Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T17:56:06.590Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

From which Ocotea diospyrifolia trees does Alouatta caraya (Primates, Atelidae) eat fruits?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2012

Susana Patricia Bravo*
Affiliation:
IEGEBA Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Extract

Ecological and morphological traits of fruiting trees, such as spatial distribution (Levey et al. 1984), crop size (Howe & vande Kerckhove 1981, Korine et al. 2000, Leighton 1993, Murray 1987), local availability of fruit (Sargent 1990), seed size or pulp/seed mass ratio (Julliot 1996a, Leighton 1993, McConkey et al. 2002, Russo 2003, Stevenson et al. 2005) and nutritional value and concentration of secondary compounds (Leighton 1993, Milton 1980, Sallabanks 1993), influence fruit preference in animals. In general, frugivores maximize energy intake by consuming ripe fruit with smaller seeds, higher pulp/seed ratio, bigger crop size, more nutritional fruits or fruits with fewer secondary compounds (Howe & vande Kerckhove 1981, Julliot 1996a, Korine et al. 2000, Leighton 1993, Milton 1980, Murray 1987, Russo 2003, Stevenson et al. 2005).

Type
Short Communication
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

LITERATURE CITED

BLENDINGER, P. G., LOISELLE, B. A. & BLAKE, J. G. 2008. Crop size, plant aggregation, and microhabitat type affect fruit removal by birds from individual melastome plants in the Upper Amazon. Oecologia 158:273283.Google Scholar
BRAVO, S. P. 2003. Efecto de carayá (Alouatta caraya) en la dinámica y regeneración de las Selvas de inundación del Paraná medio. Doctoral thesis, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires.Google Scholar
BRAVO, S. P. 2008. Seed dispersal and ingestion of insect-infested seeds by black howler monkeys in flooded forests of the Parana River, Argentina. Biotropica 40:471476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
BRAVO, S. P. 2009. Implications of behavior and gut passage for seed dispersal quality: the case of black and gold howler monkeys. Biotropica 41:751758.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
BRAVO, S. P. 2012. The impact of seed dispersal by black and gold howler monkeys on forest regeneration. Ecological Research 27:311321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
BRAVO, S. P. & SALLENAVE, A. 2003. Foraging behavior and activity patterns of Alouatta caraya in the northeastern Argentinean flooded forest. International Journal of Primatology 24:825846.Google Scholar
DALY, D. C. & MITCHELL, J. D. 2000. Lowland vegetation of tropical South America: an overview. Pp. 391454 in Lentz, D. (ed.). Imperfect balance: landscape transformations in the pre-Columbian Americas. Columbia University Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ERIKSON, O. & EHRLEN, J. 1998. Phenological adaptations in fleshy vertebrate-dispersed fruits of temperate plants. Oikos 82:617621.Google Scholar
HOWE, H. F. & VANDE KERCKHOVE, W. M. 1981. Removal of wild nutmeg Virola surinamensis crops by birds. Ecology 62:10931106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
JULLIOT, C. 1996a. Fruit choice by red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) in a tropical rain forest. American Journal of Primatology 40:261282.Google Scholar
JULLIOT, C. 1996b. Seed dispersal by red howling monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) in the tropical rain forest of French Guiana. International Journal of Primatology 17:239258.Google Scholar
KORINE, C., KALKO, E. K. V. & HERRE, E. A. 2000. Fruit characteristics and factors affecting fruit removal in Panamian community of strangler figs. Oecologia 123:560568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LEIGHTON, M. 1993. Modeling dietary selectivity by Bornean orangutans: evidence for integration of multiple criteria in fruit selection. International Journal of Primatology 14:257313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LEVEY, D. J., MOERMOND, T. C. & DENSLOW, J. S. 1984. Fruit choice in Neotropical birds: the effect of distance between fruits on preference patterns. Ecology 65:844850.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MANZUR, M. I. & COURTNEY, S. P. 1984. Influence of insect damage in fruits of hawthorn on bird foraging and seed dispersal. Oikos 43:265270.Google Scholar
MCCONKEY, K. R., ALDY, F., ARIO, A. & CHIVERS, J. D. 2002. Selection of fruits by gibbons (Hylobates muelleri × agilis) in the rain forests of Central Borneo. International Journal of Primatology 23:123145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MILTON, K. 1980. The foraging strategy of howler monkeys: a study in primate economics. Columbia University Press, New York.Google Scholar
MURRAY, K. G. 1987. Selection for optimal crop size in bird-dispersed plants. American Naturalist 129:1831.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
REDFORD, K. H., BOUCHARDET DA FONSECA, G. A. & LACHER, T. E. 1984. The relationship between frugivory and insectivory in primates. Primates 25:433440.Google Scholar
RUSSO, S. E. 2003. Responses of dispersal agents to tree and fruit traits in Virola calophylla (Myristicaceae): implications for selection. Oecologia 136:8087.Google Scholar
SALLABANKS, R. 1993. Hierarchical mechanisms of fruit selection by an avian frugivore. Ecology 74:13261336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SARACCO, J. F., COLLAZO, J. A., GROOM, M. J. & CARLO, T. A. 2005. Crop size and fruit neighborhood effects on bird visitation to fruiting Schefflera morototoni trees in Puerto Rico. Biotropica 37:8086.Google Scholar
SARGENT, S. 1990. Neighborhood effects on fruit removal by birds: a field experiment with Viburnum dentatum (Caprifoliaceae). Ecology 71:12891298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
STEVENSON, P. R. 2004. Fruit choice by woolly monkeys in Tinigua National Park, Colombia. International Journal of Primatology 25:367381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
STEVENSON, P. R., PINEDA, M. & SAMPER, T. 2005. Influence of seed size on dispersal patterns of woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagothricha) at Tinigua Park, Colombia. Oikos 110:435440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
TRAVESET, A., WILLSON, M. F. & GAITHER, J. C. 1995. Avoidance by birds of insect-infested fruits of Vaccinium ovalifolium. Oikos 73:381386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
UTZURRUM, R. C. B. & HEIDEMAN, P. D. 1991. Differential ingestion of viable vs. nonviable Ficus seeds by fruit bats. Biotropica 23:311312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
VALBURG, L. K. 1992a. Feeding preferences of common bush tanagers for insect infested fruits: avoidance or attraction? Oikos 65:2933.Google Scholar
VALBURG, L. K. 1992b. Eating infested fruits: interactions in a plant–disperser–bird triad. Oikos 65:2528.Google Scholar
ZUNINO, G. E., GONZALEZ, V., KOWALEWSKI, M. M. & BRAVO, S. P. 2000. Alouatta caraya: relations among habitat, density and social organization. Primate Reports 61:3746.Google Scholar