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Task Importance Affects Event-Based Prospective Memory Performance in Adults with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders and HIV-Infected Young Adults with Problematic Substance Use

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2014

Steven Paul Woods ,
Katie L. Doyle ,
Erin E. Morgan ,
Sylvie Naar-King ,
Angulique Y. Outlaw ,
Sharon L. Nichols  and
Shayne Loft
Steven Paul Woods*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia
Katie L. Doyle
Affiliation:
Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University and University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California
Erin E. Morgan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California
Sylvie Naar-King
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
Angulique Y. Outlaw
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
Sharon L. Nichols
Affiliation:
Department of Neurosciences, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California
Shayne Loft
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Steven Paul Woods, Department of Psychiatry (8231), University of California-San Diego, 220 Dickinson Street, Suite B, San Diego, CA, 92103. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effects of task importance on event-based prospective memory (PM) in separate samples of adults with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and HIV-infected young adults with substance use disorders (SUD). All participants completed three conditions of an ongoing lexical decision task: (1) without PM task requirements; (2) with PM task requirements that emphasized the importance of the ongoing task; and (3) with PM task requirements that emphasized the importance of the PM task. In both experiments, all HIV+ groups showed the expected increase in response costs to the ongoing task when the PM task’s importance was emphasized. In Experiment 1, individuals with HAND showed significantly lower PM accuracy as compared to HIV+ subjects without HAND when the importance of the ongoing task was emphasized, but improved significantly and no longer differed from HIV+ subjects without HAND when the PM task was emphasized. A similar pattern of findings emerged in Experiment 2, whereby HIV+ young adults with SUD (especially cannabis) showed significant improvements in PM accuracy when the PM task was emphasized. Findings suggest that both HAND and SUD may increase the amount of cognitive attentional resources that need to be allocated to support PM performance in persons living with HIV infection. (JINS, 2014, 21, 1–11)

Keywords

Infectious diseaseEpisodic memoryAIDS dementia complexMarijuana abuseAttentionSubstance-related disorders
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 20 , Issue 6 , July 2014 , pp. 652 - 662
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2014 

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