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Bloom of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans (Macartney) Kofoid & Swezy, 1921 and tunicates Salpa fusiformis Cuvier, 1804 and Salpa maxima Forskål, 1775 in the open southern Adriatic in 2009

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 December 2018

Mirna Batistić ,
Rade Garić ,
Nenad Jasprica ,
Stijepo Ljubimir  and
Josip Mikuš
Mirna Batistić
Affiliation:
Institute for Marine and Coastal Research, University of Dubrovnik, Kneza Damjana Jude 12, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia
Rade Garić*
Affiliation:
Institute for Marine and Coastal Research, University of Dubrovnik, Kneza Damjana Jude 12, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia
Nenad Jasprica
Affiliation:
Institute for Marine and Coastal Research, University of Dubrovnik, Kneza Damjana Jude 12, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia
Stijepo Ljubimir
Affiliation:
Department of Aquaculture, University of Dubrovnik, Ćira Carića 4, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia
Josip Mikuš
Affiliation:
Department of Aquaculture, University of Dubrovnik, Ćira Carića 4, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia
*
Author for correspondence: Rade Garić, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

This study was conducted in February, April and June 2009 at three stations in the southern Adriatic. Occurrence of the dinoflagellate Noctiluca scintillans and tunicates Salpa fusiformis and Salpa maxima in high abundances for the oligotrophic open sea, indicates the importance of physical forcing (vertical mixing) and inflow of nutrient-enriched Atlantic water, due to the Bimodal Oscillating System (BiOS) mechanism, into the Adriatic Sea thus creating an environment favourable for their rapid increase. This is the first time a bloom of N. scintillans has been recorded in the open southern Adriatic (OSA). High abundance of Noctiluca and salp populations in the OSA was characterized by low abundance of phytoplankton and other zooplankton, with obvious trophic implications (reduction of food availability to crustacean primary consumers). Moreover, during the S. maxima bloom in June 2009, calanoid copepods and appendicularians were almost completely absent (<1 ind. m−3).

Keywords

Adriatic SeaBiOS mechanismMediterranean SeaNoctiluca bloomsalp bloomtrophic interactionvertical mixing
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 99 , Issue 5 , August 2019 , pp. 1049 - 1058
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2018 

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