in line 2, and 
in line 3 of No. 4.
ēkari, 6, 3.
â and 
a and 
ā, and 
ă and Introduction (Chap. IV.), and article 
a in the Bihārī Dictionary.
has its final vowel lengthened metri gratia. 
is first verbal noun of 
‘call to mind,’ used instead of the conj. part.
is the Pers.
is a contracted form of 
, which is the adjectival obl. base of the pronoun 
‘this.’
or 
is an old form of 
, the nom. pl. of 
‘who.’ See Bh. Gr. § 26. 
is honorific 3rd pl. perf. In Bh. the most usual form of the perfect is made by adding the word 
‘is,’ to any form of the preterite. 
’I did,’ 
‘I have done’; 
‘you did,’ 
’you have done,’ and so on; see Bh. Gr. § 71. It will be seen that this mode of forming the perfect is radically different from that in vogue in the Western or Hindī group of dialects.
is a corruption of 
is long form of 
almost exclusively used to mean ‘enemy,’ except in the law courts, where it means ‘plaintiff’ or ‘complainant.’
is emphatic for 
according to a law of Bihārī spelling that when anunāsik is followed by the third or fourth consonant of any class, the two together may be represented by the nasal of the class or nasal of the class aspirated respectively. Thus, 
‘a limb,’ 
‘sleep,’ 
‘a pumpkin,’ 
‘Kṛiṣṇa.’
is long form of 
, made feminine, to give a diminutive sense. See note on 
in No. 26.
is a curious instance of the adoption of an English word. With the introduction of railways into India the Lorry or Trolly became a familiar sight, and its name has been extended to mean a railway train. Hence, 
‘a railway companion,’ and hence, again, ‘a companion in general.’
is a redundant form of 
’a woman,’ used in a diminutive sense, with the genitive of the relative pronoun, also feminine. Cf. No. 9 and No. 45, v. 10.
is long form of 
‘a hall.’
‘a tree’ = the Hīndī 
is long form of 
diminutive sense. This is emphasized by the personal pronoun, which is the genitive, thrown into the form of an adjective, made feminine, and given a long form 
is 3 pret. fem. potential passive of 
‘be hungry’; as against 
which would be causal. See Bh. Gr. § 101.
a name (here) of Durgā.
is sign of the abl. (Cf. No.21 and No. 43, v. 2),
locatives = the Ap. Pr. 
See No. 10.
is an oblique form. It is obl. of 
‘of another,’ gen. 
‘to pollute vessels by touching them.’ Another form of the same root is 
see No. 47, 1. 2.
is a technical term, meaning a pious and learned man devoted to the worship and literature of Rām.
is an irregular long form of 
as if for Ap. Pr. 
‘If you will have tattooing- done on your fair body, the needle will prick you as it goes along. You mny summon heart-doctors of all lands, but without your beloved, how will the pain depart?’
is a rhyming repetition of 
, which is long form of 
‘a rat.’
= ‘accustomed to.’
is long form of 
‘an immature mango.’
means ‘abundant, full,’ Natives connect it with the phrase 
which means to sow with a drill-plough in a field which has been previously ploughed. This is said to give an abundant crop.
is the long form, means specially the budding bosom of a young maiden.
is masculine. Here it takes a feminine long form in a diminutive sense.
it will not be (successful).’
is simply a rhyming repetition of 
This comparison of the gait of ants, of cattle, and of a pretty girl is common in these songs. Thus, in the Magahī songs (No. 8) already quoted, occurs the passage—
‘the nipple of the bosom.’
is a common ablative postposition in Bh. Cf. No. 10.
is the ordinal termination, which also appears in 
in Comp. Die. of Bih. Language.
lengthened for the sake of metre. 
is the parting of a woman's hair, which is covered with vermilion, and otherwise adorned as long as her husband is alive.
the adjectival form of the Interrogative Pronoun 
.
as meaning ‘to totter, to stagger.’ In Bhoj'pūrī the corresponding root 
means rather ‘to fall with a crash,’ or ‘in a heap.’
and 
are long forms of 
and 
respectively.
in No. 26.
is emphatic for 
‘not even one.’
(of which 
is long form) is continually used to mean ‘a lover,’ as well as ‘a bee.’ So also 
(of which 
is the long form) means ‘love’ as well as ‘juice.’ Hence the girl means that she hns only enough love for one person.
‘Whence do you come, O fair one? I see you slender in form, like the string in a well.’ ‘ (I am so slender) that I can give my beloved to drink, even when he has no drinking vessel, and no string.’ This piece of ridiculous hyperbole is repeated in the present song.
is poet, for the more usual contracted form 
is a vessel (generally made of alloy) used for cooking pulse or meat. It is smaller than the 
See 
lit. ‘break a measure’ means ‘to sing.’
is a bye-form of the more common 
see Bh. Gr. § 32. 
means to ‘stuff’ or ‘gorge oneself.’ 
is long form of 
The song alludes to the custom of the males of the family going out on service and sending their earnings home, where they are not always put to their legitimate uses. Or it may mean that the husband sends so little money home that she has only enough to buy betel with.
is pres. part.
‘a body,’ is masculine. Here, however, it is used as a feminine,. and given a feminine long form, to give it a diminutive sense, ‘ my poor little body.’
Natives describe it to me as a wasting disease, in which the body turns pale. 
is long form of 
a secret (Skr. 
). The termination 
adds emphasis, ‘they have not an idea of the secret.’ It is really an emphasized fein. long form, like 
is long form of 
or 
This is the ceremony performed when a bride becomes apta viro, and her husband (to whom she has been married years previously) comes to her parents'; house to take her to his home. Here the girl complains that though she is ready for the ceremony, her husband does not come for her.
is 3rd pres. potential passive, as against 
which is causal. See Bh. Gr. § 89.
is a long stick, loaded at each end, which is flourished by gymnasts.
is long form of 
is strong form of 
is long form of 
‘a tight double waistcloth.’ Cf. Bihār Peasant Life, § 726.
) having contracted 
bends 
.’
or 
is the regular Bihārī word for ‘good,’ ‘pleasant’ = the Hindī 
Cf. Rāmāyan Bā. do. 35, 
‘O Rām, your goodness is good to all, and if that is true, then good to Tul';sī also.' 
with long antepenultimate, Is the present indicative, as against 
with shortened antepenult., which is the pret. ind. See Bihārī Grammar, Introd. § 36, 3, and Bh. Gr. § 61a, and § 61b.
or 
is the act of tending cattle, as it were for 
Skr. 
see No. 1.
and 
are potential passives.
‘carry.’ The 
or 
is the Hindū name for the stick carried across the shoulder, from each end of which baskets or other burdens are suspended. The Ordū name for it is bahangī.
or 
is a kind of bracelet peculiar to the Goālā caste. Ud'rāchh is the 
or necklace worn by Çāīva mendicants (see Bihār Peasant Life, §§ 767, 781).
his sweetheart 
and is going’ 
is long form of 
a compound of 
fem, of 
old, and 
Hence the 
of 
is shortened, as it comes before the penultimate.
is long form of 
The allusion is to the communication of the 
by the Guru to his disciple. Every follower of the Çāīva religion must have a Guru or spiritual preceptor, to whom he is chēlā, or disciple. The Guru communicates to each disciple a peculiar charm, consisting principally of meaningless words, such as hū"Ṃ", hrīṂ, etc. This is communicated in a whisper, and is never divulged. The charm is called the chēlā's swa-mantra, and the ceremony of communication creates the relationship of Guru and Chēlā. See my forthcoming edition of the Yōgīnī Tantra in the Bibliotheca Indica for further particulars.
is long form of 
of 
of 
is the regular Bhoj'pūrī form for the neuter interrogative pronoun ‘what.’ It is used, also, in Western Magahī, and corresponds to the Hindī 
In Eastern Magahī, and in Maithilī, we first come upon the true Eastern form, 
cf. Baηgālī 
is the obl. adj. form of the interrog. pron. 
is instr. of 
long form of 
is instrumental of 
and 
are both emphatic of 
and 
respectively. The allusion, of course, is to persons drowned in its waters, and those burnt on its hanks.
in this line is a mere expletive.
‘to undulate (as the flame of a candle).’
‘to make a bed.’
in Bhoj'pūrī, often means ‘with’ or even ‘from,’ cf. Nos. 10 and 21.
is feminine of 
the long form of the relative pronoun 
is another form of 
or 
.feminine long form of 
‘a garden,’ is generally specialized to mean ‘an orchard.’
is obl. of 
is obl. of 
is 1 sg. pres. fem. of 
the strong form of 
‘be.’
see note to No. 49, v. 2.
above.
is an old form of 
2nd imperat. of 
‘sit.’
is long form of 
‘an arrow.’
‘a potter's kiln.’ Cf. Hindī 
‘to be cooked.’ A maund is about 80 pounds.
is a feminine genitive. 
is a feminine long form of the masculine 
of which the locative is 
and his office 
of which 
is long form.
is a common expletive, used specially with the imperative, and in asking questions.
or 
‘to bloom.’
(lg. f. of 
) is a kind of vegetable curry.
is pl. of 
is long form of 
is long form of 
is contracted from 
which is redundant form of 
is fem. of 
See 1. 5.
are well known to students of Sanskrit and need not be detailed here.
is long form of 
‘like.’ Secondarily it means, ‘with’ or ‘by.’ 
is the hand from the tips of the fingers to the wrist.
‘forgetfulness.’
is long form of 
‘salt’
by ‘alas, alas.’
genitive of 
with a feminine termination. The word has in fact reverted to its original sense as a pure possessive adjectival pronoun = Ap. Pr. 
(
see Hem. iv. 434). Cf. introductory remarks, p. 213.
is only a rhyming repetition of 
So also 
is the same of 
means ‘to be killed in a fight.’ The idea is that the brother-in-law, after having killed her husband, tries to gain admittance to her chamber, under pretence that he is the murdered man. The 
in 
is the Ap Pr. locative.
is the end of a woman's sheet, where it is gathered up and tied in front. 
iS long form of 
‘ashes.’
and 
are different forms of the same word. See No. 4, note 2.
is shortened from 
for the sake of metre.
‘to pollute a vessel by touching it’ =
see Bir'hā, No. 15.
is a bye-form of 
long form of 
see Bh. Gr. § 4.
is oblique form of 
or 
‘a hank.’
is obl. of 
‘second,’ and 
is instr. of 
‘a hand.’
is loc. of 
‘a house.’
is potential passive.
is simply a rhyming repetition of 
in an endearing sense.
is 2nd imperat. of 
a strengthened form of 
See Bh. Gr. § 58b.
is loc. of 
‘opinion.’
is here used to mean ‘to complete, finish,’ (Anglo-American) ‘to get through with.’ Cf. No. 25, Note 2.
is a bundle made up of anything contained in one's loin-cloth, carried the way things are carried in an apron. It is specially used for the knot in the loin-cloth for holding money, etc.
Crossref Citations
This article has been cited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by Crossref.
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2013.
A Marginalized Voice in the History of ‘Hindi’.
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