Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T07:31:11.148Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Social Policy in Transition from Plan to Market*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 November 2008

Robert Holzmann
Affiliation:
Economics, University of Vienna

Abstract

The reforms initiated in Central and Eastern European countries imply dramatic changes at social, economic and political level. The transition from a centrally planned to a market–based economic system requires profound reformation of all economic and social institutions, amongst them, in prominent place, the way social benefits are provided and financed. Social programs in these countries are challenged from two sides: Firstly, they have to provide a social safety net for the most vulnerable in society during economic transition in order to support the reform program in social and political terms; secondly, social programs have to be restructured in order to be financially sound, socially equitable and economically efficient in a more (or fully) market-oriented environment.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Ahmad, E., 1992. Social Safety Nets. In Tanzi, V. (ed): Fiscal Policies in Economies in Transition, Washington, D.C.IMF, pp. 312329.Google Scholar
Auerbach, A. J. and KotlikofT, L. J., 1987. Dynamic Fiscal Policy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Boeri, T. and Keese, K., 1991. From labour shortage to labour shedding: labour markets in Central and Eastern Europe, Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers No. 9, Paris: OECD.Google Scholar
Gordon, M., 1988. Social Security Policies in Industrial Countries – A Comparative Analysis, New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Holzmann, R., 1988. Reforming Public Pensions, Paris: OECD.Google Scholar
Holzmann, R., 1991a. Budgetary Subsidies in Central and Eastern European Economies in Transition, Economic Systems 15, 3, pp. 149176.Google Scholar
Holzmann, R., 1991b. The Provision of Complementary Pensions: Objectives, Forms and Constraints – Background and Policy Considerations for the Discussion in the CSFR, International Social Security Review 1991, 12, pp. 75–93.Google Scholar
Holzmann, R., 1991c. The Social Safety Net – Concepts, Recent Developments, Recommendations. In: Mahrer, P. and Zecchini, S. (eds): The Transition to a Market Economy in Central and Eastern Europe, Vol.2, OECD, Paris, pp. 155179.Google Scholar
Holzmann, R., 1991d. Migrationspotential der postsozialistischen Reformländer Europas: Hintergründe, Daten und Einschätzungen. In: Fassmann, H., Findl, P. und Münz, R. (eds): Die Auswirkungen der internalionalen Wanderungen auf Österreich – Szenarien zur Regionalen Bevölkerungsentwicklung 1991–2031, Österreichische Raumordnungskonferenz, Schriftenreihe Nr. 89, Vienna: ÖROK.Google Scholar
Holzmann, R., 1992a. Tax Reform in Countries in Transition – Central Policy Issues. In: Pestieau, P. (ed): Public Finance in a World of Transition, The Hague/Koenigstein: Foundation Journal Public Finance, in press.Google Scholar
Holzmann, R. 1992b. Reforming Old-Age Pension Systems in Central and Eastern European Countries in Transition: Necessity and Chance, Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institute for Economic Analysis, Research Paper No. 9, May.Google Scholar
Kopits, G., Holzmann, R., Schieber, G. and Sidgwick, E., 1990. Social Security Reform in Hungary, International Monetary Fund – Fiscal Affairs Department, October (restricted).Google Scholar
Kopits, G., 1992. Social Security. In: Tanzi, V. ed: Fiscal Policies in Economies in Transition, Washington, D. C.IMF, pp. 291311.Google Scholar
International Labour Organization, 1984. Financing Social Security: The Options, Geneva: ILO.Google Scholar
International Labour Organization. The Costs of Social Security, various issues.Google Scholar
International Monetary Fund et al. , 1991. A Study of the Soviet Economy, 3 Volumes, Paris: OECD.Google Scholar
International Monetary Fund et al. , 1992. World Economic Outlook, Washington, D.C. IMF, May.Google Scholar
International Social Security Association (ISSA), 1988. Economic and Social Aspects of Social Security Financing, Geneva: ISSA.Google Scholar
International Social Security Association (ISSA), 1990. Evolution of Family Policy in the Light of Demographic Developments, Geneva: ISSA.Google Scholar
OECD, 1991a. Employment Outlook, July. Paris: OECD.Google Scholar
OECD, 1991b. The Transition from Work to Retirement, Working Party on Social Policy, August (restricted).Google Scholar
OECD, 1991c. Economic Outlook, December. Paris: OECD.Google Scholar
Oxenstirna, S., 1991. Whither Employment? – Labor market developments in Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, the former GDR, Latvia and Lithuania, Swedish Institute for Social Research, mimeo.Google Scholar
Rose, R., 1991. Between State and Market–Key Indicators of Transition in Eastern Europe, Studies in Public Policy No. 196, Glasgow: University of Strathclyde.Google Scholar
Rutkowski, M., 1991. Is the Labour Market Adjustment in Poland Surprising?, World Bank, mimeo.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tanzi, V. ed, 1992. Fiscal Policies in Economies in Transition, Washington, D.C. IMF.Google Scholar
U.S. DHSS (Department of Health and Human Services), 1991. Social Security Programs throughout the World – 1989, Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
World Bank, 1991a. Hungary: Reform of the Social Policy and Distribution System, Washington, D.C.: World Bank.Google Scholar
World Bank, 1991b. Romania – Accelerating the Transition: Human Resource Strategies for the 1990s, Washington, D.C.: World Bank, restricted.Google Scholar
World Bank, 1991c. Bulgaria – Crisis and Transition to a Market Economy, 2 volumes, Washington, D.C.: World Bank.Google Scholar
World Bank, 1992. Poland – Social Sector Expenditure Review, Washington D.C.: World Bank, restricted.Google Scholar