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The bivalve mollusc Mactra corallina: genetic evidence of existing sibling species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2010

I. Guarniero*
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy
F. Plazzi
Affiliation:
Department of Evolutionary and Experimental Biology, Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna (BO), Italy
A. Bonfitto
Affiliation:
Department of Evolutionary and Experimental Biology, Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna (BO), Italy
A. Rinaldi
Affiliation:
Oceanographic Structure Daphne, ARPA Emilia Romagna, Viale Vespucci, 2–47042 Cesenatico (FC), Italy
M. Trentini
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy
M. Passamonti
Affiliation:
Department of Evolutionary and Experimental Biology, Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna (BO), Italy
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: I. Guarniero, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia (BO), Italy email: [email protected]

Abstract

The rayed trough-shell Mactra corallina Linnaeus 1758 is a surf clam that inhabits the Atlantic Ocean, Black Sea and Mediterranean Sea and represents a commercially important bivalve. This species is present with two different and well-defined sympatric morphotypes, which differ mainly for the colour of the shell (white in the corallina morph, and brown-banded in the lignaria morph). The aim of this work is to resolve the confused and contradictory systematics of the bivalves belonging to M. corallina putative species by analysing molecular and morphological features. Fifteen specimens of M. corallina corallina (white variant) and 19 specimens of M. corallina lignaria (brown variant) were collected in the North Adriatic Sea and analysed by four molecular markers (12S, 16S, 18S and COI genes, partial sequences). Genetic analyses clearly support the presence of two different species, which were previously ascribed to M. corallina. In addition, 35 specimens identified on a morphological basis as M. c. corallina and 28 specimens identified as M. c. lignaria collected in the same area were used for a morphometric analysis. A positive correlation was found between the maximum width of shell (W), antero-posterior length and between W and the height of specimens from umbo to ventral margin, thus adding to molecular data.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2010

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