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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 March 2011
During the disturbed period in the first half of the twelfth century, when the break up of the 
monarchy was followed in quick succession by the establishment of the 
kingdom first in 
and afterwards in the plains of Northern India, by the invasion of the Shāh of 
, and finally by the overwhelming and devastating irruption of the 
under Chingiz 
the route into India by the Kuṛam Valley and Banū played a very important part, and its possession was eagerly sought after. Thus, when Mu‘izzu’d-dīn Muḥammad bīn Sām had laid the foundations of an Indian Empire, he placed his most faithful Turk servant Tāju'd-dīn Yalduz in charge of the province of Kuṛamān and Shaṅkurān, i.e. the Kuṛam Valley and Shalozān, as we are informed in the 
Nāṣirī, and halted there every year on his expeditions into India. After his death the successor to the 
sovereignty, 
Maḥmūd son of 
Muḥammad bin Sām (generally known as Maḥmūd bin Muḥammad) confirmed Yalduz in his dignities, and made him 
of 
.