Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T02:26:50.220Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

On the Effect of the severe Winter of 1928–1929 on the Oyster Drills (with a record of five years' observations on sea-temperature on the oyster-beds) of the Blackwater Estuary.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

J. H. Orton  and
H. Mabel Lewis
J. H. Orton
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Liverpool University,
H. Mabel Lewis
Affiliation:
Liverpool University.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

During the year 1928 the writer was engaged in a study of the bionomics of the oyster drills on the oyster beds in the region of the River Blackwater, Essex. At this time the presence of a foreign species was detected (1) and definite records were made of the relative abundance of the three following drills or tingles:—Murex erinaceus (=Ocinebra), Purpura lapillus (=Nucella), and Urosalpinx cinerea. It so happened that the winter of 1928–29 was unusually cold; the temperature of the water over the oyster beds was unusually low in January and February, 1929, ranging about the freezing-point of fresh water (see Table II and Fig. 1). The oyster-cultivators in this locality had many years previously stated that during severe winters many marine animals, such as the oyster drills or tingles and the burr Echinus miliaris, are killed in such great numbers as sometimes to exterminate the species. The observations made by the writer in 1928 offered an opportunity to test these statements, and of estimating the effect of the extreme cold in early 1929 on the animals mentioned above.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 17 , Issue 2 , September 1931 , pp. 301 - 313
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1931

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Orton, J. H., & Winckworth, R. The occurrence of the American oyster pest Urosalpinx cinerea (Say) on English oyster beds. Nature, 122, p. 241, 1928.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2Orton, J. H.On rhythmic periods of shell-growth in O. edulis with a note on fattening. Journ. Mar. Biol. Ass., N.S., Vol. XV, No. 2 p. 387, 1928.Google Scholar
3Orton, J. H.Is the American slipper-limpet (Crepidula fornicata) an oyster pest? Nature, 117, p. 304, 1926.Google Scholar
4Huntsman, A. G., & Sparks, M. I.Limiting factors for marine animals. (3) Relative resistance to high temperatures. Contributions to Canadian Biol., N.S., Vol. II, 6, pp. 97–114, 1924.Google Scholar
5Battle, H. I.Effects of extreme temperatures on muscle and nerve tissue in marine fishes. Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, 3rd Ser., Vol. XX, Pt. 1, Section V, pp. 127–143, 01. 1926.Google Scholar
6Orton, J. H.Fishery Investigations, Ser. II, Vol. 6, No. 4, 1924, p. 4. London.Google Scholar
7Orton, J. H.On lunar periodicity in spawning of normally grown Falmouth oysters in 1925, with a Comparison of the Spawning Capacity of normally grown and dumpy Oysters. Journ. Mar. Biol. Ass., N.S., Vol. XIV, No. 1, p. 213, 1926.Google Scholar
8Orton, J. H.Monthly normals of temperature, rainfall and sunshine, M.O. 214a, App. IV, 1915, and M.O. 236 (Section 1), 1919. Meteorological Office, London.Google Scholar
9Bidder, G. P.The importance of cataclasms in evolution. Proc. Linn. Soc., Feb. 6, 1930, and Nature, Vol. 125, p. 783, 1930.Google Scholar
10Darwin, C. The origin of species by means of natural selection, 6th ed., p. 63, 1891.Google Scholar
11Orton, J. H. Habitats and feeding habits of Ocinebra erinacea. Nature, Vol. 124, p. 371, 1929.CrossRefGoogle Scholar