Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T19:29:39.313Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dialogue management for co-operative knowledge based systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 July 2009

S. P. Stenton
S. P. Stenton
Affiliation:
Hewlett-Packard Ltd, Bristol Research Centre
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This review presents a brief survey of approaches to describing dialogues with computers which are relevant to improving communication between users and knowledge based systems. One approach to achieving improvements is to exploit the conventions of human communication. The review draws together some of the work on co-operative behavour which reflects these conventions. An analysis is presented which goes some way towards identifying the knowledge required and the issues to be tackled.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Knowledge Engineering Review , Volume 2 , Issue 2 , June 1987 , pp. 99 - 122
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, J. and Perrault, P.C. (1980). “Analysing intention in utterances”. Artificial intelligence 15, pp. 143–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Appell, D.E. (1985). Planning English Sentences. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Austin, J.L. (1962). How to Do Things with Words. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bartlett, F.C. (1932). Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Boguraev, B.K. and Jones, Sparck (1984). “A natural language front end to databases with evaluative feedback.” In Gardarin, G. and Gelenbe, E. (Eds), New Applications of Data bases. Academic Press, pp. 159–182.Google Scholar
Brueker, B.J. and Wielinga, J.A. (1986). “The use of models in the interpretation of verbal behaviour,” in Kidd, A.L. (Ed.) Knowledge Elicitation for Expert Systems: A Practical Handbook. Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Chandrasekaran, B. and Milne, R. (1985). “Reasoning about structure, behaviour and function.” SIGART Newsletter 93.Google Scholar
Clancey, W.J. (1986). “Qualitative Student Models.” Stanford KSL working paper KSL-86–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, H. and Carlson, T. (1982). “Hearers and speech acts.” Language 58(2).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clark, H. and Marshall, C. (1981). “Definite reference and mutual knowledge,” in Joshi, A.K., Sag, I., and Webber, B.L. (Eds). Linguistic Structure and Discourse Setting. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, P.R. (1978). On Knowing What to Say: Planning Speech Acts. PhD Thesis, Toronto.Google Scholar
Cohen, P.R. and Levesque, H.J. (1987). “Persistence, Intention and Commitment.” SRI technical note 415, Feb. 19th.Google Scholar
Coombs, M. and Alty, J. (1984). “Expert systems: an alternative paradigm,” Int. Jnl. Man Machine Studies 20, pp. 21–23.Google Scholar
Davis, R. (1982). “Expert systems: Where are we and where do we go from here”? A.I. Magazine 3, p. 22.Google Scholar
Davis, R. (1984). “Diagnostic reasoning based on structure and behaviour.” Artificial Intelligence 24(1–3).Google Scholar
de Kleer, J. and Brown, J. (1984). “A qualitative physics based on confluences.” Artificial Intelligence 24(1–3), pp. 205–280.Google Scholar
Dijkstra, E.W. (1976). A Discipline of Programming. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Fawcett, R. (1986). “Systemic Functional Grammar.” Seminar given at HPLabs BRC 12/12/85.Google Scholar
Finin, T.W., Joshi, A.K. and Webber, B.L. (1986). “Natural language interactions with artificial experts.” Proc. IEEE 74(7), pp. 921–938.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gal, A. and Minker, J. (1985). “A natural language database interface that provides co-operative answers.” Proc. 2nd IEEE Ann. Conf. A.I. Applications.Google Scholar
Grice, H.P. (1975). “Logic and conversation,” in Cole, P. and Morgan, J. (Eds), Syntax and Semantics. Academic Press, pp. 41–58.Google Scholar
Grosz, B. (1977). “The representation and use of focus in dialogue understanding.” PhD Thesis, Univ. Cal. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Halliday, M.A.K. and Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. Longman: London.Google Scholar
Hasan, R. (1971). “Text in the systemic-functional model,” in Dressler, W. (Ed.). Current Trends in Textlinguistics, De Gruyter, Berlin.Google Scholar
Hendrix, G., Sacerdoti, E., Sagalowicz, D. and Slocum, J. (1978). “Developing a natural language interface to complex data.” ACM Trans. Database Sys. 3(2), pp. 105–147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hess, M. (1985). “About the role of control information in natural language question answering systems.” Natural Language Understanding and Logic Programming. Elsevier Science Publishers (North Holland).Google Scholar
Hirschberg, J. (1986). “Anticipating false implicatures: co-operative responses in question-answer systems,” in Kerschberg, L. (Ed.), Expert Database Systems. Benjamin Cummings Pubi. Co. Inc.Google Scholar
Hobbs, J. (1976). A Computational Approach to Discourse Analysis. City Univ. New York.Google Scholar
Joshi, A.K. (1982). “The role of mutual beliefs in question answering systems.” In Smith, N. (Ed.), Mutual Belief. Academic Press.Google Scholar
Kaplan, S.J. (1982). “Co-operative responses from a portable natural language database query system,” in Brady, M. (Ed.), Computational Models of Discourse, MIT Press.Google Scholar
Kidd, A.L. (1984). “Dialogue and explanation in expert systems”—Invited paper for Joint MMI/IKBS Alvey Workshop, Cambridge (Nov.).Google Scholar
Kidd, A.L. (1985). “What do users ask? Some thoughts on diagnostic advice,” in Merry, M. (Ed.), Expert Systems '85, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kidd, A.L. (1986). “Leo: A research programme in co-operative knowledge based system design.” Tech. Report HPL-BRC-TR-86–015.Google Scholar
Kidd, A.L. and Sharpe, W.P. (1986). “Goals for expert system research: An analysis of tasks and domains.” Tech Report HPL-BRC-TM-86–041.Google Scholar
Kuipers, B. (1984). “Commonsense reasoning about causality: Deriving behaviour from structure.” Artificial intelligence 24 (1–3), pp. 169–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehnert, W. (1981). “A computational theory of human question answering,” In Joshi, A.K., Webber, B.L. and Sag, I., Elements of Discourse Understanding, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Levin, J.A. and Moore, J.A. (1977). “Dialogue-Games: Metacommunication structures for natural language interaction.” Cogn. Sci. 4, pp. 395–421.Google Scholar
Linde, C. (1980). “The organisation of discourse,” in Shopen, T. and Williams, J.M., Style and Variables in English. Winthrop Pubi. Inc.Google Scholar
McKeown, K. (1983). “Paraphrasing using given and new information in a question-answering system.” Am. M. Comp. Ling. 9(1), pp. 1–11.Google Scholar
McKeown, K. (1985). “Discourse strategies for generating natural language texts.” Artificial Intelligence 27, pp. 1–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mays, E. (1980). “Failures in natural language systems: Application to database query systems.” Proc. 1st Nat. Conf. A.L (AAAI). Stanford (08).Google Scholar
Mercer, R. and Rosenberg, R. (1984). “Generating corrective answers by computing presuppositions of answers, not questions.” Proc. Can. Soc. Comp. Stud., Univ. Western Ontario (04).Google Scholar
Minsky, M. (1975). “A framework for representing knowledge,” in Winston, P.H. (Ed.). The Psychology of Computer Vision, MIT Press.Google Scholar
Miller, P. (1984). “A Critiquing Approach to Expert Computer Advice: Attending.” Pitman Advanced Pubi. Prog.Google Scholar
Moore, R.C. (1980). “Reasoning about knowledge and action.” SRI International A. I. Center Tech. Note 187.Google Scholar
Motro, A. (1986a). “Supporting goal queries in relational databases.” Proc 1st Int. Conf. Expert Database Systems, pp. 85–95.Google Scholar
Motro, A. (1986b). “A query generalisation: A method for interpreting null answers.” In Kerschberg, L., Expert Database Systems (Ed.), Benjamin Cummings Pubi. Co. Inc.Google Scholar
Muekstein, E.M. (1983). “Q-Trans: Query translation into English.” 8th U.C.A.I., Karlsruhe (08).Google Scholar
Petrie-Brown, A. (1986). Dialogue games and context spaces. 1st Workshop on Co-operative Dialogue Management, Bristol (10).Google Scholar
Pollack, M. (1985). “Information sought and information provided.” Proc. C.H.I. '85, A.C.M., San Francisco (04), pp. 155–160.Google Scholar
Power, R. (1979). “The organisation of purposeful dialogues.” Linguistics 17, pp. 107–151.Google Scholar
Rawlings, C.J., Taylor, W.R., Nyakairu, J., Fox, J. and Sternberg, M.J.E. (1985). “Reasoning about protein topology using the logic programming language Prolog.” Jnl. Molecular Graphics 3(4), pp. 151–157.Google Scholar
Reichman, R. (1985). Getting Computers to Talk Like You and Me. MIT Press.Google Scholar
Rosenchein, J.S. (1981). “Abstract theories of discourse and the formal specification of programs that converse.” In Joshi, A.K., Webber, B.L. and Sag, I.. Elements of Discourse Understanding, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rummelhart, D.E. (1975). “Notes on a schema for stories,” in Bobrow, D. and Collins, A. (Eds), Representation and Understanding, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Sacks, H., Shegloff, E. and Jefferson, G. (1974). “A simplest systematics for the organisation of turntaking for conversation.” Language 50(4), pp. 696–735.Google Scholar
Schank, R. and Abelson, R.P. (1977). Scripts Plans Goals and Understanding. Hillside N.J. Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Searle, J.R. (1969). Speech Acts, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Searle, J.R. (1971). What is a speech act? in Searle, J.R. (Ed.), The Philosophy of Language, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Shortliffe, E. (1976). Computer-based Medical Consultations: MYCIN. New York, Elsevier.Google Scholar
Sidner, C. (1979). “Towards a computational theory of definite anaphora comprehension in English discourse.” PhD Thesis, MIT.Google Scholar
Sleeman, D. and Brown, J.S. (1982). (Eds.). Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Steels, L. (1984). Building second generation expert systems in 1985, One day tutorial, Expert Systems '84, BCS/SGES Warwick (12).Google Scholar
Weiner, J.L. (1980). “BLAH, A system which explains its reasoning.” Artificial Intelligence 15, pp. 19–48.Google Scholar
Winograd, T. and Flores, F. (1986). Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design. Ablex Pubi. Inc.Google Scholar
Young, R.M. (1984). Human interface of expert systems. Invited talk at the 1st Expert Systems Theme Workshop (5th-6th 03).Google Scholar