Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T07:02:18.835Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Does EU support contribute to economically successful Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs)? A panel data analysis of road PPP projects in Spain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 November 2017

Laura Garrido
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigación del Transporte (TRANSyT), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain E-mail: [email protected]
Thais Rangel
Affiliation:
E.T.S. de Ingeniería y Diseño Industrial, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain E-mail: [email protected]
María De Los Ángeles Baeza
Affiliation:
Departamento de Economía Financiera y Contabilidad, Universidad de Granada, Spain E-mail: [email protected]
José M. Vassallo
Affiliation:
Centro de Investigación del Transporte (TRANSyT), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

The EU infrastructure policy has relied on Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) as a means to successfully deliver infrastructure of benefit for the EU. To reach its infrastructure policy objectives, the EU has implemented support mechanisms aimed at facilitating the delivery of PPPs. This article is aimed at evaluating to what extent these mechanisms have actually contributed to improving the economic performance of PPPs. To that end, we have selected the case of Spanish road PPPs for empirical analysis. The main result shows that EU support positively influences the economic performance of PPP projects. This is caused by the fact that the EU conditions its financial support on a project’s meeting a set of requirements that help assure the success of the project. From this result, we obtain a set of conclusions that may be generalised to other cases, and provide a contribution to the body of knowledge on PPPs.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press, 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abdel Aziz, A. M. (2007) Successful Delivery of Public-Private Partnerships for Infrastructure Development. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 133(12): 918931.Google Scholar
Athias, L. and Saussier, S. (2007) Contractual Flexibility or Rigidity for Public Private Partnerships? Theory and Evidence from Infrastructure Concession Contracts. MPRA Paper 10541, University Library of Munich, Germany.Google Scholar
Baeza, M. A. and Vassallo, J. M. (2011) La intervención de la Administración ante las dificultades financieras de las sociedades concesionarias de autopistas de peaje. Presupuesto y Gasto Público 65: 5160.Google Scholar
Bain, R. (2009) Error and Optimism Bias in Toll Road Traffic Forecasts. Transportation 36(5): 469482.Google Scholar
Baltagi, B. H. (2005) Econometric Analysis of Panel Data. England: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Baltagi, B. H. (2013) Econometric Analysis of Panel Data, 5th ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Benito, B., Montesinos, V. and Bastida, F. J. (2008) An Example of Creative Accounting in Public Sector: The Private Financing of Infrastructures in Spain. Critical Perspectives on Accounting 19(7): 963986.Google Scholar
Bovaird, T. (2004) Public-Private Partnerships: From Contested Concepts to Prevalent Practice. International Review of Administrative Sciences 70(2): 199215.Google Scholar
Burja, C. and Burja, V. (2009) Analysis of Companies’ Economic Performance Using the Profitability Rates. European Research Studies XII(2): 99111.Google Scholar
Chan, A. P. C., Lam, P. T. I., Chan, D. W. M., Cheung, E. and Ke, Y. (2010) Critical Success Factors for PPPs in Infrastructure Developments: Chinese Perspective. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 136(5): 484494.Google Scholar
Chan, A. P. C., Scott, D. and Lam, E. W. M. (2002) Framework of Success Criteria for Design/Build Projects. Journal Management Engineering 18(3): 120–118.Google Scholar
Christophersen, H., Bodewig, K. and Secchi, C. (2014) New Financial Schemes for European Transport Infrastructure Projects. Interim Report, http://italia2014.eu/media/3839/new-financial-schemes-for-eu-transport-infrastructure-projects_christophersen-bodewig-secchi-interim-report.pdf (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
Chung, D. (2009) Private Provision of Road Infrastructure: Unveiling the Inconvenient Truth in New South Wales, Australia. Road & Transport Research 18(1): 6885.Google Scholar
Chung-Yuang, J. (2010) Taiwan’s High-Speed Rail: Public-Private Partnership Hits a Speed Bump Case Solution & Analysis. Harvard Kennedy School Case 1910.0, October.Google Scholar
Clark, T. S. and Linzer, D. A. (2015) Should I Use Fixed or Random Effects? Political Science Research and Methods 3(2): 399408.Google Scholar
Clifton, C. and Duffield, C. F. (2006) Improved PFI/PPP Service Outcomes Through the Integration of Alliance Principles. International Journal of Project Management 24(7): 573586.Google Scholar
de Brux, J. (2010) The Dark and Bright Sides of Renegotiation: An Application to Transport Concession Contracts. Utilities Policy 18(2): 7785.Google Scholar
Égert, B. (2015) Public Debt, Economic Growth and Nonlinear Effects: Myth or Reality? Journal of Macroeconomics 43(C): 226238.Google Scholar
EPEC (2011) Using EU Funds in PPPs – Explaining the How and Starting the Discussion on the Future, http://www.eib.org/attachments/epec/epec_using_eu_funds_in_ppps_en.pdf (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
Estache, A. and Garsous, G. (2012) The Impact of Infrastructure on Growth in Developing Countries. Economics Notes 1, International Finance Corporation, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Estache, A. and Iimi, A. (2008) Benefits from Competition for Infrastructure Procurements and Financial Needs Reassessed. ECARES Conference on Emerging Competition Issues in the Procurement of Infrastructure Services. 12-13 February 2009, Brussels. www.ecares.org/ecaresdocuments/ws/bvo2/iimi-paper.pdf (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
Esty, B. C. and Kane, M. (2001) Poland’s A2 Motorway. Harvard Business School Case 202-030, December, revised April 2003.Google Scholar
European Commission (2008) TEN-T Implementation of the Priority Projects Progress Report. May, https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/media/publications/doc/2008_brochure_tent_t_implementation_priority_projects_progress_report.pdf (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
European Commission (2011) A Pilot for Europe 2020 Project Bond Initiative – Legislative Proposal Adopted by the Commission. MEMO 11/707.Google Scholar
European Economic and Social Committee (2005) Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on the Role of the EIB in Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) and Their Impact on Growth (2005/C 234/12). Official Journal of the European Union C 234: 5259.Google Scholar
European Investment Bank (EIB) (2004) The EIB’s Role in Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), www.eib.org/Attachments/thematic/eib_ppp_en.pdf (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
European Investment Bank (EIB) (2011) EIB’s Transport Lending Policy, http://www.eib.org/attachments/strategies/transport_lending_policy_en.pdf (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
European Investment Bank (EIB) (2014) The Loan Guarantee Instrument for TEN-T Projects (LGTT). An Evaluation Focusing on the Role of the EIB in the Implementation of the Instrument, http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_lgtt_en.pdf (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
European Investment Bank (EIB) (2017) The European Investment Bank at a Glance, http://www.eib.org/attachments/general/the_eib_at_a_glance_en.pdf (accessed November 2, 2017).Google Scholar
European Policy Centre (2012) Can Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) Lever Investment to Get Europe Out of Economic Crisis? EPC Issue Paper No. 71, Brussels.Google Scholar
Evenhuis, E. and Vickerman, R. (2010) Transport Pricing and Public-Private Partnerships in Theory: Issues and Suggestions. Research in Transportation Economics 30: 614.Google Scholar
Feenstra, D. W. and Wang, H. (2000) Economic and Accounting Rates of Return, Research Report 00E42, University of Groningen, Research Institute SOM, Groningen.Google Scholar
Fisher, F. M. and McGowan, J. J. (1983) On the Misuse of Accounting Rates of Return to Infer Monopoly Profits. The American Economic Review 73: 8297.Google Scholar
Garsous, G. (2012) How Productive is Infrastructure? A Quantitative Survey. ECARES Working Paper, Universite libre de Bruxelles, Brussels.Google Scholar
Green, W. H. (2008) Econometric Analysis, 6th ed. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Guasch, J. L., Laffont, J. and Straub, S. (2008) Renegotiation of Concession Contracts in Latin America – Evidence From the Water and Transport Sectors. International Journal of Industrial Organization 26(2): 421442.Google Scholar
Hardcastle, C., Edwards, P. J., Akintoye, A. and Li, B. (2005) Critical Success Factors for PPP/PFI Projects in the UK Construction Industry: A Factor Analysis Approach. Proceedings of the International Conference on Public Private Partnerships – Opportunities and Challenges, CICID of HKU & Civil Division of HKIE, 22 February, Hong Kong.Google Scholar
Harris, F. H. D. B. (1988) Capital Intensity and the Firm’s Cost of Capital. The Review of Economics and Statistics 70(4): 587594.Google Scholar
Hausman, J. A. (1978) Specification Tests in Econometrics. Econometrica 46(6): 12511271.Google Scholar
Hellowell, M. (2013) PFI Redux? Assessing a New Model for Financing Hospitals. Health Policy 113(1–2): 7785.Google Scholar
Holian, M. J. and Reza, A. M. (2011) Firm and Industry Effects in Accounting Versus Economic Profit Data. Applied Economics Letters 18(6): 527529.Google Scholar
Horta, I. M., Camanho, A. S. and Moreira Da Costa, J. (2012) Performance Assessment of Construction Companies: A Study of Factors Promoting Financial Soundness and Innovation in the Industry. International Journal of Production Economics 137(1): 8493.Google Scholar
Irwin, T. (2007) Government Guarantees: Allocating and Valuing Risks in Privately Financed Infrastructure Projects. Washington, DC: The World Bank.Google Scholar
Iseki, H. and Houtman, R. (2012) Evaluation of Progress in Contractual Terms: Two Case Studies of Recent DBFO PPP Projects in North America. Research in Transportation Economics 36(1): 7384.Google Scholar
Jacobsson, R. and Jacobsson, S. (2012) The Emerging Funding Gap for the European Energy Sector – Will the Financial Sector Deliver? Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions 5: 4959.Google Scholar
Kangari, R., Farid, F. and Elgharib, H. M. (1992) Financial Performance Analysis for Construction Industry. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 118(2): 349361.Google Scholar
Klijn, E. and Teisman, G. (2003) Institutional and Strategic Barriers to Public-Private Partnership: An Analysis of Dutch Cases. Public Money & Management 23(3): 137146.Google Scholar
Kriger, D. S., Shiu, S. and Naylor, S. (2006) Estimating Toll Road Demand and Revenue. A Synthesis of Highway Practice. NCHRP Synthesis 364.Google Scholar
Kwak, Y. H., Chih, Y. Y. and Ibbs, C. W. (2009) Towards a Comprehensive Understanding of Public Private Partnerships for Infrastructure Development. California Management Review 51(2): 5178.Google Scholar
Lawther, W. (2000) Privatising Toll Roads: A Public-Private Partnership. Westport, CT: Praeger.Google Scholar
Liu, J., Love, P. E. D., Smith, J., Regan, M. and Davis, P. R. (2015) Life Cycle Critical Success Factors for Public-Private Partnership Infrastructure Projects. Journal of Management in Engineering 31(5): 17.Google Scholar
Liyanage, C. and Villalba-Romero, F. (2015) Measuring Success of PPP Transport Projects: A Cross-Case Analysis of Toll Roads. Transport Reviews: A Transnational Transdisciplinary Journal 35(2): 140161.Google Scholar
Medda, F., Carbonaro, G. and Davis, S. (2013) Public Private Partnerships in Transportation: Some Insights From the European Experience. IATSS Research 36(2): 8387.Google Scholar
Menches, C. L. and Hanna, A. S. (2006) Quantitative Measurement of Successful Performance from the Project Manager’s Perspective. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 132(12): 12841293.Google Scholar
Meunier, D. and Quinet, E. (2010) Tips and Pitfalls in PPP Design. Research in Transportation Economics 30(1): 126138.Google Scholar
Ministerio de Fomento (2013) Informe 2013 sobre el sector de autopistas de peaje en España, http://www.fomento.es/MFOM.CP.Web/handlers/pdfhandler.ashx?idpub=ICW021 (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
Ministerio de Fomento (2015) Informe 2014 sobre el sector de autopistas de peaje en España, http://www.fomento.es/MFOM.CP.Web/handlers/pdfhandler.ashx?idpub=ICW030 (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
Müller, R. and Turner, R. (2007) The Influence of Project Managers on Project Success Criteria and Project Success by Type of Project. European Management Journal 25(4): 298309.Google Scholar
Ng, S. T., Wong, Y. M. W. and Wong, J. M. W. (2012) Factors Influencing the Success of PPP at Feasibility Stage – A Tripartite Comparison Study in Hong Kong. Habitat International 36(4): 423432.Google Scholar
Nisar, T. (2007) Value for Money Drivers in Public-Private Partnership Schemes. International Journal of Public Sector Management 20(2): 147156.Google Scholar
Ortega, A., Baeza, M. A. and Vassallo, J. M. (2016) Contractual PPPs for Transport Infrastructure in Spain: Lessons from the Economic Recession. Transport Reviews 36(2): 187206.Google Scholar
Osborne, S. (2000) Public Private Partnerships: Theory and Practice in International Perspective. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Ragazzi, G. (2005) Tolls and Project Financing: A Critical View. Research in Transportation Economics 15: 4153.Google Scholar
Rosales, R. and Vassallo, J. M. (2012) Is There Scope for a New Project Bond Market in Europe? A Promising Opportunity for Promoting Transnational Infrastructure. Journal of Globalization, Competitiveness & Governability 6(3): 8899.Google Scholar
Ryan, J. (2012) Financial PPP and the Age of Deleveraging: A Pragmatic Approach to Loan Guarantees for U.S. Infrastructure Projects. Journal of Structured Finance 18(1): 8699.Google Scholar
Sabry, M. I. (2015) Good Governance, Institutions and Performance of Public Private Partnerships. International Journal of Public Sector Management 28(7): 566582.Google Scholar
Scannella, E. (2012) Project Finance in the Energy Industry: New Debt-Based Financing Models. International Business Research 5(2): 8393.Google Scholar
Takim, R. and Akintoye, A. (2002) Performance Indicators for Successful Construction Project Performance. In Greenwood, D. (ed.), 18th Annual Association of Researchers in Construction Management (ARCOM) Conference. 2–4 September, University of Northumbria, Vol. 2. Association of Researchers in Construction Management, Newcastle upon Tyne, 545–555.Google Scholar
Thomson, C., Goodwin, J. and Yescombe, E. (2005) Evaluation of PPP Projects Financed by the EIB. European Investment Bank Publications, http://www.eib.org/attachments/ev/ev_ppp_en.pdf (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
Vassallo, J. M., Baeza, M. A. and Ortega, A. (2011) Toll Highway Concessions in the Madrid Metropolitan Area: Lessons Learned From an Unsuccessful Experience. Paper Presented at the Transportation Research Board 90th Annual Meeting. 23–27 January, Washington D.C.Google Scholar
Vassallo, J. M., Baeza, M. A. and Ortega, A. (2012) What was Wrong With the Toll Highway Concessions in the Madrid Metropolitan Area? Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 39(1): 8190.Google Scholar
Vassallo, J. M. and Pérez de Villar, P. (2010) Diez años de peaje sombra en España. Revista de Obras Públicas 157(3506): 1930.Google Scholar
Vassallo, J. M., Rangel, T., Baeza, M. A. and Bueno, P. C. (2016) The Europe 2020 Project Bond Initiative to Finance Infrastructure in Europe. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 15.Google Scholar
Wibowo, A. (2006) CAPM-Based Valuation of Financial Government Supports to Infeasible and Risky Private Infrastructure Projects. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 132(3): 239248.Google Scholar
World Bank (2017) Public-Private Partnerships Reference Guide (Version 3), https://pppknowledgelab.org/guide/sections/83-what-is-the-ppp-reference-guide (accessed 2 November 2017).Google Scholar
Zaharioaie, M. (2012) Appropriate Financial Instruments for Public-Private Partnership in European Union. Procedia Economics and Finance 3: 800805.Google Scholar
Zhang, X. (2005) Critical Success Factors for Public–Private Partnerships in Infrastructure Development. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 131(1): 314.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Garrido et al supplementary material

Garrido et al supplementary material 1

Download Garrido et al supplementary material(File)
File 55.6 KB