Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T21:43:00.309Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

“I have to read it out loud”: Intertextuality in prison discipline

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2018

Lori Labotka*
Affiliation:
University of Arizona, USA
*
Address for correspondence: Lori Labotka University of ArizonaEmil W. Haury Anthropology Building 1009 E. South Campus Drive Tucson, AZ 85721, USA[email protected]

Abstract

This article combines ethnographic and linguistic analysis to illuminate a critical aspect of the US criminal justice system—disciplinary hearings in prison. Focusing on one woman's (Cherry's) hearing, I consider the remaking of power through bureaucratic procedure. The scripted interaction requires the sergeant to read Cherry's ticket out loud in his performance of authority. I explore the intertextual relations motivated by this verbal animation for their ability to construct a unified front of the institution against which Cherry is tried. Cherry, however, manipulates these intertextual relationships, deploying verbal skills gained through her long entanglement with the criminal justice system to mitigate her punishment. The linguistic analysis of Cherry's hearing, positioned in her prison history, reveals the continual remaking of power in prison interactions that are framed by institutional regulations influencing the negotiation of officer authority and possibilities of inmate resistance. (Prisons, intertextuality, resistance, power, legal interactions)*

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

I would like to thank my research participants for their invaluable assistance. I would also like to thank Dr. Brackette F. Williams, Dr. Norma Mendoza-Denton, and Dr. Jennifer Roth-Gordon for their guidance on the project. Finally, I am grateful to the Society of Linguistic Anthropology for their recognition of and feedback on an earlier version of this article, and to the UCLA's Center for Language, Interaction, and Culture for their thoughtful input on this analysis.

References

Abu-Lughod, Lila (1990). The romance of resistance: Tracing transformations of power through Bedouin women. American Ethnologist 17(1):4155.Google Scholar
Anderson, Helen A. (2016). Police stories. Northwestern University Law Review 111:1939.Google Scholar
Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Bakhtin, Mikhail (1975/1981). The dialogic imagination: Four essays. Emerson, Caryl & Holquist, Michael (trans.). Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Benveniste, Emile (1971). Problems in general linguistics. Coral Gables: University of Miami Press.Google Scholar
Bosworth, Mary (1999). Engendering resistance: Agency and power in women's prisons. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Briggs, Charles (1993). Metadiscursive practices and scholarly authority in folkloristics. Journal of American Folklore 106:387434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briggs, Charles, & Bauman, Richard (1992). Genre, intertextuality, and social power. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 2(2):131–72.Google Scholar
Cammack, Mark (1991). Evidence rules and the ritual functions of trials: Saying something of something. Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review 25:783–96.Google Scholar
Ciszak, Michelle C. (1996). Sandin v. Conner: Locking out prisoners’ due process claims. Catholic University Law Review 45(3):1101–45.Google Scholar
Clark, Herbert H., & Gerrig, Richard J. (1990). Quotations as demonstrations. Language 66(4):764805.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel (1977). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. Sheridan, Alan (trans.). New York: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Garfinkel, Harold (1967). Ethnomethodology. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Goffman, Erving (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Goffman, Erving (1981). Forms of talk. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Goodwin, Marjorie (1980). He-said-she-said: Formal cultural procedures for the construction of a gossip dispute activity. American Ethnologist 7(4):674–95.Google Scholar
Goodwin, Marjorie (1990). He-said-she-said: Talk as social organization among black children. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar
Halldorsdottir, Iris (2006). Orientations to law, guidelines, and codes in lawyer–client interaction. Research on Language & Social Interaction 39(3):263301.Google Scholar
Hill, Jane H., & Irvine, Judith T. (1993). Introduction. In Hill, Jane H. & Irvine, Judith T. (eds.), Responsibility and evidence in oral discourse, 123. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Irvine, Judith T. (1996). Shadow conversations: The indeterminancy of participant roles. In Silverstein, Michael & Urban, Greg (eds.), Natural histories of discourse, 131–59. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Komter, Martha L. (2006a). Introduction. Research on Language & Social Interaction 39(3):195200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Komter, Martha L. (2006b). From talk to text: The interactional construction of a police record. Research on Language & Social Interaction 39(3):201–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lincoln, Bruce (1994). Authority: Construction and corrosion. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Martinez, Esther G. (2006). The interweaving of talk and text in a French criminal pretrial hearing. Research on Language & Social Interaction 39(3): 229–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matoesian, Gregory M. (1999). The grammaticalization of participant roles in the construction of expert identity. Language in Society 28(4):491–21.Google Scholar
Matoesian, Gregory M. (2000). Intertextual authority in reported speech: Production media in the Kennedy Smith rape trial. Journal of Pragmatics 32:879914.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendoza-Denton, Norma (1995). Pregnant pauses: Silence and authority in the Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas hearings. In Hall, Kira & Bucholtz, Mary (eds.), Gender articulated: Language and the socially constructed self, 51–66. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Mertz, Elizabeth (1985). Beyond symbolic anthropology: Introducing semiotic mediation. In Mertz, Elizabeth & Parmentier, Richard J. (eds.), Semiotic mediation: Sociocultural and psychological perspectives, 119. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Mertz, Elizabeth (2007). The language of law school: Learning to think like a lawyer. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ochs, Elinor, & Taylor, Carolyn (1992). Family narratives as political activity. Discourse & Society 3(3):301–40.Google Scholar
Ochs, Elinor, & Capps, Lisa (1996). Narrating the self. Annual Review of Anthropology 25:1943.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Philips, Susan (1998). Ideology in the language of judges: How judges practice law, politics, and courtroom control. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rhodes, Lorna (2004). Total confinement: Madness and reason in the maximum security prison. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Rhodes, Lorna (2005). Changing the subject: Conversation in supermax. Cultural Anthropology 20(3):388411.Google Scholar
Roosevelt, Kermit III (2003). Exhaustion under the Prison Litigation Reform Act: The consequence of procedural error. Emory Law Journal 52:17711814.Google Scholar
Tannen, Deborah (1989). Talking voices: Repetition, dialog, and imaginary conversation in discourse. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Tannen, Deborah, & Wallat, Cynthia (1987). Interactive frames and knowledge schemas in interaction: Examples from a medical examination/interview. Social Psychology Quarterly 50(2):205–16.Google Scholar
ten Have, Paul (1991). Talk and institution: A reconsideration of the ‘asymmetry’ of doctor-patient interaction. In Boden, Deirdre & Zimmerman, Donald H. (eds.), Talk and social structure: Studies in ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, 138–36. Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Voloshinov, V. N. (1973). Marxism and the philosophy of language. Matejka, Ladislav & Titunik, I. R. (trans.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar