Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 April 2011
Bureaucratic corruption is one of the most serious and embarrassing obstacles to national development in the developing countries, which include among others the members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) viz., Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. According to an official of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific:
Donor countries and the United Nations bodies working in developing countries are well aware that one of the most serious problems hampering development is corruption; so are the recipient countries. But no one seems prepared to discuss it publicly.
1 Quoted in Bickler, Colin, “Corruption — A Serious and Embarrassing Problem Often Brushed Aside”, The Mirror (Singapore), 2 Apr. 1979, p. 6.Google Scholar
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23 Ibid., p. 60.
24 Ibid., p. 60.
25 Ibid., pp. 50–54.
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70 Alfiler, “Administrative Measures against Bureaucratic Corruption”, pp. 7–9.
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73 See Ibid., pp. 27–29; and Marican, “Combating Corruption”, p. 601.
74 Marican, “Combating Corruption”, pp. 601 and 603.
75 Ibid., pp. 605–606.
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86 Palmier, “The Control of Bureaucratic Corruption”, p. 3.
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88 The five members of BIFGO were the Prime Minister (who was also the Chairman), the Deputy Prime Minister, a senior Minister, the Under-Secretary of State for the Prime Minister's Office, and the Committee's Secretary-General. Ibid., p. 31.
89 Ibid., pp. 36–37.
90 Ibid., pg. 37.
91 Ibid., pp. 39–40.
92 Ibid., pp. 47–49 and 55.
93 Ibid., pp. 58–60.
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