Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T18:07:38.339Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Measures of deficit unawareness for predicted performance experiments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2009

Michael W. Trosset  and
Alfred W. Kaszniak
Michael W. Trosset
Affiliation:
Departments of StatisticsUniversity of Arizona, Tueson, Arizona 85721 Departments of PsychologyUniversity of Arizona, Tueson, Arizona 85721
Alfred W. Kaszniak
Affiliation:
Departments of PsychologyUniversity of Arizona, Tueson, Arizona 85721 Departments of PsychiatryUniversity of Arizona, Tueson, Arizona 85721
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Predicted performance experiments attempt to quantify an impaired individual's awareness of his or her deficit. These experiments measure perceived ability by the individual's prediction of his or her performance on a specific cognitive task and actual ability by his or her subsequent performance on that task. To date, the most comprehensive predicted performance experiment is the one proposed and implemented by McGlynn and Kaszniak (1991b). This experiment is potentially capable of removing a number of influences that may be confounded with deficit unawareness; however, it is not obvious what method of quantitative analysis best exploits this capability. In the present report, several possibilities are discussed. The limitations of McGlynn and Kaszniak's method are identified, and a more satisfying measure of deficit unawareness is proposed. (JINS, 1996, 2, 315–322.)

Keywords

AnosognosiaMeasurementDementiaMetamemory
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 2 , Issue 4 , July 1996 , pp. 315 - 322
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anderson, S.W. & Tranel, D. (1989). Awareness of disease states following cerebral infarction, dementia, and head trauma: Standardized assessment. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 3, 327–339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beatty, W.W. & Monson, N. (1991). Metamemory in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 13, 309–327.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bergmann, K., Proctor, S., & Prudham, D. (1979). Symptom profiles in hospital and community resident elderly persons with dementia. In Hofmeister, F. & Muller, C. (Eds.), Brain function in old age (pp. 60–67). New York: Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bisiach, E., Vallar, G., Perani, D., Papagno, C., & Berti, A. (1986). Unawareness of disease following lesions of the right hemisphere: Anosognosia for hemiplegia and anosognosia for hemianopia. Neuropsychologia, 24, 471–482.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cicerone, K.D. & Tupper, D.E. (1986). Cognitive assessment in the neuropsychological rehabilitation of head-injured adults. In Uzzell, B.P. & Gross, Y. (Eds.), Clinical neuropsychology of intervention (pp. 59–83). Boston: Martinus Nijhoff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeBettignies, B.H., Mahurin, R.K., & Pirozzolo, F.J. (1990). In sight for impairment in independent living skills in Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 12, 355–363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaszniak, A.W., Christenson, G.D., & Trosset, M.W. (in preparation). Self-awareness of cognitive deficit in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease: Cross-sectional and longitudinal perspectives.Google Scholar
Kihlstrom, J.F. & Tobias, B.A. (1991). Anosognosia, consciousness, and the self. In Prigatano, G.P. & Schacter, D.L. (Eds.), Awareness of deficit after brain injury: Clinical and theoretical issues (pp. 198–222). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
McGIynn, S.M. & Kaszniak, A.W. (1991a). Unawareness of deficits in dementia and schizophrenia. In Prigatano, G.P. & Schacter, D.L. (Eds.), Awareness of deficit after brain injury: Clinical and theoretical issues (pp. 84–110). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
McGIynn, S.M. & Kaszniak, A.W. (1991b). When metacognition fails: Impaired awareness of deficit in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 3, 183–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGIynn, S.M. & Schacter, D.L. (1989). Unawareness of deficits in neuropsychological syndromes. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 11, 143–205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prigatano, G.P, Altman, I.M., & O'Brien, K.P. (1990). Behavioral limitations that brain injured patients tend to underestimate. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 4, 163–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prigatano, G.P. & Fordyce, D.J. (1986). The neuropsychological rehabilitation program at Presbyterian Hospital. In Prigatano, G.P., et al. (Eds.), Neuropsychological rehabilitation after brain injury (pp. 46–118). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Reisberg, B., Gordon, B., McCarthy, M., & Ferris, S.H. (1985). Clinical symptoms accompanying progressive cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. In Melnick, V.L. & Dubler, N.N.(Eds.), Alzheimer's dementia (pp. 19–39). Clifton, NJ: Humana Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schacter, D.L. (1990). Toward a cognitive neuropsychology of awareness: Implicit knowledge and anosognosia. Journal of Clinical and Cognitive Neuropsychology, 12, 155–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schacter, D.L. (1991). Unawareness of deficit and unawareness of knowledge in patients with memory disorders. In Prigatano, G.P. & Schacter, D.L. (Eds.), Awareness of deficit after brain injury: Clinical and theoretical issues (pp. 127–151). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Schacter, D.L., McLachlan, D.R., Moscovitch, M., & Tulving, E. (1986), Monitoring of recall performance by memory-disordered patients. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 8, 103 (abstract).Google Scholar
Shallicc, T. & Evans, M.E. (1978). The involvement of the frontal lobes in cognitive estimation. Cortex, 14, 294–303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shimamura, A.P. (1994). The neuropsychology of metacognition. In Metcalfe, J. & Shimamura, A.P. (Eds.), Metacognition: Knowing about knowing (pp. 253–276). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar