Roman Britain in 1955

doi:10.2307/297972

^{page 119 note 1} Arch. Cambr., Ser. 6, XIV, 1914, 14, fig. 6.

^{page 120 note 2} The work was directed by Mr. L. Alcock for the Radnorshire Society. A summary account is published in their Transactions, XXV, 1955, 46 ff. For an inscribed lead object see below p. 148, no. 12.

^{page 121 note 3} Information from G. D. B. Jones, who made the survey with boys from the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe, with a grant from the Buckinghamshire Education Committee. It is hoped to publish a note in Archaeologia Cambrensis.

^{page 122 note 4} For this stamp see V. E. Nash-Williams, The Roman legionary fortress at Caerleon, Mon. (1946), p. 10, no. 26; Roman Frontier in Wales, pl. 39, no. 6.

^{page 122 note 5} Information from Dr. H. N. Savory who also sent the plans prepared by Dr. Nash-Williams (figs. 20, 21). The work was carried out on behalf of the National Museum of Wales, the Board of Celtic Studies and the Ministry of Works. For a centurial inscription in Cold Bath Lane, see below, p. 147, no. 5.

^{page 122 note 6} The site was excavated by Mr. and Mrs. Roe. Report published in Discovery and Excavation Scotand, 1955 (Scottish Regional Group of Council of British Archaeology), p. 20. For Cramond see CIL VII, 1083–6, and Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot., 1917–18, 213 ff.; 1936–7, 382.

^{page 123 note 7} ibid., p. 12. The work was carried out by Miss A. S. Robertson.

^{page 123 note 8} Miss A. S. Robertson, ibid., pp. 18, 19.

^{page 123 note 9} A. E. Truckell, ibid., p. 11. For graffiti on a Samian cup, see below, p. 150, no. 32.

^{page 124 note 10} Information from Professor I. A. Richmond. For early buildings elsewhere, see Richmond, I. A. and Gillam, J. P., Arch. Ael., ser. 4, XXXIII, 218 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 124 note 11} Information from Mr. R. Hogg the Director of the work.

^{page 125 note 12} A report with plan by Mr. R. L. Bellhouse, the Director of the excavation, has been published in Cumb. and Westm. Ant. Arch. Soc. Trans. ² LV, 30 ff.

^{page 125 note 13} Richmond, I. A., JRS XXXV, 15 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 125 note 14} Information from Mr. John Eames, who carried out the excavation for the School of Archaeology, Liverpool University. For a plan of the fort, see J. H. Hopkinson, Roman Fort at Ribchester, 3rd. ed. (1928) by D. Atkinson, and for its defences pp. 12, 20.

^{page 125 note 15} Grid reference, 34/744155. The Helsmore Local History Society is surveying this road. Information from Mr. J. A. Petch.

^{page 125 note 16} For other towers of similar size and at a similar interval on the north wall, see JRS XXV, 208; XXVI, 246 f.

^{page 125 note 17} Information from Mr. D. F. Petch and Mr. F. H. Thompson, who also sent the plans. For the Agricolan rampart elsewhere, see Chester Arch. Journ. XLII, 45, figs. 1, 2.

^{page 125 note 18} ibid, XXXIII, 1939, 49; JRS XXVII, 231.

^{page 125 note 19} These barracks closely resemble those found in the NE quarter of the fortress in Deanery Field in 1924–28and 1935. JRS XV, 227; XVIII, 198; XXVI, 248, and fig. 24. Information from Mr. D. F. Petch, who directed the work for the Chester Archaeological Society.

^{page 126 note 20} JRS XXI, 223; XXII, 204 f.

^{page 126 note 21} Petch, J. A., Chester Arch. Journ. XXX, 1933, 16 ffGoogle Scholar. Information from Mrs. K. E. Hartley who directed the excavation for the Chester Archaeological Society.

^{page 126 note 22} cf. Gordon Home, Roman York, 1924, 128, 149; A Short Guide to Roman York, 1956, 18.

^{page 126 note 23} Information of both sites from Mr. Peter Wenham. For plan of Roman York, see above, p. 77.

^{page 128 note 24} Information from P. A. Rahtz on behalf of the Ministry of Works.

^{page 128 note 25} Richmond, I. A., Arch. Journ. CIII, 32Google Scholar, fig. 7.

^{page 128 note 26} Lincs. N & Q VII, 129. The site has now been identified by the help of early deeds of properties.

^{page 128 note 27} cf. JRS XXXIX, 68, for Intervallum road on the north side, rebuilt early in the third century.

^{page 128 note 28} A site plan will be found in Roman Lincoln 1945–1954 (Report of the Lincoln Archaeological Research Committee, 1955), fig. 1. We are indebted to the Research Committee for the block shown in fig. 26.

^{page 130 note 29} Information from Mr. Graham Webster, who kindly sent the plan and section (fig. 27) made for the Research Group of the Extra Mural Department of Birmingham University.

^{page 130 note 30} Information from Mr. Graham Webster. Report on the 1954 work published in Woolhope Club Trans., XXXIV, 284 ff.

^{page 130 note 31} Birmingham Arch. Soc. Trans. LXIV, 42 ff.

^{page 130 note 32} ibid., LXII, 27 ff.

^{page 130 note 33} Information from Mr. Peter Gelling, who carried out the excavation for the Department of Ancient History and Archaeology of Birmingham University and on behalf of the Ministry of Works.

^{page 130 note 34} Information from Mr. Graham Webster, who supervised the Research Group directed by Mr. G. C. Nicoll for the Extra-Mural Department of Birmingham University.

^{page 130 note 35} Vict. Co. Hist. Warwicks. 1, 1904, 233, with map; cf. JRS XVII, 201.

^{page 130 note 36} Information from Mr. Adrian Oswald, who directed the excavations for the Department of Archaeology of Birmingham University on behalf of the Ministry of Works.

^{page 130 note 37} Information from Mr. E. Greenfield, who directed the work for the Ministry of Works.

^{page 131 note 38} Information from Mr. G. J. V. Bemrose, of Hanley Public Museum, Stoke-on-Trent.

^{page 131 note 39} Information from Mr. Graham Webster.

^{page 131 note 40} ‘Bulletin of Archaeological Discoveries (no. 2, 1955) of the Council of British Archaeology,’ Group 7.

^{page 133 note 41} Report from Dr. Corder on behalf of the Summer School organized by the Department of Adult Education Nottingham University.

^{page 134 note 42} Information from Dr. David Smith, who excavated the structure for the Ministry of Works before its destruction by open-cast mining.

^{page 134 note 43} Vict. Co. Hist. Northants 1, 199 (23), where it is described as at Foscote Farm.

^{page 134 note 44} Information from Mr. Charles Green, who directed the excavation for the Ministry of Works.

^{page 134 note 45} Director of the Society of Antiquaries Excavation (with Verulamium Excavation Committee).

^{page 134 note 46} R. M. and Wheeler, T. V., Verulamium (Soc. Ant. Research Rep. no. XI, 1936)Google Scholar, pl. CXIX.

^{page 136 note 47} ibid., 56 ff., pl. XX.

^{page 136 note 48} By Mr. Andrew Saunders for the Ministry of Works.

^{page 136 note 48a} Ant. Journ. XVII, 42 f.

^{page 138 note 49} Information from Mr. A. D. Saunders who directed the work for the Ministry of Works. The coffins are now in Verulamium Museum.

^{page 138 note 50} Information from Mr. Brian Hartley.

^{page 138 note 51} Information from Mr. John Holmes of the East Herts Archaeological Society.

^{page 138 note 52} They are now in the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Cambridge.

^{page 138 note 53} ‘Bulletin of Archaeological Discoveries’, 1955, issued by the Council of British Archaeology, Group 7, and information from Brian Hartley.

^{page 138 note 54} Norfolk Archaeology XXX, 1950, 1530. ‘Bulletin of Archaeological Discoveries’, no. 2, 1955, of the Council of British Archaeology, Group 7.

^{page 138 note 55} ibid.

^{page 138 note 56} Compare Vict. Co. Hist. Suffolk I, 314. Informaion from Mr. R. R. Inskeep, who dug the site for the Ministry of Works.

^{page 138 note 57} Information from Mr. Norman Smedley of Ipswich Museum.

^{page 139 note 58} ‘Bulletin of Archaeological Discoveries’ 1955, of the Council of British Archaeology, Group 7.

^{page 139 note 59} Information from Miss K. Richardson, who dug the site for the Ministry of Works. The pavement was just south of that found in 1923 (JRS XII, 260).

^{page 139 note 60} Information from Mr. M. R. Hull.

^{page 139 note 61} Supervised by Miss S. A. Butcher for the Ministry of Works.

^{page 139 note 62} Information from Dr. Davey.

^{page 139 note 63} Roman London (RCHM), 139. The datable material from these sites (2) has not yet been studied in detail but each has added to the sum total of knowledge of the less permanent structures which seem to have covered so much of Roman London.

^{page 140 note 64} The Daily Telegraph, 19 Sep. 1955. Most of the objects are now in the Guildhall Museum. For inscribed objects see below pp. 149 ff., nos. 17, 30, 33.

^{page 141 note 65} By Miss M. Craster for Gloucester Museum, where the finds are deposited, as reported by the Gloucester Roman Research Committee for 1954.

^{page 141 note 66} cf. Arch. Journ. CIX, 26 f.

^{page 141 note 67} Report from Miss D. M. Rennie of Gloucester Museum, who supervised the excavation for the Ministry of Works.

^{page 141 note 68} Information from Dr. Scott Garett, who excavated the building.

^{page 141 note 69} Information from Mr. P. Rahtz; Vict. Co. Hist. Som. 1, 358.

^{page 141 note 70} Information from Mr. H. S. Dewar, who notes that similar cones occurred at Lullingstone, Chew Park (a seed), Verulamium, and Carrawburgh.

^{page 141 note 71} New Forest pottery was found in the foundation of the outer veranda wall.

^{page 141 note 72} See drawing now in Taunton Museum; cf. Vict. Co. Hist. Som. 1, 322, no. 35.

^{page 141 note 73} Information from Mr. L. C.Hayward, who dug the site with the Yeovil School Archaeological Society. Report to be published in Somerset and Dorset Notes and Queries XXVII, 80 f.

^{page 141 note 74} Information from Mr. C. A. R. Radford; cf. Vict. Co. Hist. Som. 1, 358 f., for this well known site, traditionally identified as the Arthurian Camelot.

^{page 141 note 75} Information from E. Greenfield, who excavated the site for the Ministry of Works.

^{page 141 note 76} For the Trustees of the British Museum.

^{page 142 note 77} Information from Mr. R. A. H. Farrar, who directed the work for the Royal Commission on Historical Monuments (England). For earlier work on the defences, see JRS XLII, 1952, 99. For a similar antefix from Silchester but apparently from a different mould see JRS XXX, 177, fig. 16.

^{page 142 note 78} Excavations by Mr. N. H. Field; report from Mr. R. A. H. Farrar. See also Dorset N.H. and Arch. Soc. Proc. LXXVII, 129.

^{page 143 note 79} Information from Mr. P. Rahtz, who directed the excavation for the Ministry of Works. The site had been discovered by A. T. Morley Hewitt in 1953. The mosaic in Room 1 is being transferred to Salisbury Museum.

^{page 144 note 80} The work, started at the instigation and with the help of Mr. Hulls, of the Royal Military College of Science at Shrivenham, was under the direction of Miss Ann Hamilton. The walls are now reduced by agriculture to one course or just foundations.

^{page 144 note 81} Information from Dr. Kraay, who hopes to publish a full account in Num. Chron.

^{page 144 note 82} Information from Mr. R. A. G. Carson, of the British Museum. A brief account will be published in Arch. Cantiana and a detailed one discussing folles in Num. Chron., 1956.

^{page 144 note 83} Information from Mr. Noël Hume, who is publishing an account in Archaeologia Cantiana.

^{page 144 note 84} Archaeologia Cantiana LXIX, 201 f.

^{page 144 note 85} For earlier finds at the Fleur-de-Lys Hotel see Vict. Co. Hist Kent 111, 68, (2).

^{page 146 note 86} Vict. Co. Hist., Kent, 111, 45 (10); Mrs.Threipland, L. M. and Steer, K. A., Arch. Cant., LXIV, 130 ffGoogle Scholar. with map.

^{page 146 note 87} JRS XLI, 1951, 140. Information of both sites from Mr. P. Rahtz, who conducted the work for the Ministry of Works.

^{page 146 note 1} When measurements are quoted the width precedes the height.

^{page 146 note 2} For the site see JRS XLV (1955), 137. The stone is now in Guildhall Museum, Royal Exchange.

^{page 146 note 3} Now in Reading Museum. First noticed in 1955 by Mr. G. C. Boon, who kindly sent it for examination.

^{page 146 note 4} Now in Verulamium Museum. For full discussion see Wright, , Ant. Journ. XXXVI (1956), 8, pl. IIIGoogle Scholar.

^{page 147 note 5} Now in Verulamium Museum.

^{page 147 note 6} Found by Mr. J. K. Knight, who kindly gave details of its provenance. Now in the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.

^{page 147 note 7} Now in the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff, where Dr. H. N. Savory kindly provided details of provenance.

^{page 147 note 8} See n. 7 above.

^{page 148 note 9} Haverfield, Catalogue no. 9 read M·AGP (or R)./V. See Wright Catalogue of Grosvenor Museum (1955), no. 9.

^{page 148 note 10} History of Cumberland (1794) II, pl. v facing p. 284, no. 39. First noted by Mr.Jarrett, M. G. CW² LIV (1954), 268Google Scholar, fig. 4, who reports that he searched for this fragment in vain in the Netherhall collection.

^{page 148 note 11} Mr. C. A. Ralegh Radford kindly considered the fragment and in a letter noted that ‘the type of monument is such that parallels north of Southern Gaul are very difficult to find’.

^{page 148 note 12} Now in Corbridge Museum; drawn by the present writer. For the west gate see JRS XLIV (1954), 88.

^{page 148 note 13} North Wales Weekly News, 17 June, 1954, gives report by Mr. F. P. Jowett, who has generously presented the stone to the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff. For the road see Halhed AC (1912) 325.

^{page 148 note 14} Directed by Mr. L. Alcock; Dr. B. Swinbank kindly submitted the label.

^{page 149 note 15} Part of the Moxom collection of the London and Middlesex Archaeological Society, which, through Mr. P. G. Suggett, kindly lent it for examination. See Suggett, , London and Middlesex AST XVIII (1955). 60Google Scholar, figs. 7, 7a.

^{page 149 note 16} Birley, and Gillam, , AA⁴ XXVI (1948), 186Google Scholar.

^{page 149 note 17} Now in Hendon Public Library, where the Librarian kindly made it available. Suggett, , London and Middlesex AST² XI (1953), 186Google Scholar.

^{page 149 note 18} Mr. M. R. Hull kindly made it available and gave details. For these flasks see Haverfield, Roman Britain in 1913, 29.

^{page 149 note 19} Now in Guildhall Museum, where Mr. N. C. Cook kindly made it available and gave details.

^{page 149 note 20} See previous note.

^{page 149 note 21} For the site see JRS XLV (1955), 139.

^{page 149 note 22} Now in Corbridge Museum.

^{page 149 note 23} Mr. L. P. Wenham kindly made the fragments available.

^{page 149 note 24} Now in the Grosvenor Museum; Mr. G. Webster kindly sent details and squeezes.

^{page 149 note 25} Now in Hendon Public Library. Suggett, , London and Middlx. AST² XI (1953), 186Google Scholar. For the complete stamp see London in Roman Times 51, fig. 6, no. 3.

^{page 149 note 26} Clifford JRS XLV (1955), 72, pl. XV, no. 17. Now in Gloucester City Museum; Miss M. D. Craster kindly sent details.

^{page 150 note 27} Mr. S. S. Frere kindly sent the fragment.

^{page 150 note 28} Clifford JRS XLV (1955), 71, pl. XV, no. 13. Dr. C. Scott Garrett kindly sent details. The same die was used for the examples of this stamp found in Cirencester, and now in the Corinium Museum. Cf. JRS XLV, 71, no. 13.

^{page 150 note 29} ACamb. LXXXI (1926), 192Google Scholar, with inadequate description. Now in Carmarthen Museum; the Curator, Mr. J. F. Jones, kindly made the object available.

^{page 150 note 30} JRS XLV (1955). 148, no. 21.

^{page 150 note 31} Mr. J. B. Baird kindly sent the vessel for study.

^{page 150 note 32} Now in the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff. Mr. H. Gear kindly gave details.

^{page 150 note 33} Now in Guildhall Museum.

^{page 150 note 34} Now in the Hunterian Museum, Glasgow. Robertson, Anne S., Glasgow Arch. Soc. Report for 1953–4, 12Google Scholar.

^{page 150 note 35} Found by Mr. Rogerson, who has kindly presented it to Dumfries Museum. Mr. A. E. Truckell kindly sent details and the sherd.

^{page 150 note 36} From the cavalry-fort of Chesters there is a graffito S]IISQV(I)PLI[CARI (corrected reading of CIL VII, 1338, 26).

^{page 151 note 37} Now in Guildhall Museum; Mr. N. C. Cook kindly submitted it for study.

^{page 151 note 38} Mr. S. S. Frere kindly sent it for study.

^{page 151 note 39} Now in the Grosvenor Museum; Mr. G. Webster kindly made them available.

^{page 151 note 40} Now in the Yorkshire Museum, where Mr. G. F. Willmot kindly submitted it.

^{page 151 note 41} Found by Master P. Marsden; on temporary loan to Guildhall Museum.

^{page 151 note 42} Corder, , Ant. Journ. XVII (1937), 401, fig. 3Google Scholar.

^{page 151 note 43} Now in the private museum in the charge of Mr. C. Grantham, North Street, Driffield. Mr. I. M. Stead kindly sent information, and Mr. T. Wadsworth kindly lent the sherds for study.

^{page 151 note 44} Now in Reading Museum. Mr. G. C. Boon kindly sent it for study.

^{page 151 note 45} Found in Mrs. M. A. Cotton's excavation (JRS XLI, 133). Now in Colchester Museum, where Mr. M. R. Hull kindly made it available.

^{page 151 note 46} Grimes, Holt (Y Cymmrodor XLI, 1930), 133, no. 26.

^{page 151 note 47} Iraq VII (1940), 67, pl. V.

^{page 151 note 48} Thacker, T. W. and Wright, R. P., Iraq XVII (1955), 90, fig. 1CrossRef Google Scholar.

^{page 152 note 49} Now in the Yorkshire Museum; Mr. G. F. Willmot kindly submitted it and gave details.

^{page 152 note 50} Ashmolean Museum Report (1955) 30, pl. IV, a.

Article contents

Roman Britain in 1955

Abstract

Access options

References

This article has been cited by the following publications. This list is generated based on data provided by Crossref.

Article contents

Roman Britain in 1955

Abstract

Access options

References

Save article to Kindle

Save article to Dropbox

Save article to Google Drive

Reply to: Submit a response

Your details

You have entered the maximum number of contributors

Conflicting interests