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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 March 2011
It is a fact that hardly requires repetition that one of the edicts on the pillar of Aśoka standing inside Akbar's fort at Allahabad is addressed to the Mahāmātras of Kauśāmbī (modern Kosam on the bank of the Jamna, about thirty miles from Allahabad) whence it was removed to Allahabad by some king. Cunningham suggested that Firūz Shāh, who is known to have removed two other Aśokan columns to Delhi from Meerut (Mīrath) and Topra, was the author also of this removal from Kosam to Allahabad. On this Hultzsch makes the following remarks: “But while Delhi was the capital of Firōz Shāh, Allahabad was founded, or rather re-founded two centuries after him by Akbar. This ruler may have removed from Kōsam the Allahabad pillar, on which the inscriptions of his favourite Bīrbal and of his son Jahāngīr are engraved. In this case the pillar would have been still standing at Kōsam when the inscription of Samudragupta was incised on it.” The divergence between the views of these two scholars makes the subject worthy of a fresh study.
page 697 note 1 JBAS., 1927, pp. 689 ff.
page 697 note 2 Bhandarkar, D. R., Aśoka, 2nd edition, p. 382Google Scholar; Mookerji, R. K., Aśoka, p. 86Google Scholar.
page 697 note 3 Cunningham, , Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, vol. i, pp. 38–9Google Scholar.
page 697 note 4 Hultzsch, , Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, vol. i, p. xxGoogle Scholar.
page 698 note 1 Marshall, , A Guide to Sanchi, p. 93Google Scholar.
page 698 note 2 Elliot, and Dowson, , History of India as told by its own Historians, vol. iii, p. 351Google Scholar.
page 698 note 3 Cunningham, loc. cit., p. 39.
page 698 note 4 Strangely, the word saphala “meritorious”, “fruitful,” has been taken to denote the name of the insoriber.
page 699 note 1 Akbar-nāma of Fazl, Abu-I, tr. , Beveridge, vol. iii, pp. 122 ff.Google Scholar; Ṭabaqāti-i-Akbarī of Niẓāmuddīn, , Elliot, and Dowson, , vol. v, p. 372Google Scholar.
page 699 note 2 Muntakhab-ut-tawarīkh of Badaonī, , tr. , Lowe, vol. ii, p. 176Google Scholar.
page 699 note 3 Akbar-nāma, vol. iii, pp. 616–17.
page 700 note 1 Cunningham, loc. cit., quoted below.
page 700 note 2 Purchas His Pilgrimes, vol. iv, p. 67 (italics ours).
page 701 note 1 Ibid., p. 48.
page 701 note 2 Elliot and Dowson, vol. iii, pp. 350–1.
page 701 note 3 Ibid., p. 354; Badaoni, tr. Ranking, vol. i, p. 327; Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1838, pp. 429–430Google Scholar; Cambridge History of India, vol. iii, plate xxxviii.
page 701 note 4 Memoirs, tr. Mrs, Beveridge, vol. iii, p. 655Google Scholar.
page 701 note 5 Ṭabaqāt-i-Akbarī, tr. De, B., p. 260Google Scholar.
page 702 note 1 Briggs, , Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India, vol. i, p. 465Google Scholar.
page 702 note 2 Elliot and Dowson, vol. iii, p. 354.
page 702 note 3 Cunningham, loc. cit.
page 702 note 4 Hultzsch, loo. cit., plates facing pp. 156 and 158.
page 703 note 1 Mahābhārata, Bombay edition, iii, 85, 69 ff. et passim.
page 703 note 2 Scheftelowitz, , Die Apokryphen des Ṛigveda, p. 171Google Scholar.
page 703 note 3 Majjhima Nikāya, P.T.S.. vol. i, p. 39.
page 704 note 1 Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, vol. vi, pt. ii, p. 968; for a copy of the inscription, see ibid., plate lvi, No. 10.
page 704 note 2 Quoted in Smith, V. A., Early History of India, 4th edition, p. 298, n. 3Google Scholar.
page 704 note 3 For example, Mahābhārata, i, 55, 1. The Prayāga-Māhātmya in the Padma-Purā็a (ed. , Ānandāśrama), i, 43, 46Google Scholar, mentions a spot called Daśāśvamedha at Prayāga.
page 704 note 4 Beal, , Buddhist Records of the Western World, vol. i, p. 203Google Scholar.
pagte 704 note 5 Sastri, Hirananda in Sir Asutosh Memorial Volume, part 1, p. 231Google Scholar.
page 705 note 1 “Le sommet est orné d'un globe de pierre surmonté d'un cone,” Description Historique et Geographique de l'Inde, 1791, Tome I, p. 224.
page 705 note 2 Ibid., facing p. 223.
page 705 note 3 See the enclosed photograph, for which we are indebted to Mr. B. M. Vyas, Executive Officer, Allahabad Municipal Board, and the organizer of the Allahabad Municipal Museum.
page 705 note 4 Cunningham, , Archæological Survey of India, vol. i, p. 300Google Scholar.
page 705 note 5 Cunningham, , Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, vol. i, p. 37Google Scholar.
page 706 note 1 Ball, , Travels of Tavernier, vol. i, p. 119Google Scholar. The pillar referred to is probably the Lāṭ Bhairo, which was destroyed in the communal riot of 1809. (District Gazetteer of the United Provinces, vol. xxvi, p. 208; also Führer, , Monumental Antiquities and Inscriptions of the North-West Province and Oudh, p. 206Google Scholar.)