1655 A New Survey of the West-indias, or, The English American, his Travail by Sea and Land. 2nd ed. E. Cotes, London.Google Scholar
Gasco, Janine 1993 Socioeconomic Change within Native Society in Colonial Soconusco, New Spain. In Ethnohistory and Archaeology: Approaches to Postcontact Change in the Americas, pp. 163–180. Plenum Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gasco, Janine, Smith, Greg Charles, and García, Patricia Foumier (editors) 1997 Approaches to the Historical Archaeology of Mexico, Central, and South America. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Gibson, Charles 1964 The Aztecs Under Spanish Rule: A History of the Indians of the Valley of Mexico 1519-1810. Stanford University Press, Palo Alto.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
González Sánchez, Isabel 1997 Haciendas, tumultos y trabajadores Puebla-Tlaxcala: 1778-1798. Serie Manuales. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Hauser, Mark W. 2011 Routes and Roots of Empire: Pots, Power, and Slavery in the 18th-Century British Caribbean. American Anthropologist 113(3):431–447.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutson, Scott R., Stanton, Travis W., Magnoni, Aline, Terry, Richard, and Craner, Jason 2007 Beyond the Buildings: Formation Processes of Ancient Maya Houselots and Methods for the Study of Non-Architectural Space. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 26(3):442–473.Google Scholar
Jamieson, Ross W. 2001 Majolica in the Early Colonial Andes: the Role of Panamanian Wares. Latin American Antiquity 12(1):45–58.Google Scholar
Jamieson, Ross W. 2004 Bolts of Cloth and Sherds of Pottery: Impressions of Caste in the Material Culture of the Seventeenth Century Audiencia of Quito. The Americas 60(3):431–446.Google Scholar
Jamieson, Ross W. 2005 Colonialism, Social Archaeology and lo Andino: Historical Archaeology in the Andes. World Archaeology 37(3):352–372.Google Scholar
Johnston, Kevin J., and Gonlin, Nancy 1998 What Do Houses Mean? Approaches to the Analysis of Classic Maya Commoner Residences. In Function and Meaning in Classic Maya Architecture, edited by Stephen D. Houston, pp. 141–185. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Jones, David 1981 The Importance of the Hacienda in 19th Century Otumba and Apan, Basin of Mexico. Historical Archaeology 15(2):87–116.Google Scholar
Jones, Olive, Sullivan, Catherine, Miller, George L., Ann Smith, E., Harris, Jane E., and Lunn, Kevin 1989 The Parks Canada Glass Glossary. Canadian Government Publishing Centre, Supply and Services Canada, Hull, Quebec.Google Scholar
Juli, Harold 2003 Perspectives on Mexican Hacienda Archaeology. The SAA Archaeological Record 3(4):23–24.Google Scholar
Juli, Harold, Newman, Elizabeth Terese, and Sáenz Serdio, Martha Adriana 2006 Arqueología histórica en la Hacienda San Miguel Acocotla, Atlixco Puebla: informe de la primera temporada de excavaciones, 2005 y propuesta para la segunda temporada, 2006. Unpublished Report to the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Kamp, Kathryn A. 1993 Towards an Archaeology of Architecture: Clues from a Modern Syrian Village. Journal of Anthropological Research 49(4):293–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katz, Friedrich 1974 Labor Conditions on Haciendas in Porfirian Mexico: Some Trends and Tendencies. Hispanic American Historical Review 54(1): 1–47.Google Scholar
Kepecs, Susan, and Alexander, Rani T. (editors) 2005 The Postclassic to Spanish-era Transition in Mesoamerica: Archaeological Perspectives. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.Google Scholar
Killion, Thomas W. 1992 Residential Ethnoarchaeology and Ancient Site Structure: Contemporary Farming and Preshistoric Settlement Agriculture at Matacapan, Veracruz, Mexico. In Gardens of Prehistory: The Archaeology of Settlement Agriculture in Greater Mesoamerica, edited by Thomas W. Killion, pp. 119–149. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.Google Scholar
Klippel, Walter E. 2001 Sugar Monoculture, Bovid Skeletal Part Frequencies, and Stable Carbon Isotopes: Interpreting Enslaved African Diet at Brimstone Hill, St Kitts, West Indies. Journal of Archaeological Science 28:1191–1198.Google Scholar
Knight, Alan 1986 Mexican Peonage: What Was it and Why Was it? Journal of Latin American Studies 18(01):41–74.Google Scholar
Knight, Alan 2002 Mexico: The Colonial Era. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Kourí, Emilio 2002 Interpreting the Expropriation of Indian Pueblo Lands in Porfirian Mexico: The Unexamined Legacies of Andrés Molina Enríquez. Hispanic American Historical Review 82(1):69–117.Google Scholar
Little, Barbara J. 1994 People with History: An Update on Historical Archaeology in the United States. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 1(1):5–40.Google Scholar
Lyman, R. Lee 1994 Quantitative Units and Terminology in Zooarchaeology. American Antiquity 59(1):36–71.Google Scholar
Machuca Gallegos, Laura 2010 Relaciones entre los propietarios y los indígenas en las haciendas yucatecas del siglo XIX. In El pueblo maya y la sociedad regional. Perspectivas desde la lingüística, la etnohistoria y la antropología, edited by Jesús Lizama Quijano, pp. 83–113. Centro de Investigaciones Superiores en Antropología Social, Universidad de Oriente, Valladolid.Google Scholar
Machuca Gallegos, Laura 2011 Los hacendados de Yucatán (1785-1847). Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropologia Social, Instituto de Cultura de Yucatán, Mérida.Google Scholar
McGuire, Randall H., and Paynter, Robert (editors) 1991 The Archaeology of Inequality. Blackwell, Oxford.Google Scholar
Meyers, Allan D. 2012 Outside the Hacienda Walls: The Archaeology of Plantation Peonage in Nineteenth-Century Yucatan. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.Google Scholar
Meyers, Allan D., and Carlson, David L. 2002 Peonage, Power Relations and the Built Environment at Hacienda Tabi, Yucatán, Mexico. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 6(4):225–252.Google Scholar
Meyers, Allan D., Harvey, Allison S., and Levithol, Sarah A. 2008 Houselot Refuse Disposal and Geochemistry at a Late 19th Century Hacienda Village in Yucatán, Mexico. Journal of Field Archaeology 33(4):371–388.Google Scholar
Monroy-Guzmán, Fabiola, and Fournier, Patricia 2003 Elemental Composition of the Mexican Colonial Majolica using INAA. In Nuclear Analytical Techniques in Archaeological Investigations, pp. 147–161. Technical Reports, Vol. 416. IntemationalAtomic Energy Agency, Vienna.Google Scholar
Mrozowski, Stephen A. 2000 Managerial Capitalism and the Subtleties of Class Analysis in Historical Archaeology. In Lines that Divide: The Archaeologies of Race, Class and Gender, edited by James Delle, Stephen Mrozowski, and Robert Paynter, pp. 276–306. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.Google Scholar
Newman, Elizabeth Terese 2010 Butchers and Shamans: Zooarchaeology at a Central Mexican Hacienda. Historical Archaeology 44(2):35–50.Google Scholar
Newman, Elizabeth Terese 2013 From Prison to Home: Coercion and Cooption in 19th Century Mexico. Ethnohistory 60(4):663–692.Google Scholar
Newman, Elizabeth Terese 2014 Biography of a Hacienda: Work and Revolution in Rural Mexico. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.Google Scholar
Newman, Elizabeth Terese, and Juli, Harold D. 2008 Historical Archaeology and Indigenous Identity at the Ex-Hacienda San Miguel Acocotla, Atlixco, Puebla, Mexico. Electronic document, http://www.famsi.org/reports/06010/, accessed 1/15/2014.Google Scholar
Nickel, Herbert J. 1997 Elpeonaje en las haciendas Mexicanas: interpretations, fuentes, hallazgos. Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Oland, Maxine Heather 2009 Long-term Indigenous History on a Colonial Frontier: Archaeology at a 15th-17th Century Maya Village, Progresso Lagoon, Belize. Unpublished PhD. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston.Google Scholar
Orser, Charles E. Jr., and Funari, Pedro P. A. 2001 Archaeology and Slave Resistance and Rebellion. World Archaeology 33(1):61–72.Google Scholar
Palka, Joel W. 2005 Unconquered Lacandon Maya: Ethnohistory and Archaeology of Indigenous Culture Change. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Pavao-Zuckerman, Barnet 2011 Rendering Economies: Native American Labor and Secondary Animal Products in the Eighteenth-Century Pimenía Alta. American Antiquity 75(1):3–23.Google Scholar
Paynter, Robert 1989 The Archaeology of Equality and Inequality. Annual Review of Anthropology 18:369–399.Google Scholar
Politis, Gustavo G., and Pérez Gollán, José Antonio 2008 Latin American Archaeology: From Colonialism to Globalization. In A Companion to Social Archaeology, edited by Lynn Meskell and Robert W. Preucel, pp. 353–373. Blackwell, Maiden, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Robin, Cynthia 2002 Outside of Houses. Journal of Social Archaeology 2(2):245–268.Google Scholar
Rodríguez-Alegría, Enrique 2005 Eating Like an Indian: Negotiating Social Relations in the Spanish Colonies. Current Anthropology 46(4):551–573.Google Scholar
Rodríguez-Alegría, Enrique 2010 Incumbents and Challengers: Indigenous Politics and the Adoption of Spanish Material Culture in Colonial Xaltocan, Mexico. Historical Archaeology 44(2):51–71.Google Scholar
Rodríguez-Alegría, Enrique, Neff, Hector, and Glascock, Michael D. 2003 Indigenous Ware or Spanish Import? The Case of Indígena Ware and Approaches to Power in Colonial Mexico. Latin American Antiquity 14(1):67–81.Google Scholar
Rodríguez, Ileana, and López, María Milagros (editors) 2001 The Latin American Subaltern Studies Reader. Duke University Press, Durham.Google Scholar
Soriano, Romano, Carmen, María del 2005 San Miguel Acocotla, Atlixco: las voces y la historia de una hacienda triguera. Unpublished Licenciatura thesis, Departamento de Antropología, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Cholula, Mexico.Google Scholar
Schulz, Peter D., and Gust, Sherri M. 1983 Faunal Remains and Social Status in 19th Century Sacramento. Historical Archaeology 17(1):43–53.Google Scholar
Seifert, Donna 1977 Archaeological Majolicas of the Rural Teotihuacan Valley, Mexico. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Iowa, Des Moines.Google Scholar
Singleton, Theresa A. 1999 “I, too, am America”: Archaeological Studies of African-American Life. University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville.Google Scholar
Singleton, Theresa A. 2001 Slavery and Spatial Dialectics on Cuban Coffee Plantations. World Archaeology 33(1):98–114.Google Scholar
Singleton, Theresa, and Torres Souza, Marcos André 2009 Archaeologies of the African Diaspora: Brazil, Cuba, and the United States. In International Handbook of Historical Archaeology, edited by David Gaimster and Teresita Majewski, pp. 449–469. Springer, New York.Google Scholar
Sweitz, Samuel Randies 2012 Total History: The Meaning of Hacienda Tabi. In On the Periphery of the Periphery, pp. 239–251. Contributions To Global Historical Archaeology, Vol. 3. Springer, New York.Google Scholar
Tutino, John 1986 From Insurrection to Revolution in Mexico: Social Bases of Agrarian Violence, 1750-1940. Princeton University Press, Princeton.Google Scholar
Velasquez Sánchez-Hidalgo, Verónica 2012 Lugar de maravillas: arqueología en Pacific City: sedimentos y vestigios de un sueño utópico del siglo XIX en el none de Sinaloa. Axial, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Villanueva Mukul, Eric 1984 Asítomamos las tierras; henequén y haciendas en Yucatán durante el Porfiriato. Maldonado Editores, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historía, Mérida.Google Scholar
Villanueva Mukul, Eric 2009 El fin del oro verde: conflicto social y movimiento campesino 1960-2008. Centra de Estudios para el Desarrollo Sustentable Rural y la Soberanía Alimentaria, Cámara de Diputados XL Legislatura/Congreso de la Unión, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Voss, Barbara L 2012 Status and Ceramics in Spanish Colonial Archaeology. Historical Archaeology 46(2):39–54.Google Scholar
Zavala, Silvio 1944 Orígenes históricos del peonaje en México. Trimestre Económico 10:711–748.Google Scholar
Zeitlin, Judith Francis 2005 Cultural Politics in Colonial Tehuantepec: Community and State among the Isthmus Zapotec, 1500-1750. Stanford University Press, Stanford.Google Scholar
Zeitlin, Judith Francis, and Newman, Elizabeth Terese 2005 Domestic Animals in Domestic Spaces: The Indigenization of Pastoral Economies in Colonial Mexico. Paper presented at the 38th Annual Conference of the Society for Historical Archaeology, York, England.Google Scholar