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Resource partitioning by two syntopic sister species of butterflyfish (Chaetodontidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 July 2017

Ana M.R. Liedke ,
Roberta M. Bonaldo ,
Bárbara Segal ,
Carlos E.L. Ferreira ,
Lucas T. Nunes ,
Ana P. Burigo ,
Sonia Buck ,
Luiz Gustavo R. Oliveira-Santos  and
Sergio R. Floeter
Ana M.R. Liedke*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Roberta M. Bonaldo
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil Grupo de História Natural de Vertebrados, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
Bárbara Segal
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil Instituto Coral Vivo, Arraial d'Ajuda, Porto Seguro, Brazil
Carlos E.L. Ferreira
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
Lucas T. Nunes
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Ana P. Burigo
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
Sonia Buck
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
Luiz Gustavo R. Oliveira-Santos
Affiliation:
Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Ecologia de Movimento e Populações, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
Sergio R. Floeter
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: A.M.R. Liedke, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Resource partitioning is considered one of the main processes driving diversification in ecological communities because it allows coexistence among closely related and ecologically equivalent species. We combined three complementary approaches, i.e. the evaluation of foraging behaviour, diet composition and nutritional condition (RNA:DNA ratio), to assess feeding by two closely related (sister) butterflyfishes that are syntopic in Puerto Rico. Chaetodon capistratus had a higher abundance and higher bite rate and selected octocorals and hard corals for feeding, whereas Chaetodon striatus fed preferentially on sandy substrates. Cnidarians and polychaetes were the most representative diet items for both species, but C. capistratus preferred the former (Feeding Index of 74.3%) and C. striatus the latter (Feeding Index of 60.4%). Similar RNA:DNA ratios for both species suggest that, although they differ in feeding rates and diet, C. capistratus and C. striatus have similar nutritional fitness. Therefore, these species are both zoobenthivores but show clear differences in their substrate selection. The differences in the use of foraging substrate by C. capistratus and C. striatus, despite their close phylogenetic relationship and similar diets, suggest that these species coexist by resource partitioning.

Keywords

Chaetodontidaeco-occurring speciesdietfeedinghabitat partitioningnutritional conditionreef fishstomach contents
Type
Review
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 98 , Issue 7 , November 2018 , pp. 1767 - 1773
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2017 

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