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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 March 2011
Free intercourse with Malabar was long denied to the rest of Southern India by the formidable natural obstacle of the Western Ghats with their impenetrable fastnesses and few passes. Owing chiefly to this circumstance that part of the country remained to a great extent isolated and secure from frequent invasions by other southern powers. This isolation, coupled with the conservative nature of the people of this tract, accounts for the preservation intact of several ancient customs of the Indians. Even in later times, whenever there had been any general disaster affecting the whole of the Dekhan, such as an invasion by the Muhammadan kings of the Khilji and Taghlak lines, the west coast afforded a safe asylum to the rest of the south. There is nothing unnatural in the following exclamation of the poet-composer of the Tiruvālaṅgāḍu plates of the eleventh century a.d.:—
“Excepting Paramēśvara, who else in this world could contemplate even in mind the humiliation of that country which is protected by the glory of the crest jewel of the Bhrgu race (i.e. Paraśu-Rāma) and the austerities of its chiefs, and which had not been injured by enemies.”
page 163 note 1 South-Indian Inscriptions, vol. iii, pt. i, No. 28, text-II. 2 ff.Google Scholar
page 163 note 2 Another reading of this word is miḍal.
page 163 note 3 See vol. iii, p. 56.
page 164 note 1 Ind. Ant., vol. xxiv, p. 254, n. 21.Google Scholar
page 165 note 1 Travancore Archœological Series, vol. i, p. 188.Google Scholar
page 166 note 1 Vol. ii, pp. 87 ff.
page 167 note 1 That there is little possibility of this will be shown by the fact that the date of the movement of the Mūshakas from Mid-India to the W. Ghats, if it really occurred in early times, must have been after the reign of Khāravēla and before the date of the Bharata-nāṭya-śāstra.
page 168 note 1 Verse 43 of canto vi of the Raghuvaṁśa runs as under:—
page 168 note 2 Colonel Todd identifies Māhishmatī with Chuli Maheswar.
page 169 note 1 Journal of the Bihar Research Society, vol. i, p. 425.Google Scholar
page 169 note 2 Ibid., p. 148.
page 169 note 3 p. 148.
page 169 note 4 Ind. Ant., vol. xix, p. 16.Google Scholar
page 169 note 5 Verse 58 of ch. 9, Bhīshma-Parva: 
page 173 note 1 Travancore Archœological Series, vol. i, p. 193.Google Scholar
page 173 note 2 L'Iconographie Bouddhique, par Foucher, A., pt. i, p. 105Google Scholar, pt. iv, No. 5.