Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T05:16:47.283Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Prospective Memory Performance in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: A Study of Implementation Intentions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2015

Giovanna Mioni ,
Peter G. Rendell ,
Gill Terrett  and
Franca Stablum
Giovanna Mioni*
Affiliation:
Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Peter G. Rendell
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
Gill Terrett
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
Franca Stablum
Affiliation:
Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Giovanna Mioni, Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, 12, 35131, Padova, Italy. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients often present with prospective memory (PM) dysfunction. Forgetting to complete tasks may result in a loss of independence, limited employment prospects and anxiety, therefore, it is important to develop programs to improve PM performance in TBI patients. A strategy which may improve PM performance is implementation intentions. It involves making explicit plans specifying when, where and how one will perform a task in the future. In the present study, a group of 36 TBI patients and a group of 34 controls performed Virtual Week using either implementation intentions or no strategy. The results showed that the PM performance of TBI patients was less accurate than controls, in particular when the PM cue was time-based. No effect of implementation intentions was observed for TBI patients, however, controls improved their PM performance when the task was time-based. The findings suggest that strategies to improve PM in this clinical group are likely to be more complex than those that benefit healthy adults and may involve targeting phases of the PM process other than, or in addition to, the intention formation phase. (JINS, 2015, 21, 305–313)

Keywords

Traumatic brain injuryImplementation intentionsProspective memoryEvent-basedTime-basedVirtual Week
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 21 , Issue 4 , April 2015 , pp. 305 - 313
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bellezza, F.S. (1981). Mnemonic devices: Classification, characteristics, and criteria. Review of Educational Research, 51, 247–275. doi:10.3102/00346543051002247 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlesimo, G.A., Formisano, R., Bivona, U., Barba, L., & Caltagirone, C. (2009). Prospective memory in patients with severe closed head injury: Role of concurrent activity and encoding instructions. Behavioural Neurology, 22, 101–110. doi:10.3233/BEN-2009-0251 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chasteen, A.L., Park, D.C., & Schwarz, N. (2001). Implementation intentions and facilitation of prospective memory. Psychological Science, 12, 457–461. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00385 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, A.L., & Gollwitzer, P.M. (2008). The cost of remembering to remember: Cognitive load and implementation intentions influence ongoing task performance. In M. Kliegel, M.A. McDaniel & G.O. Einstein (Eds.), Prospective memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental, and applied perspectives (pp. 367–390). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Einstein, G.O., & McDaniel, M.A. (1990). Normal aging and prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 16, 717–726. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.16.4.717 Google ScholarPubMed
Einstein, G.O., & McDaniel, M.A. (1996). Retrieval processes in prospective memory: Theoretical approaches and some new empirical findings. In M.A. Brandimonte, G.O. Einstein & M.A. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective memory: Theory and applications (pp. 115–141). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Ellis, J.A. (1996). Prospective memory or the realization of delayed intentions: A conceptual framework for research. In M. Brandimonte, G.O. Einstein & M.A. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective memory: Theory and applications (pp. 1–22). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Fish, J., Wilson, B.A., & Manly, T. (2010). The assessment and rehabilitation of prospective memory problems in people with neurological disorders: A review. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 20, 161–179. doi:10.1080/09602010903126029 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fleming, J.M., Shum, D., Strong, J., & Lighthouse, S. (2005). Prospective memory rehabilitation for adults with traumatic brain injury: A compensatory training program. Brain Injury, 19, 1–13. doi:10.1080/02699050410001720059 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fleming, J.M., Riley, L., Gill, H., Gullo, M.J., Strong, J., & Shum, D. (2008). Predictors of prospective memory in adults with traumatic brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 14, 823–831. doi:10.10170S1355617708080971 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gollwitzer, P.M. (1999). Implementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans. American Psychologist, 54, 493–503. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.54.7.493 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gollwitzer, P.M., & Brandstatter, V. (1997). Implementation intentions and effective goal pursuit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 186–199. doi:10.1037/0022-514.73.1.186 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gouveia, P.A.R., Brucki, S.M.D., Malheiros, S.M.F., & Bueno, O.F.A. (2007). Disorders in planning and strategy application in frontal lobe lesion patients. Brain and Cognition, 63, 240–246. doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2006.09.001 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hagan, C., Malkmus, D., Durham, P., & Bowman, K. (1979). Levels of cognitive functioning. In Rancho Los Amigos Hospital. Rehabilitation of the head injured adult: Comprehensive physical management. Downey, CA: Professional Staff Association of Rancho Los Amigos Hospital.Google Scholar
Kardiasmenos, K.S., Clawson, D.M., Wilken, J.A., & Wallin, M.T. (2008). Prospective memory and the efficacy of a memory strategy in multiple sclerosis. Neuropsychology, 22, 746–754. doi:1 0.1037/a0013211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kinch, J., & McDonald, S. (2001). Traumatic brain injury and prospective memory: An examination of the influences of executive functioning and retrospective memory. Brain Impairment, 2, 119–130. doi:10.1375/brim. 2.2.119 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kliegel, M., Eschen, A., & Thöne-Otto, A.I.T. (2004). Planning, and realization of complex intentions in traumatic brain injury and normal aging. Brain and Cognition, 56, 43–54. doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2004.05.005 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kliegel, M., Martin, M., McDaniel, M.A., & Einstein, G.O. (2002). Complex prospective memory and executive control of working memory: A process model. Psychologische Beiträge, 44, 303–318.Google Scholar
Kliegel, M., McDaniel, M.A., & Einstein, G.O. (2008). Prospective memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental, and applied perspective. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Lengfelder, A., & Gollwitzer, P.M. (2001). Reflective and reflexive action control in patients with frontal brain lesions. Neuropsychology, 15, 80–100. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.15.1.80 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, L.L., & Park, D.C. (2004). Aging and medial adherence: The use of automatic processes to achieve effortful things. Psychology and Aging, 19, 318–325. doi:10.1037/0882–7974.19.2.318 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, M., Kliegel, M., & McDaniel, M.A. (2003). The involvement of executive functions in prospective memory performance of adults. International Journal of Psychology, 38(4), 195–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathias, J.L., & Mansfield, K.M. (2005). Prospective and declarative memory problems following moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury, 19, 271–282. doi:10.1080/02699050400005028 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattson, A.J., & Levin, H.S. (1990). Frontal lobe dysfunction following closed head injury. A review of the literature. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 178, 282–291. doi:10.1097/00005053-199005000-00002 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maujean, A., Shum, D., & McQueen, R. (2003). Effect of cognitive demand on prospective memory in individuals with traumatic brain injury. Brain Impairment, 4, 135–145. doi:10.1375/brim.4.2.135.27024 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDaniel, M.A., & Einstein, G.O. (1993). The importance of cue familiarity and distinctiveness in prospective memory. Memory, 1, 23–41. doi:10.1080/09658219308258223 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McDaniel, M.A., Glisky, E.L., Rubin, S.R., Guynn, M.J., & Routhieaux, B.C. (1999). Prospective memory: A neuropsychological study. Neuropsychology, 13, 103–110. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.13.1.103 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McDaniel, M.A., Howard, D.C., & Butler, K.M. (2008). Implementation intentions facilitate prospective memory under high attention demands. Memory and Cognition, 36, 716–724. doi:10.3758/MC.36.4.716 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McDaniel, M.A., & Einstein, G.O. (2000). Strategic and automatic processes in prospective memory retrieval: A multiprocess framework. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14, 127–144. doi:10.1002/acp.775 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDaniel, M.A., & Scullin, M.K. (2010). Implementation intention encoding does not automatize prospective memory responding. Memory and Cognition, 38, 221–232. doi:10.3758/MC.38.2.221 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDonald, B.C., Flashman, L.A., & Saykin, A.J. (2002). Executive dysfunction following traumatic brain injury: Neural substrates and treatment strategies. Neurorehabilitation, 17, 333–344.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McFarland, C.P., & Glisky, E.I. (2009). Frontal lobe involvement in a task of time-based prospective memory. Neuropsychologia, 47, 1660–1669. doi:10.1002/acp.775 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McFarland, C.P., & Glisky, E.I. (2011). Implementation intentions and prospective memory among older adults: An investigation of the role of frontal lobe function. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 18, 633–652. doi:10.1080/13825585.2011.613449 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McFarland, C.P., & Glisky, E.I. (2012). Implementation intentions and imagery: Individual and combined effects on prospective memory among young adults. Memory & Cognition, 40, 62–69. doi:10.378/s13421.011-0126-8 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meeks, J.T., & March, R.L. (2010). Implementation intentions about nonfocal event-based prospective memory tasks. Psychological Research, 74, 82–89. doi 10.1007/s00426-008-0223-x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mioni, G., McClintock, S.M., & Stablum, F. (2014). Understanding, assessing and treating prospective memory dysfunctions in traumatic brain injury patients. In F. Sadaka & T. Quinn (Eds.), Traumatic brain injury (pp. 401–436). Rijeka, Croatia: InTeck publication. doi:10.5772/57307 Google ScholarPubMed
Mioni, G., Rendell, P.G., Henry, J.D., Cantagallo, A., & Stablum, F. (2013). An investigation of prospective memory functions in people with traumatic brain injury using Virtual Week. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 35, 617–630. doi:10.1080/13803395.2013.804036 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mioni, G., Rendell, P.G., Stablum, F., Gamberini, L., & Bisiacchi, P.S. (2014). Test-retest consistency of Virtual Week: A task to investigate prospective memory. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 28, 1–29. doi:10.1080/09602011.2014.941295 Google Scholar
Mioni, G., Stablum, F., McClintock, S.M., & Cantagallo, A. (2012). Time-based prospective memory in severe traumatic brain injury patients: The involvement of executive functions and time perception. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 18, 697–705. doi:10.1017/S13556177120003060 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paivio, A. (1971). Imagery and verbal processes. New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.Google Scholar
Potvin, M.J., Roulean, I., Sénéchal, G., & Giguère, J.F. (2011). Prospective memory rehabilitation based on visual imagery techniques. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 21, 899–924. doi:10.1080/09602011.2011.630882 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rendell, P.G., & Craik, F.I.M. (2000). Virtual week and actual week: Age-related differences in prospective memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology: Special issue: New Perspectives in Prospective Memory, 14, S43–S62. doi:10.1002/acp.770 Google Scholar
Schmidt, I.W., Berg, I.J., & Deelman, B.G. (2001). Relations between subjective evaluations of memory and objective memory performance. Perception and Motor Skills, 93, 761–776. doi:10.2466/pms.2001.93.3.761 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schnitzspahn, K.M., & Kliegel, M. (2009). Age effects in prospective memory performance within older adults: The paradoxical impact of implementation intentions. European Journal of Aging, 6, 147–155. doi:10.1007/s10433-009-0116-x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shum, D., Levin, H., & Chan, R.C.K. (2011). Prospective memory in patients with closed head injury: A review. Neuropsychologia, 49, 2156–2165. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.02.006 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teasdale, G., & Jennett, B. (1974). Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness: A practical scale. Lancet, 2, 81–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thöne-Otto, A.I.T., & Walther, K. (2008). Assessment and treatment of prospective memory disorders in clinical pratice. In M. Kliegel, M.A. McDaniel & G.O. Einstein (Eds.), Prospective memory: Cognitive, neuroscience, developmental, and applied perspective (pp. 321–345). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
van den Broek, M.D., Downes, J., Jhonson, Z., Dayus, B., & Hilton, N. (2000). Evaluation of an electronic memory aid in the neuropsychological rehabilitation of prospective memory deficits. Brain Injury, 14, 455–462. doi:10.1080/026990500120556 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Webb, T.L., & Sheeran, P. (2007). How do implementation intentions promote goal attainment? A test of component processes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 295–302. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2006.02.001 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zafonte, R.D., Hammond, F.M., Mann, N.R., Wood, D.L., Black, K.L., & Millis, S.R. (1996). Relationship between Glasgow coma scale and functional outcome. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 75, 364–369.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed