Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T18:30:28.716Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Factors Associated with Cessation Activities amongst a Multiethnic Sample of Transit Workers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2016

Carol B. Cunradi ,
Roland S. Moore  and
Robynn S. Battle
Carol B. Cunradi*
Affiliation:
Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 180 Grand Avenue, Suite 1200, Oakland, CA 94612-3749
Roland S. Moore
Affiliation:
Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 180 Grand Avenue, Suite 1200, Oakland, CA 94612-3749
Robynn S. Battle
Affiliation:
Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 180 Grand Avenue, Suite 1200, Oakland, CA 94612-3749
*
Address for correspondence: Carol Cunradi, MPH, PhD, Senior Research Scientist, Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 180 Grand Avenue, Suite 1200, Oakland, CA 94612-3749, USA. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Introduction: Transit workers are a blue-collar occupational group with elevated rates of smoking despite access to free or low-cost cessation services available through their health insurance as a union-negotiated employee benefit. Little is known about the influences on cessation participation in this workforce.

Aims: The purpose of this study is to analyse the factors associated with past-year cessation activities amongst a multiethnic sample of transit workers.

Methods: Cross-sectional tobacco surveys were completed by 935 workers at an Oakland, California, USA-based public transit agency. Data from 190 current smokers (68% African American; 46% female) were analysed. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated to identify factors associated with past-year cessation activity.

Results: Approximately 55% of smokers stopped smoking for one day or longer during the past year in order to quit. Nearly half reported that the most common barrier to quitting was, ‘Not mentally ready to quit because I like smoking’. Workers in the contemplation/precontemplation stage for intention to quit were less likely to have engaged in cessation activities than those in the action/preparation stage (AOR = 0.34). Frequency of coworker encouragement for quitting was positively associated with past-year cessation activities (AOR = 3.25). Frequency of insomnia symptoms was negatively associated with cessation activity participation (AOR = 0.34).

Conclusions: Most transit workers who smoke made a past-year quit attempt. Gaining insight into factors associated with participation in cessation activities can aid worksite efforts to promote cessation and reduce tobacco-related disparities.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Journal of Smoking Cessation , Volume 13 , Issue 1 , March 2018 , pp. 1 - 10
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alexander, L. A., Crawford, T., & Mendiondo, M. S. (2010). Occupational status, work-site cessation programs and policies and menthol smoking on quitting behaviors of US smokers. Addiction, 105 (Supp. 1), 95–104.Google Scholar
Amos, A., Greaves, L., Nichter, M., & Bloch, M. (2012). Women and tobacco: A call for including gender in tobacco control research, policy and practice. Tobacco Control, 21, 236–243.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Augustson, E., Wanke, K., Rogers, S., Bergen, A., Chatterjee, N., Synder, K. et al. (2008). Predictors of sustained smoking cessation: A prospective analysis of chronic smokers from the alpha-tocopherol Beta-carotene cancer prevention study. American Journal Public Health, 98 (3), 549–555.Google Scholar
Barbeau, E. M., Goldman, R., Roelofs, C., Gagne, J., Harden, E., Conlan, K. et al. (2005). A new channel for health promotion: Building trade unions. American Journal of Health Promotion, 19 (4), 297–303.Google Scholar
Barbeau, E. M., Krieger, N., & Soobader, M.-J. (2004). Working class matters: Socioeconomic disadvantage, race/ethnicity, gender, and smoking in NHIS 2000. American Journal of Public Health, 94 (2), 269–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barbeau, E. M., Li, Y., Calderon, P., Hartman, C., Quinn, M., Markkanen, P. et al. (2006). Results of a union-based smoking cessation intervention for apprentice iron workers (United States). Cancer Causes & Control, 17 (1), 53–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Battle, R. S., Cunradi, C. B., Moore, R. S., & Yerger, V. B. (2015). Smoking cessation among transit workers: Beliefs and perceptions among an at-risk occupational group. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 10, 19. doi: 10.1186/s13011-015-0012-7.(Available at http://www.substanceabusepolicy.com/content/10/1/19).Google Scholar
Brower, K., & Perron, B. (2011). Sleep disturbance as a universal risk factor for relapse in addictions to psychoactive substances. Medical Hypotheses, 74 (5), 928–933.Google Scholar
California Department of Public Health. California Tobacco Control Program. (2015). California Tobacco Facts and Figures 2015.Google Scholar
Chen, M.-J., & Cunradi, C. B. (2008). Job stress, burnout and substance use among urban transit operators: The potential mediating role of coping behaviour. Work & Stress, 22 (4), 327–340. doi: 10.1080/02678370802573992 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Choi, S. H., Waltje, A. H., Ronis, D. L., Noonan, D., Hong, O., Richardson, C. R. et al. (2014). Web-enhanced tobacco tactics with telephone support versus 1-800-QUIT-NOW telephone line intervention for operating engineers: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 16 (11), e255.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cunradi, C. B., Chen, M.-J., & Lipton, R. (2009). Association of occupational and substance use factors with burnout among urban transit operators. Journal of Urban Health, 86 (4), 562–570. doi: 10.1007/s11524-009-9349-4.Google Scholar
Cunradi, C. B., Moore, R. S., & Battle, R. (under review). Prevalence and correlates of current and former smoking among urban transit workers.Google Scholar
Cunradi, C. B., Moore, R., Battle, R., & Yerger, V. (2015). Smoking, work stress, and barriers to participation in HMO smoking cessation treatment among transit workers: Focus group results. Journal of Workplace Behavioral Health, 30 (3), 272–286. doi: 10.1080/15555240.2015.1027823 Google Scholar
Das, B. M., Petruzzello, S. J., & Ryan, K. E. (2014). Development of a logic model for a physical activity-based employee wellness program for mass transit workers. Preventing Chronic Disease, 17 (11), E123. doi: 110.5888/pcd5811.140124.Google Scholar
Diemert, L., Bondy, S., Brown, K., & Manske, S. (2013). Young adult smoking cessation: predictors of quit attempts and abstinence. American Journal Public Health, 103 (3), 449–453. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300878.Google Scholar
Duffy, S. A., Ronis, D. L., Richardson, C., Waltje, A. H., Ewing, L. A., Noonan, D. et al. (2012). Protocol of a randomized controlled trial of the Tobacco Tactics website for operating engineers. BMC Public Health, 12, 335.Google Scholar
Escoto, K. H., French, S. A., Harnack, L. J., Toomey, T. L., Hannan, P. J., & Mitchell, N. R. (2010). Work hours, weight status, and weight-related behaviors: A study of metro transit workers. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 7, 91. DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-1187-1191. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-7-91 Google Scholar
Fagan, P., Moolchan, E. T., Lawrence, D., Fernander, A., & Ponder, P. K. (2007). Identifying health disparities across the tobacco continuum. Addiction, 102 (Suppl 2), 5–29.Google Scholar
Fagerstrom, K.-O., & Schneider, N. G. (1989). Measuring nicotine dependence: A review of the Fagerstrom tolerance questionnaire. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 12 (2), 159–182.Google Scholar
Fiore, M. C., Jaén, C. R., Baker, T. B., Bailey, W. C., Benowitz, N. L., Curry, S. J. et al. (2008). Treating tobacco use and dependence: 2008 update. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service.Google Scholar
French, S. A., Harnack, L. J., Hannan, P. J., Mitchell, N. R., Gerlach, A. F., & Toomey, T. L. (2010). Worksite environment intervention to prevent obesity among metropolitan transit workers. Preventive Medicine, 50, 180–185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fu, S. S., Burgess, D., Ryn, M. V., Hatsukami, D. K., Solomon, J., & Joseph, A. M. (2007). Views on smoking cessation methods in ethnic minority communities: A qualitative investigation. Preventive Medicine, 44, 235–240.Google Scholar
Fu, S. S., Sherman, S. E., Yano, E. M., Van Ryn, M., Lanto, A. B., & Joseph, A. M. (2005). Ethnic disparities in the use of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation in an equal access health care system. American Journal of Health Promotion, 20 (2), 108–116.Google Scholar
Fucito, L., Redeker, N., Ball, S., Toll, B., Ikomi, J., & Carroll, K. (2014). Integrating a behavioural sleep intervention into smoking cessation treatment for smokers with insomnia: A randomised pilot study. Journal of Smoking Cessation, 9 (1), 31–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gould, G., Watt, K., West, R., Cadet-James, Y., & Clough, A. (2016). Can smoking initiation contexts predict how adult Aboriginal smokers assess their smoking risks? a cross-sectional study using the 'smoking risk assesment target'. BMJ Open, 6, e010722. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010722 Google Scholar
Greaves, L. (2014). Can tobacco control be transformative? reducing gender inequity and tobacco use among vulnerable populations. International Journal of Environmental Research Public Health, 11, 792–803.Google Scholar
Greiner, B. A., & Krause, N. (2006). Observational stress factors and musculoskeletal disorders in urban transit operators. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11 (1), 38–51.Google Scholar
Haiman, C., Stram, D., Wilkens, L., Pike, M., Kolonel, L., Henderson, B. et al. (2006). Ethnic and racial differences in the smoking-related risk of lung cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 354, 333–342.Google Scholar
Ham, D. C., Przybeck, T., Stickland, J. R., Luke, D. A., Bierut, L. J., & Evanoff, B. A. (2011). Occupation and workplace policies predict smoking behaviors: Analysis of national data from the current population survey. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 53 (11), 1337–1345. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182337778.Google Scholar
Jaehne, A., Unbehaun, T., Feige, B., Lutz, U., Batra, A., & Riemann, D. (2012). How smoking affects sleep: A polysomnographical analysis. Sleep Med., 13 (10), 1286–1292. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2012.06.026.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levy, D., Blackman, K., Tauras, J., Chaloupka, F., Villanti, A., Niaura, R. et al. (2011). Quit attempts and quit rates among menthol and nonmenthol smokers in the United States. American Journal of Public Health, 101 (7), 1241–1247. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300178.Google Scholar
Okechukwu, C. A., Krieger, N., Sorensen, G., Li, Y., & Barbeau, E. M. (2009). MassBuilt: Effectiveness of an apprenticeship site-based smoking cessation intervention for unionized building trades workers. Cancer Causes Control, 20, 887–894. doi: 10.1007/s10552-009-9324-0.Google Scholar
Prochaska, J. O., Velicer, W. F., Rossi, J. S., Goldstein, M. G., Marcus, B. H., Rakowski, W. et al. (1994). Stages of change and decisional balance for 12 problem behaviors. Health Psychology, 13 (1), 39–46.Google Scholar
Reid, J., Hammond, D., Boudreau, C., Fong, G., & Siahpush, M. (2010). Socioeconomic disparities in quit intentions, quit attempts, and smoking abstinence among smokers in four western countries: Findings from the international tobacco control four country survey. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 12 (Suppl 1), S20–S33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosenthal, L., Carroll-Scott, A., Earnshaw, V. A., Sackey, N., O'Malley, S. S., Santilli, A. et al. (2013). Targeting cessation: Understanding barriers and motivations to quitting among urban adult daily tobacco smokers. Addictive Behaviors, 38, 1639–1642.Google Scholar
Schauer, G. L., Malarcher, A. M., & Berg, C. J. (2014). Differences in smoking and cessation characteristics among adult nondaily smokers in the United States: Findings from the 2009–2010 national adult tobacco survey. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 16 (1), 58–68.Google Scholar
Smit, E., Fidler, J., & West, R. (2011). The role of desire, duty and intention in predicting attempts to quit smoking. Addiction, 106 (4), 844–851. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03317.x.Google Scholar
Song, G., Landau, A. S., Gorin, T. J., & Keithly, L. (2014). Real-world impact of quitline interventions for provider-referred smokers. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 47 (4), 392–402.Google Scholar
Sorensen, G., Barbeau, E., Stoddard, A. M., Hunt, M. K., Goldman, R., Smith, A. et al. (2007). Tools for health: The efficacy of a tailored intervention targeted for construction laborers. Cancer Causes Control, 18, 51–59.Google Scholar
Sorensen, G., Emmons, K., Stoddard, A., Linnan, L., & Avrunin, J. (2002). Do social influences contribute to occupational differences in quitting smoking and attitudes toward quitting?. American Journal of Health Promotion, 16 (3), 135–141.Google Scholar
Sorensen, G., Quintiliani, L., Pereira, L., Yang, M., & Stoddard, A. (2009). Work experiences and tobacco use: Findings from the gear up for health study Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 51 (1), 87–94. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31818f69f8 Google Scholar
Sorensen, G., Stoddard, A., Quintiliani, L., Ebbeling, C., Nagler, E., Yang, M. et al. (2010). Tobacco use cessation and weight management among motor freight workers: results of the gear up for health study. Cancer Causes Control, 21 (12), 2113–2122.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Spitzer, R., Williams, J., Kroenke, K., & Linzer, M. (1994). Utility of a new procedure for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care: The PRIME-MD 1000 study. JAMA, 272, 1749–1756.Google Scholar
Syamlal, G., Mazurek, J. M., Hendricks, S. A., & Jamal, A. (2015). Cigarette smoking trends among U.S. working adult by industry and occupation: Findings from the 2004-2012 national health interview survey. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 17 (5), 599–606. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tang, H., Abramsohn, E., Park, H.-Y., Cowling, D., & Al-Delaimy, W. (2010). Using a cessation-related outcome index to asess California's cessation progress at the population level. Tobacco Control, 19 (Suppl 1), i56–i61.Google Scholar
Tucker-Seeley, R. D., Selk, S., Adams, I., Allen, J. D., & Sorensen, G. (2015). Tobacco use among low-income housing residents: Does hardship motive quit attempts?. Cancer Causes Control, 26, 1699–1707. doi: 10.1007/s10552-015-0662-9 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (October 2013). Labor Force Characteristics by Race and Ethnicity, 2012.: Report 1044.Google Scholar
U.S. Department of Commerce, & Census Bureau. (2012). National cancer institute-sponsored tobacco use supplement to the current population survey (2010–11). Data files and technical documentation: http://thedataweb.rm.census.gov/ftp/cps_ftp.html#cpssupps.Google Scholar
Yerger, V. B., Wertz, M., McGruder, C., Froelicher, E. S., & Malone, R. E. (2008). Nicotine replacement therapy: Perceptions of African-American smokers seeking to quit. Journal of the National Medical Association, 100 (2), 230–236.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yong, L., Luckhaupt, S., Li, J., & Calvert, G. (2014). Quit interest, quit attempt and recent cigarette smoking cessation in the US working population, 2010. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 71 (6), 405–414. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2013-101852.Google Scholar
Yzer, M., Weisman, S., Mejia, N., Hennrikus, D., Choi, K., & DeSimone, S. (2015). Informing tobacco cessation benefit use interventions for unionized blue-collar workers: A mixed-methods reasoned action approach. Prevention Science, 16 (6), 811–821.Google Scholar
Zhu, S. H., Melcer, T., Sun, J., Rosbrook, B., & Pierce, J. P. (2000). Smoking cessation with and without assistance: A population-based analysis. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 18, 305–311.Google Scholar
Zhuang, Y., Gamst, A., Cummins, S., Wolfson, T., & Zhu, S. (2015). Comparison of smoking cessation between education groups: Findings from 2 US national surveys over 2 decades. American Journal of Public Health, 105 (2), 373–379.Google Scholar