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Copepods of the off-shore waters of Caribbean Colombian Sea and their response to oceanographic regulators

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 May 2022

Edgar Fernando Dorado-Roncancio ,
Johanna Medellín-Mora Open the ORCID record for Johanna Medellín-Mora [Opens in a new window] ,
José Ernesto Mancera-Pineda  and
Matías Pizarro-Koch
Edgar Fernando Dorado-Roncancio
Affiliation:
Programa de posgrados, Maestría en Ciencias-Biología, Línea Biología Marina e Instituto de Estudios en Ciencias del Mar – CECIMAR, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Caribe, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras de Colombia, INVEMAR, Programa de Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Marinos, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia
Johanna Medellín-Mora*
Affiliation:
Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía (IMO) y Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
José Ernesto Mancera-Pineda
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
Matías Pizarro-Koch
Affiliation:
Instituto Milenio de Oceanografía (IMO) y Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile Millennium Nucleus Understanding Past Coastal Upwelling Systems and Environmental Local and Lasting Impacts (UPWELL), Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID) Millennium Science Initiative, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile
*
Author for correspondence: Johanna Medellín-Mora, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Seven oceanographic expeditions were conducted between the years 2013 and 2018 to determine the horizontal and vertical distribution schemes in the epipelagic and mesopelagic copepod community structure of the Caribbean Oceanic ecoregion (CAO) and the oceanographic variables that regulate it. Four indicator species are suggested for the North Equatorial Current and the Caribbean Surface Water (CSW) mass (Clausocalanus furcatus, Oncaea venusta, Temora stylifera and T. turbinate) and two indicator species for deep-water masses such as the Western North Atlantic Central Water (NACW) and the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) (Mormonilla phasma and Conaea rapax). The copepod assemblage responds to local oceanographic patterns that are regulated (24%) by the variability of dissolved oxygen and temperature in the water column. The horizontal structure of the copepod assemblage in offshore waters presented a spatial sectorization. Three zones were differentiated: (1) oceanic Colombian zone; (2) influence of the Magdalena River zone; and (3) offshore north-east zone. Water mass mixing processes and migration mechanisms favour the homogeneity of the vertical assemblage of copepods in the CAO ecoregion. This study provides relevant information on the structure and density of copepod species, providing key information to describe the ecological processes and the different responses to the oceanographic factors that modulate them.

Keywords

Caribbean oceanic ecoregioncopepodsepipelagicmesopelagicstructurewater masses
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 101 , Issue 8 , December 2021 , pp. 1129 - 1143
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom

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