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The rocky-reef fish assemblages of Malta and Lampedusa islands (Strait of Sicily, Mediterranean Sea): a visual census study in a changing biogeographical sector

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 July 2013

E. Azzurro ,
G. La Mesa  and
E. Fanelli
E. Azzurro*
Affiliation:
ISPRA, National Institute of Environmental Protection and Research, Sts Livorno, Piazzale dei Marmi 2, 57123 Livorno, Italy
G. La Mesa
Affiliation:
ISPRA, via di Casalotti 300, 00166 Roma, Italy
E. Fanelli
Affiliation:
ENEA, Marine Environment Research Centre, PO Box 224, 19100 Pozzuolo di Lerici (SP), Italy
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: E. Azzurro, ISPRA, National Institute of Environmental Protection and Research, Sts Livorno, Piazzale dei Marmi 2, 57123 Livorno, Italy email: [email protected]
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Abstract

The rising impact of invasive species and climate change on Mediterranean fish biodiversity highlight the urgency to evaluate the current status of natural assemblages. Here we investigated the rocky-reef fish of Malta and Lampedusa (Strait of Sicily, Mediterranean Sea), two islands of high biogeographical importance subjected to a different level of protection and anthropic pressure. By using underwater visual census, a total of 192 counts were performed in May–June and September–October 2007 using a hierarchical spatial design and four depth layers. Overall, 23 families and 61 different taxa were recorded. Out of them, two highly invasive species were censused (i.e. Siganus luridus and Fistularia commersonii) with relatively low abundances. Native Labridae and Sparidae shape the assemblage structure of both islands, and thermophilic species such as Sparisoma cretense and Thalassoma pavo occur with high densities. The fish assemblages of Malta and Lampedusa were relatively similar in species composition, richness and total abundance. Nevertheless, multivariate analysis depicted significant differences between these two islands, mainly attributable to the unevenness of Labridae. Significant differences in the size distribution of the most abundant species were detected between islands, with parallel variation across time. The pattern of spatio-temporal variability of the whole assemblage structure strongly resembled that of nekto-benthic fish, hence pointing out the relevance of this guild as an indicator species group in future monitoring activity. This study will serve as a current baseline against which future changes in the central Mediterranean fish assemblages can be assessed.

Keywords

underwater visual censusbiological invasionsspatial variationecological guildsmonitoring
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 93 , Issue 8 , December 2013 , pp. 2015 - 2026
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2013 

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