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Demography of Cycas micronesica on Guam following introduction of the armoured scale Aulacaspis yasumatsui

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2012

Thomas E. Marler  and
John H. Lawrence
Thomas E. Marler*
Affiliation:
Western Pacific Tropical Research Center, CNAS, University of Guam, UOG Station, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA
John H. Lawrence
Affiliation:
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Mongmong, Guam, 96910, USA
*
1Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract:

Following the 2003 invasion of the armoured scale Aulacaspis yasumatsui to Guam, changes to population traits of the dominant Cycas micronesica were determined. Belt transects with a width of 4 m and an average length of 120 m were established in October 2004 to document plant mortality until January 2011. Stem height, basal diameter and leaf number were also measured for each plant and used to determine density, demography and allometric relationships. Allometric traits and a left-skewed demographic structure of the pre-invasion C. micronesica habitat documented a thriving population with high recruitment potential. Aulacaspis yasumatsui dispersed into the study site 4 mo after the initial census. All seedlings were killed within 9 mo and all juvenile plants were killed within 40 ± 10 mo. Mortality reached 92% by 6 y after chronic scale infestations. Allometry and demography of the 2011 survivors described a collapsing C. micronesica population of stressed and reproductively challenged trees with no recruitment. This classic example of the enemy release hypothesis has resulted in a homogeneous decline in plant density from 2007–2011. The trend predicts extirpation of C. micronesica from west Guam habitats by 2019.

Keywords

Cycadaceaeendangered speciesGuaminvasion ecologyoceanic islandspopulation dynamicssurvival
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 28 , Issue 3 , May 2012 , pp. 233 - 242
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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References

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